# International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials

## List of Papers (Total 252)

#### Partial Confinement Utilization for Rectangular Concrete Columns Subjected to Biaxial Bending and Axial Compression

The prediction of the actual ultimate capacity of confined concrete columns requires partial confinement utilization under eccentric loading. This is attributed to the reduction in compression zone compared to columns under pure axial compression. Modern codes and standards are introducing the need to perform extreme event analysis under static loads. There has been a number of...

#### Effects of Different Lightweight Functional Fillers for Use in Cementitious Composites

The effects of different lightweight functional fillers on the properties of cement-based composites are investigated in this study. The fillers include fly ash cenospheres (FACs) and glass micro-spheres (GMS15 and GMS38) in various proportions. The developed composites were tested for compressive, flexural and tensile strengths at 10 and 28-day ages. The results indicated that...

#### FRP Confinement of Heat-Damaged Circular RC Columns

To investigate the effectiveness of using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets in confining heat-damaged columns, 15 circular RC column specimens were tested under axial compression. The effects of heating duration, stiffness and thickness of the FRP wrapping sheets were examined. Two specimen groups, six each, were subjected to elevated temperatures of 500 °C for 2 and 3 h...

#### Balanced Ratio of Concrete Beams Internally Prestressed with Unbonded CFRP Tendons

The compression or tension-controlled failure mode of concrete beams prestressed with unbonded FRP tendons is governed by the relative amount of prestressing tendon to the balanced one. Explicit assessment to determine the balanced reinforcement ratio of a beam with unbonded tendons ($$\rho_{pfb}^{U}$$) is difficult because it requires a priori knowledge of the deformed beam...

#### Preliminary Structural Design of Wall-Frame Systems for Optimum Torsional Response

Recent investigations have pointed out that current code provisions specifying that the stiffness of reinforced concrete elements is strength independent, and therefore can be estimated prior to any strength assignment, is incorrect. A strength allocation strategy, suitable for preliminary structural design of medium height wall-frame dual systems, is presented for allocating...

#### Pull-out Strengths of GFRP-Concrete Bond Exposed to Applied Environmental Conditions

This paper presents results of an experimental investigation on the behaviour of bond between external glass fibre reinforced polymer reinforcement and concrete exposed to three different environmental conditions, namely, temperature cycles, wet–dry cycles and outdoor environment separately for extended durations. Single shear tests (pull-out test) were conducted to investigate...

#### Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Limestone, Quartzite and Granite Concrete

Although concrete is a noncombustible material, high temperatures such as those experienced during a fire have a negative effect on the mechanical properties. This paper studies the effect of elevated temperatures on the mechanical properties of limestone, quartzite and granite concrete. Samples from three different concrete mixes with limestone, quartzite and granite coarse...

#### Pore Structure of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Paste and Durability of Concrete in Freeze–Thaw Environment

Mercury intrusion and nitrogen sorption porosimetry were employed to investigate the pore structure of calcium sulfoaluminate ($$C\overline{S} A$$) and portland cement pastes with cement-to-water ratio (w/c) of 0.40, 0.50, and 0.60. A unimodal distribution of pore size was drawn for $$C\overline{S} A$$ cement pastes, whereas a bimodal distribution was established for the...

#### Experimental Verification of Resistance-Demand Approach for Shear of HSC Beams

The resistance-demand approach has emerged as an effective approach for determining the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams. This approach is based on the fact that both the shear resistance and shear demand are correlated with flexural tensile strain from compatibility and equilibrium requirements. The basic shear strength, under a given loading is determined from the...

#### An Analytical Model for FRP Debonding in Strengthened RC Beams under Monotonic and Cyclic Loads

Reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened by externally bonded reinforcement often fail by debonding. This paper presents an experimental and analytical study aimed at better understanding and modeling the fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) debonding failures in strengthened RC beams under monotonic and cyclic loads. In order to investigate the flexural behavior and failure modes...

#### Prediction of Shear Strength for Large Anchors Considering the Prying Effect and Size Effect

An anchorage system is necessary in most reinforced concrete structures for connecting attachments. It is very important to predict the strength of the anchor to safely maintain the attachments to the structures. However, according to experimental results, the existing design codes are not appropriate for large anchors because they offer prediction equations only for small size...

#### Flexural Behavior of Post-tensioned Lightweight Concrete Continuous One-Way Slabs

In this experimental study, six post-tensioned light weight concrete (LWC) continuous one-way slabs were tested in the following manner: the flexural behaviors of the members were compared with the calculations from the existing standards. The test also examined the effect of prestressing in tendons and proper prestress conditions to reduce the deflection and crack width, and to...

#### Comparison of Different Numerical Models of RC Elements for Predicting the Seismic Performance of Structures

This paper aims to provide guidelines for the numerical modeling of reinforced concrete (RC) frame elements in order to assess the seismic performance of structures. Several types of numerical models RC frame elements are available in nonlinear structural analysis packages. Since these numerical models are formulated based on different assumption and theories, the models accuracy...

#### Progressive Collapse of Exterior Reinforced Concrete Beam–Column Sub-assemblages: Considering the Effects of a Transverse Frame

Many experimental studies have evaluated the in-plane behavior of reinforced concrete frames in order to understand mechanisms that resist progressive collapse. The effects of transverse beams, frames and slabs often are neglected due to their probable complexities. In the present study, an experimental and numerical assessment is performed to investigate the effects of...

#### Shear Crack Control for High Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams Considering the Effect of Shear-Span to Depth Ratio of Member

This study tests ten full-size simple-supported beam specimens with the high-strength reinforcing steel bars (SD685 and SD785) using the four-point loading. The measured compressive strength of the concrete is in the range of 70–100 MPa. The main variable considered in the study is the shear-span to depth ratio. Based on the experimental data that include maximum shear crack...

#### Improving Impact Resistance of Polymer Concrete Using CNTs

Polymer concrete (PC) has been favoured over Portland cement concrete when low permeability, high adhesion, and/or high durability against aggressive environments are required. In this research, a new class of PC incorporating Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) is introduced. Four PC mixes with different MWCNTs contents were examined. MWCNTs were carefully dispersed in epoxy...

#### A Study on Mechanical Properties of Porous Concrete Using Cementless Binder

This study evaluated the mechanical characteristics and durability of porous concrete produced with a cementless binder based on ground granulated blast furnace slag (BFS), fly ash (FA) and flue gas desulfurization gypsum (CP). As a result, the void ratio was increased slightly from the target void ratio, by 1.12–1.42 %. Through evaluating the compressive strength, it was found...

#### Effect of Wall Thickness on Thermal Behaviors of RC Walls Under Fire Conditions

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of thickness and moisture on temperature distributions of reinforced concrete walls under fire conditions. Toward this goal, the first three wall specimens having different thicknesses are heated for 2 h according to ISO standard heating curve and the temperature distribution through the wall thickness is measured. Since...

#### Mechanical Properties of Energy Efficient Concretes Made with Binary, Ternary, and Quaternary Cementitious Blends of Fly Ash, Blast Furnace Slag, and Silica Fume

When the energy performance of concrete is substantially higher than that of normal type concrete, such concrete is regarded as energy efficient concrete (WBSCSD 2009). An experimental study was conducted to investigate mechanical properties of energy efficient concrete with binary, ternary and quaternary admixture at different curing ages. Slump test for workability and air...

#### Shear Deformation of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Prestressed Concrete Beams

Steel fiber-reinforced prestressed concrete (SFRPSC) members typically have high shear strength and deformation capability, compared to conventional prestressed concrete (PSC) members, due to the resistance provided by steel fibers at the crack surface after the onset of diagonal cracking. In this study, shear tests were conducted on the SFRPSC members with the test variables of...

#### Structural Performance Evaluation of a Precast PSC Curved Girder Bridge Constructed Using Multi-Tasking Formwork

Recently, advanced transit systems are being constructed to reduce traffic congestions in metropolitan areas. For these projects, curved bridges with various curvatures are required. Many curved bridges in the past were constructed using aesthetically unpleasant straight beams with curved slabs or expensive curved steel box girders with curved slabs. Therefore, many recent...

#### Ultra-High Performance Concrete: Mechanical Performance, Durability, Sustainability and Implementation Challenges

In this study, an extensive literature review has been conducted on the material characterization of UHPC and its potential for large-scale field applicability. The successful production of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) depends on its material ingredients and mixture proportioning, which leads to denser and relatively more homogenous particle packing. A database was...

#### Optimization of Curing Regimes for Precast Prestressed Members with Early-Strength Concrete

Early-strength-concrete (ESC) made of Type I cement with a high Blaine value of 500 m2/kg reaches approximately 60 % of its compressive strength in 1 day at ambient temperature. Based on the 210 compressive test results, a generalized rate-constant material model was presented to predict the development of compressive strengths of ESC at different equivalent ages (9, 12, 18, 24...