The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

https://academic.oup.com/ajcn

List of Papers (Total 9,085)

Effects of dairy compared with soy on oxidative and inflammatory stress in overweight and obese subjects

Background: We recently showed that calcitriol increases oxidative and inflammatory stress; moreover, inhibition of calcitriol with high-calcium diets decreased both adipose tissue and systemic oxidative and inflammatory stress in obese mice, whereas dairy exerted a greater effect. However, these findings may be confounded by concomitant changes in adiposity.

Racial differences in abdominal depot–specific adiposity in white and African American adults

Background: There is increasing interest in understanding racial differences in adiposity in specific body depots as a way to explain differential health risks associated with obesity.

Use of multivitamin supplements in relation to allergic disease in 8-y-old children

Background: Multivitamins are frequently consumed by children, but it is unclear whether this affects the risk of allergic disease.

Complement component 3 polymorphisms interact with polyunsaturated fatty acids to modulate risk of metabolic syndrome

Background: Complement component 3 (C3) is a novel determinant of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Gene-nutrient interactions with dietary fat may affect MetS risk.

A saturated fatty acid–rich diet induces an obesity-linked proinflammatory gene expression profile in adipose tissue of subjects at risk of metabolic syndrome

Background: Changes in dietary fat composition could lower the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Adipose tissue is an interesting tissue in this respect because of its role in lipid metabolism and inflammation.

Eating out of home in Vietnamese adolescents: socioeconomic factors and dietary associations

Background: Out-of-home (OH) eating in developed countries is associated with suboptimal dietary intakes, but evidence is scarce on the situation in developing countries.

Relation between stable isotope ratios in human red blood cells and hair: implications for using the nitrogen isotope ratio of hair as a biomarker of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid

Background: The nitrogen isotope ratio (expressed as δ15N) of red blood cells (RBCs) is highly correlated with the RBC long-chain ω−3 (n–3) fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in Yup’ik Eskimos. Because δ15N can also be measured in hair samples, it could provide a noninvasive, retrospective biomarker for EPA and DHA intakes.

Dietary fat intake and subsequent weight change in adults: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohorts

Background: It is unclear from the inconsistent epidemiologic evidence whether dietary fat intake is associated with future weight change.

A randomized trial on folic acid supplementation and risk of recurrent colorectal adenoma

Background: Evidence from observational studies suggests that inadequate folate status enhances colorectal carcinogenesis, but results from some randomized trials do not support this hypothesis.

Green tea consumption is associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly

Background: Green tea is reported to have various beneficial effects (eg, anti–stress response and antiinflammatory effects) on human health. Although these functions might be associated with the development and progression of depressive symptoms, no studies have investigated the relation between green tea consumption and depressive symptoms in a community-dwelling population.

Mediterranean-style dietary pattern, reduced risk of metabolic syndrome traits, and incidence in the Framingham Offspring Cohort

Background: The benefit of the Mediterranean-style dietary pattern in mitigating metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease has not been well investigated among nondiabetic Americans.

Metabolic evidence of vitamin B-12 deficiency, including high homocysteine and methylmalonic acid and low holotranscobalamin, is more pronounced in older adults with elevated plasma folate

Background: An analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicated that in older adults exposed to folic acid fortification, the combination of low serum vitamin B-12 and elevated folate is associated with higher concentrations of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid and higher odds ratios for cognitive impairment and anemia than the combination of...

Longitudinal study of muscle strength, quality, and adipose tissue infiltration

Background: Sarcopenia is thought to be accompanied by increased muscle fat infiltration. However, no longitudinal studies have examined concomitant changes in muscle mass, strength, or fat infiltration in older adults.

Effect of a dietary intervention and n–3 fatty acid supplementation on measures of serum lipid and insulin sensitivity in persons with HIV

Background: Elevated serum triglyceride and low HDL-cholesterol concentrations have been reported in persons with HIV.

Optimal gestational weight gain ranges for the avoidance of adverse birth weight outcomes: a novel approach

Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) has been shown to be directly associated with birth weight.

Food-based strategies improve iron status in toddlers: a randomized controlled trial

Background: Nonanemic iron deficiency is common in toddlers in developed countries. Food-based strategies are safe methods to control and prevent mild micronutrient deficiencies.

Effect of high-normal compared with low-normal arterial pH on protein balances in automated peritoneal dialysis patients

Background: Although the protein catabolic effects of metabolic acidosis are well established, it is unclear whether the entire reference range of arterial pH (7.37–7.44) is equivalent for protein balance.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry modeling to explain the increased resting energy expenditure associated with the HIV lipoatrophy syndrome

Background: The HIV lipoatrophy syndrome is characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat and is associated with increased resting energy expenditure (REE). Recently, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) modeling of organ-tissue mass combined with specific organ-tissue metabolic rates has been used to gain further insight into the relation of the lean body mass to REE and to better...