Cancer Causes & Control

https://link.springer.com/journal/10552

List of Papers (Total 411)

Statins to mitigate cardiotoxicity in cancer patients treated with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cardiotoxicity affects 5–16% of cancer patients who receive anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab. Limited research has examined interventions to mitigate cardiotoxicity. We examined the role of statins in mitigating cardiotoxicity by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science...

Dietary patterns related to total mortality and cancer mortality in the United States

This study investigated the association between dietary patterns, total mortality, and cancer mortality in the United States. We identified the four major dietary patterns at baseline from 13,466 participants of the NHANES III cohort using principal component analysis (PCA). Dietary patterns were categorized into ‘prudent’ (fruits and vegetables), ‘western’ (red meat, sweets...

Change in mammography screening attendance after removing the out-of-pocket fee: a population-based study in Sweden (2014–2018)

To assess the change in mammography screening attendance in Sweden—overall and in sociodemographic groups at risk of low attendance—after removal of the out-of-pocket fee in 2016. Individual-level data on all screening invitations and attendance between 2014 and 2018 were linked to sociodemographic data from Statistics Sweden. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for...

Theory, methods, and operational results of the Young Women’s Health History Study: a study of young-onset breast cancer incidence in Black and White women

The etiology of young-onset breast cancer (BC) is poorly understood, despite its greater likelihood of being hormone receptor-negative with a worse prognosis and persistent racial and socioeconomic inequities. We conducted a population-based case–control study of BC among young Black and White women and here discuss the theory that informed our study, exposures collected, study...

Challenges related to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake in Minnesota: clinician and stakeholder perspectives

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates among adolescents are increasing in Minnesota (MN) but remain below the Healthy People 2020 goal of 80% completion of the series. The goal of this study was to identify messaging and interventions impacting HPV vaccine uptake in MN through interviews with clinicians and key stakeholders. We conducted semi-structured key participant...

Prostate cancer survival in sub-Saharan Africa by age, stage at diagnosis, and human development index: a population-based registry study

To estimate observed and relative survival of prostate cancer patients in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to examine the influence of age, stage at diagnosis and the Human Development Index (HDI). In this comparative registry study, we selected a random sample of 1752 incident cases of malign prostatic neoplasm from 12 population-based cancer registries from 10 SSA countries...

Leading cancers contributing to educational disparities in cancer mortality in the US, 2017

To inform prevention efforts, we sought to determine which cancer types contribute the most to cancer mortality disparities by individual-level education using national death certificate data for 2017. Information on all US deaths occurring in 2017 among 25–84-year-olds was ascertained from national death certificate data, which include cause of death and educational attainment...

Pre-diagnosis neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and mortality in individuals who develop lung cancer

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a marker of systemic inflammation that has been reported to be associated with survival after chronic disease diagnoses, including lung cancer. We hypothesized that the inflammatory profile reflected by pre-diagnosis NLR, rather than the well-studied pre-treatment NLR at diagnosis, may be associated with increased mortality after lung...

Development and validation of the MARA scale in Spanish to assess knowledge and perceived risks and barriers relating to breast cancer prevention

The aim of this study was to develop a measurement instrument for assessing knowledge of breast cancer and perceived risk of developing the disease (MARA). 641 women with a mean age of 36.19 years (SD = 7.49) participated in the study. Data collection took place during 2019 and included sociodemographic data, data on history of cancer and breast cancer, perceived risk, and...

Medication use and risk of proximal colon cancer: a systematic review of prospective studies with narrative synthesis and meta-analysis

Evidence of differences in the etiology of, and poorer survival from, proximal colon compared to the distal colorectum, necessitates research into its risk factors. This systematic review summarizes the evidence on medication use and proximal colon cancer risk. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for prospective studies investigating nine medication groups, namely non-steroidal anti...

Physical activity in relation to circulating hormone concentrations in 117,100 men in UK Biobank

Physical activity may reduce the risk of some types of cancer in men. Biological mechanisms may involve changes in hormone concentrations; however, this relationship is not well established. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of physical activity with circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG, which modifies sex hormone...

Prostate cancer patients’ self-reported participation in research: an examination of racial/ethnic disparities

We examined prostate cancer patients’ participation in research and associated factors by race/ethnicity in a multiethnic sample. Men with a new diagnosis of prostate cancer were identified through the California Cancer Registry. Patients completed a cross-sectional telephone interview in English, Spanish, Cantonese or Mandarin. Multivariable logistic regression models...

Changes in colorectal cancer knowledge and screening intention among Ohio African American and Appalachian participants: The screen to save initiative

African Americans and Appalachians experience greater incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer due to factors, such as reduced prevalence of screening. An educational session (the Screen to Save Initiative) was conducted to increase intent to screen for colorectal cancer among African Americans and Appalachians in Ohio. Using a community-based approach, from April to...

Risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer: a population-based case–control study in Ontario, Canada

There has been an alarming increase in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence among young adults aged < 50 years, and factors driving this upward trend are unknown. This study investigated associations between various medical, lifestyle, and dietary factors and risk of early-onset CRC (EO-CRC). A population-based case–control study was conducted in Ontario, Canada during 2018–2019. EO...

Be Well Communities™: mobilizing communities to promote wellness and stop cancer before it starts

Increasingly, cancer centers are delivering population-based approaches to narrow the gap between known cancer prevention strategies and their effective implementation. Leveraging successful healthy community initiatives, MD Anderson developed Be Well Communities™, a model that implements evidence-based actions to directly impact people’s lives. In partnership with local...

Trends in Esophageal Cancer Mortality and Stage at Diagnosis by Race and Ethnicity in the United States

Esophageal cancer (EC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Mortality and disease stage at diagnosis are important indicators of improvements in cancer prevention and control. We examined United States trends in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) mortality and stage at diagnosis by race and ethnicity. We used Surveillance...

Staff and participant perceptions of optimal recruitment and retention strategies for biomedical cohort studies in the Caribbean

To identify staff and participants perspectives of best practices that facilitate achieving enrollment and retention targets in biomedical cohort studies in Caribbean populations. Eight focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with research stakeholders including research (i) nurses/study supervisors, (ii) field staff/data collectors, and (iii) rural and urban participants of the...

Risk of breast cancer in relation to dietary intake of selenium and serum selenium as a marker of dietary intake: a prospective cohort study within The Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Selenium has been suggested to be protective against breast cancer, but the evidence remains inconclusive. Hence, it is important to further examine the potential protective effect. This prospective cohort study investigates pre-diagnostic selenium intake in relation to breast cancer risk. In addition, we analyze serum selenium as a marker of dietary intake. This study includes...

Parental occupation and childhood germ cell tumors: a case–control study in Denmark, 1968–2016

To examine associations between parental occupation and childhood germ cell tumors (GCTs) in offspring while distinguishing by common histologic subtype (i.e., yolk sac tumor and teratoma). This population-based case–control study included childhood GCT cases in Denmark diagnosed 1968–2015 (< 16 years old at diagnosis) and sex and birth year-matched controls. Demographic...

Symposium report: breast cancer in India—trends, environmental exposures and clinical implications

Incidence of breast cancer (BC), particularly in young women, are rising in India. Without population-based mammography screening, rising rates cannot be attributed to screening. Investigations are needed to understand the potential drivers of this trend. An international team of experts convened to discuss the trends, environmental exposures, and clinical implications associated...

The implementation of a national paediatric oncology protocol for neuroblastoma in South Africa

The aim of the World Health Organization-International Paediatric Oncology Society is to improve childhood cancer survival in low- and middle-income countries to 60% by 2030. This can be achieved using standardised evidence-based national treatment protocols for common childhood cancers. The aim of the study was to describe the development and implementation of the SACCSG NB-2017...

Birth characteristics and childhood leukemia in Switzerland: a register-based case–control study

Initial genetic alterations in the development of childhood leukemia occur in utero or before conception; both genetic and environmental factors are suspected to play a role. We aimed to investigate the associations between childhood leukemia and perinatal characteristics including birth order, birth interval to older siblings, parental age, birth weight, and multiple birth. We...

Patterns of overall mortality by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status in insured cancer patients in Southern California

We evaluated the influence of race/ethnicity and geocoded socioeconomic status (SES) on all-cause mortality in cancer patients with health insurance. We identified adults diagnosed with eight common cancers from 2009 to 2014 from the California Cancer Registry and followed them through 2017 (8 years maximum). We calculated person-year mortality rates by race/ethnicity and SES...

Incidence rates and contemporary trends in primary urethral cancer

We assessed contemporary incidence rates and trends of primary urethral cancer. We identified urethral cancer patients within Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry (SEER, 2004–2016). Age-standardized incidence rates per 1,000,000 (ASR) were calculated. Log linear regression analyses were used to compute average annual percent change (AAPC). From 2004 to 2016, 1907...