Theoretical and Applied Climatology

https://link.springer.com/journal/704

List of Papers (Total 485)

Quantifying future water-saving potential under climate change and groundwater recharge scenarios in Lower Chenab Canal, Indus River Basin

Quantifying water-saving potential (WSP) is crucial for sustainable water resource management in canal command areas and river basins. Previous studies have partially or fully ignored the importance of groundwater in WSP assessments, particularly in irrigated areas. This study is aimed at quantifying WSP in the Lower Chenab Canal (LCC) command area of the Indus River Basin...

Global lead-lag changes between climate variability series coincide with major phase shifts in the Pacific decadal oscillation

We show that there are distinct periods when three ocean variability series in the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans persistently lead or lag each other, as well as distinct periods when ocean variability series lead the rate of changes in global temperature anomaly (∆GTA) and in atmospheric CO2 concentration (1880–2019). The superimposed lead-lag (LL) relations that can be formed...

Analysis, characterization, prediction, and attribution of extreme atmospheric events with machine learning and deep learning techniques: a review

Atmospheric extreme events cause severe damage to human societies and ecosystems. The frequency and intensity of extremes and other associated events are continuously increasing due to climate change and global warming. The accurate prediction, characterization, and attribution of atmospheric extreme events is, therefore, a key research field in which many groups are currently...

Sensitivity of temperature and precipitation characteristics to land use classification over the Taklimakan Desert and surrounding area

The Taklimakan Desert (TD) is the largest desert in China, which has a great influence on the weather and climate in the surrounding oases. To further study the impact of the unique underlying surface and artificial green space of TD on the weather and climate of the desert and its surrounding oases, we selected the winter and summer months to carry out a continuous simulation...

Examining the past 120 years’ climate dynamics of Ethiopia

Climate change is one of the environmental threats around the globe. However, this change is not uniform throughout the world, both spatially and temporally. This study, therefore, examined the spatiotemporal (annual and seasonal) variability and trends of rainfall and temperature over Ethiopia from 1901 to 2020. Monthly rainfall and temperature (maximum, minimum, and mean) data...

Flash drought evaluation using evaporative stress and evaporative demand drought indices: a case study from Awash River Basin (ARB), Ethiopia

Drought is one of the most devastating phenomena that affect the livelihood of most communities in Ethiopia as they have low adaptive capacity. Recent advancements in remote sensing and drought investigations have made it possible to identify a new type of flash drought that has rapid intensification with a short duration (i.e., less than 1 month unlike conventional droughts...

Towards improved seasonal rainfall prediction in the tropical Pacific Islands

The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major influence on interannual variability of rainfall in stations in the tropical southwest Pacific. Predictions of seasonal rainfall, especially a season or two ahead, are of great value to these countries. This paper therefore examines the correlations over ~ 60 years between seasonal rainfall and 8 ENSO indicators at 16 island...

Variability of sampling adjustment factors for extreme rainfall in Germany

The sampling adjustment factor (SAF) can correct the underestimation of fixed time interval maxima (F-Maxima) relative to maxima of moving time windows (M-Maxima) as a direct consequence of temporal discretization of time series. Radar data can help to understand the significance of using moving window aggregation rather than fixed window. Here, we investigate SAFs for two...

Evaluation of snow depth from multiple observation-based, reanalysis, and regional climate model datasets over a low-altitude Central European region

This study evaluates snow depth (SD) from several data sources: a combined satellite-based and in situ snow water equivalent product from the Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS), a dataset constructed from temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity using a snow model (CARPATCLIM), two state-of-the-art reanalyses by ECMWF (ERA5 and ERA5-Land), and Weather Research and...

Analysis of daily rainfall concentration in northeastern Algeria 1980–2012

This ar ticle analyzes the spatial distribution of the values of six daily precipitation concentration indexes in the northeastern part of Algeria. The used indexes were the concentration index (CI) and the Gini index (GI) with the resolution of precipitation amounts 1, 5, and 10 mm. The values of the six indexes are calculated for the period 1980–2012 with 22 stations, and on...

On the statistical distribution of temperature and the classification of extreme events considering season and climate change—an application in Switzerland

With the increased occurrence of hot spells in recent years, there is growing interest in quantifying the recurrence of extreme temperature events. However, pronounced temperature anomalies occur all year round, and a reliable classification in terms of the time of occurrence in the year is needed. In this study, we present a novel approach to classifying daily air temperatures...

Assessment and improvement of RegCM 4.6 coupled with CLM4.5 in simulation of land surface temperature in mainland China

Land surface temperature(LST) is an important indicator to study climate change and test the performance of regional climate model simulation. RegCM4.6 is the representative version of regional climate model RegCM, which is coupled with advanced third-generation land surface model NCAR CLM4.5. Currently, RegCM4.6 has become an important tool to study regional climate change in...

Rainfall disparity at monthly scale on Catalonia (NE Spain): dependence on geographic coordinates, altitude and distance to the Mediterranean coast

The rainfall regime in Catalonia, NE Spain, has a typical Mediterranean behaviour with irregular monthly amounts, sometimes the result of copious and intense torrential episodes for a few months, while for others precipitation is scarce. In addition, the varied topography of this region is related to significant rainfall differences between its different areas. The monthly...

Quantifying uncertainties related to observational datasets used as reference for regional climate model evaluation over complex topography — a case study for the wettest year 2010 in the Carpathian region

Gridded observational datasets are often used for the evaluation of regional climate model (RCM) simulations. However, the uncertainty of observations affects the evaluation. This work introduces a novel method to quantify the uncertainties in the observational datasets and how these uncertainties affect the evaluation of RCM simulations. Besides precipitation and temperature...

Temporal resolution of climate pressures on façades in Oxford 1815–2021

Changes in climate will exert increasing pressure on heritage, so standard climate metrics need to be tuned to heritage threats. Historical meteorological records are commonly available as monthly summaries, with few offering daily observations as daily readings may not have been taken or yet digitised. As data averaged over longer intervals misses short weather events, we...

Future changes in heatwaves characteristics in Romania

The changes in the characteristics of heatwaves over Romania have been analyzed using the excess heat factor calculated for two climate change scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) from the EURO-CORDEX project. The changes were evaluated for the near future (2021–2050) using the historical period (1971–2000) as reference. The frequency of occurrence and the duration of heatwaves is...

What is the link between temperature, carbon dioxide and methane? A multivariate Granger causality analysis based on ice core data from Dome C in Antarctica

This paper continues the work of Kang and Larsson Theoretical and Applied Climatology 116:537–548 (2014) What is the link between temperature and carbon dioxide levels? A Granger causality analysis based on ice core data. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 116:537-548, by adding methane to the study of causality between temperature and carbon dioxide. The data used goes 800,000...

Correlation analysis of agricultural drought risk on wet farming crop and meteorological drought index in the tropical-humid region

In the tropical-humid region, wet farming crops (e.g., paddy) are a common agricultural commodity with a high-water requirement. Usually planted in the Asia monsoon region with a high precipitation rate, these crops are divided into the wet cropping season and the dry cropping season. During the dry cropping season, they are particularly vulnerable to agricultural drought caused...

Toward a ground-based and long-term meteorological forcing dataset for South Korea

The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Application version 2 (MERRA-2) is a well-established reanalysis dataset and is widely used for driving global-scale hydrological models. However, owing to its relatively coarse spatial resolution (0.5°), the capability of MERRA-2 is repeatedly challenged in regional-scale studies, especially for smaller areas of interest. In...

Spatiotemporal variability and trend of rainfall and temperature in Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia

This study aims to investigate spatiotemporal variability, trends, and anomaly in rainfall and temperature in the Sidama region, Ethiopia. The TerraClimate gridded dataset on a monthly time scale for 30 years (1991–2020) with a horizontal resolution of approximately 4 km was used for the study. Trends in annual and seasonal rainfall and temperature were assessed using a...

Application of Boruta algorithms as a robust methodology for performance evaluation of CMIP6 general circulation models for hydro-climatic studies

Regional climate models are essential for climate change projections and hydrologic modelling studies, especially in watersheds that are overly sensitive to changes in climate. Accurate hydrologic model development is a daunting task in data-sparse regions where climate change’s impact on hydrologic and water quality processes is necessary for a well-informed policy decision on...