Large amounts of cellulose-based waste textiles are generated every year, yet little is done to recycle this waste. Alternatives such as fiber-to-fiber recycling, where a significant part of the value of the waste textiles is recovered, are attractive possibilities. In this study, we have investigated the viability of using hydrated zinc chloride (ZnCl2·4H2O) as a solvent and...
The expanding field of lignin-containing nanocellulose offers a sustainable alternative to fossil-based substances in applications such as packaging, coatings, and composites. This has underscored the importance to explore the impact of raw materials due to the complexities of lignin structures and different raw fiber characteristics, which plays a significant role in determining...
In our previous study, we demonstrated that Eucalyptus dunnii samples containing high calcium content show inferior pulping properties concerning delignification and polysaccharide degradation. This led us to investigate alternative methods for improving the pulping process of these samples. In the present work, we evaluated the effects of incorporating black and green liquors...
Hygroexpansion, CP/MAS 13C-NMR, WAXS and SAXS measurements were carried out on sheets made from four different commercial pulps of varying lignin content. Non-directional laboratory sheets were made at different press levels from the pulps following different degrees of beating. The sheets were dried both freely and with restraints. Measurements were made on sheets before and...
Cellulose activation is a necessary step in many industrial processes including production of cellulose derivatives, regenerated cellulose, biofuels and biochemicals. Expansins and expansin-related proteins have been shown to disrupt the fibrillar aggregation and loosen the structure of lignocellulosic materials but typically lack lytic activity. Therefore, they offer a new but...
Sustainable lubricating oleogels were obtained based on elm (Ulmus minor Mill.) pulp cellulose nanofibers in castor oil. Before their nanofibrillation, two samples of the same bleached pulp were subjected to two different pre-treatments, either mechanical PFI (Paper and Fibre Research Institute) refining or chemical TEMPO-mediated oxidation. Their effect on the oleogels’ viscous...
Nanostructured scaffolds based on cellulose with advanced performances and personalized morphologies for bone tissue engineering are under technological development. 3D-printing and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) technologies are innovative processing strategies that, when combined, allow the precise fabrication of highly porous aerogel scaffolds. Novel sterile cellulose-in...
This review summarizes the use of cellulose and polylactide for medical applications with particular emphasis on modern dressings. Although classic cotton and viscose dressings are still available and popular, the usefulness of new forms of cellulose (Cel) and its derivatives opens new wound treatment options. Therefore, trends in functionalizing traditional cellulose dressings...
As the construction of high-rise buildings increases to solve residential spaces caused by high density population concentration, the occurrence of fire accidents in high-rise buildings is also increasing. The primary cause of fire damage in high-rise buildings is the spread of fire caused by exterior wall finishes. Therefore, it is essential to develop semi-non-combustible...
The search for solid electrolytes which have good proton conductivity in anhydrous conditions, thermal and mechanical stability, and are at the same time environmentally friendly and easy to manufacture is a big challenge which we have undertaken. This work presents new solid electrolytes based on cellulose nanocrystals with protic ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium bis...
Synthetic fibers are used extensively as reinforcement in composite materials, but many of them face environmental concerns such as high energy consumption during production and complicated decommissioning. Natural fibers have been considered as an attractive solution for making composites more sustainable. However, they are generally not as strong as synthetic fibers. It is...
Inverted nozzle-pressurized gyration was used as a processing methodology for regenerating cellulose extracted from Laminaria hyperborea for the first time. The viscoelasticity of cellulose/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIM OAc) solutions exhibited high concentration dependence, leading to the production of cellulose products with diverse structures. The regenerated...
The mechanical properties of native cellulose are critical for understanding the properties of natural biomaterials. To investigate the elastic moduli of the cellulose crystalline fraction an isotropic mechanical load using hydrostatic pressure ranging from 0.01 to 0.5 GPa was applied to flax fibers, pine wood and tension wood samples. The response of the crystalline part was...
Three types of wood pulp feedstocks including bleached softwood kraft, unbleached softwood kraft and old corrugated containers were disk refined to produce cellulose nanofibrils at different fineness levels ranging from 50 to 100%, and the resulting aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanofibrils were spray dried. The spray drying experiments were carried out to examine different...
Most currently available research into Tibetan paper focuses on the earliest books from an archaeological perspective. On the other hand, scientific studies of the 19th−20th century Tibetan paper are largely missing, specifically with respect to material properties and paper permanence. To explore these, both conventional and modified methods were applied using reference historic...
Hemicellulose-rich pulp raw materials are avoided in the production of man-made cellulosic textile fibres due to hemicellulose reactivity with the currently used industrial solvent systems. Incorporation of hemicelluloses in regenerated fibres could, however, increase the share of used wood biomass and thus improve the environmental footprint of regenerated fibre products...
In this work, the effects of carbon sources and culture media on the production and structural properties of bacterial cellulose (BC) synthesized by Medusomyces gisevii have been studied. The culture medium was composed of different initial concentrations of glucose or sucrose dissolved in 0.4% extract of plain green tea. Parameters of the culture media (titratable acidity...
Cellulose has been developed as an alternative to petrochemical materials. By comparison with refined nanofibers (RCNFs), lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNFs) show particular promise because it is produced from biomass using only mild pretreatment. The mechanical properties of LCNFs depend on the contained lignin. However, the microscopic location of the lignin contained in LCNFs...
This study deals with the development of 3D printable bionanocomposites using poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with ≤ 2% D-lactic acid content and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). The CNFs were extracted from the waste sawdust of Eucalyptus grandis via chemical and mechanical techniques. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the CNFs were thermally stable within the intended...
Light-triggered antimicrobial cellulose surfaces were obtained by the immobilization of a photosensitive phenosafranin dye (PSF) in a hybrid organic–inorganic silsesquioxane polymer applied on handsheets prepared from a standard bleached softwood pulp. These coatings were deposited by polycondensation of methyltriethoxysilane and an alkoxysilyl derivative of phenosafranin (TESPSF...
The present study describes the development of a novel nano gel of Carboxymethyl Cellulose Starch and Alumina (CMC-St/Al2O3) to purify the leach liquor of rare earth elements (REEs) minerals from Fe(III), which is considered the most contaminating metal in the REE liquor. CMC-St/Al2O3 nano gel was recognized by different analytical techniques such as FT-IR, SEM, TEM, X-ray...
Cellulose is an excellent starting material for the construction of bioactive polymers. In the present work, we have synthesized quaternized graft copolymers of cellulose and tested their biological properties. Cellulose was grafted with acrylonitrile in a cerium ion catalyzed reaction. High yield of the grafting reaction, 89%, was achieved. Next, the poly (acrylonitrile) chains...
This work deals with enhancing the rice straw as precursor of cellulose-based nanoparticles in further application in production of nanogels for prolonging the bioactive compound (Carvedilol drug) release time (sustained release), till the release of the drug is continuous and useful, with minimal side effects. The benefit of the investigated nanogels was proved from comparing...
In recent years, the search for alternatives to petroleum derived products, such as plastic films, has become a priority due to the growing depletion of fossil reserves and the pollution of water resources by microplastics, microscopically small plastic particles which are harmful to ocean and aquatic life. Cellulose-based films, e.g., cellophane and cuprophane, have been on the...