The Scientific World Journal

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/

List of Papers (Total 29,315)

Adverse Environmental Impact: 30-Year Search for a Definition

Since passage of the Clean Water Act in 1972, there has been a long, unresolved struggle to define a key phrase in Section 316(b) of the act: “adverse environmental impact” (AEI). Section 316(b) requires that the best technology available be used in cooling-water intake structures to minimize AEI due to entrainment and impingement of aquatic organisms. Various attempts were made...

Epithelial Cell-Neutrophil Interactions in the Alimentary Tract: A Complex Dialog in Mucosal Surveillance and Inflammation

Inflammatory diseases of mucosal organs as diverse as the lung, kidney, and intestine, inevitably require the intimate interactions of neutrophils with columnar epithelia. The physiologic consequences of such interactions often determine endpoint organ function, and for this reason, much recent interest has developed in identifying mechanisms and novel targets for the treatment...

Comparison of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Model Development Methods for Prediction of Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Zwalm River Basin in Flanders, Belgium

Modelling has become an interesting tool to support decision making in water management. River ecosystem modelling methods have improved substantially during recent years. New concepts, such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, evolutionary algorithms, chaos and fractals, cellular automata, etc., are being more commonly used to analyse ecosystem databases and to make...

Ecosystem Management and Ecological Modeling

It is the intention of this paper to demonstrate that environmental technology must be supplemented by other tools to be able to solve environmental problems properly. Five cases are used to illustrate the possibilities of ecological engineering, a new engineering field based on ecology, as chemical engineering is based on chemistry. It encompasses restoration of ecosystems...

The Use of Antisense-Mediated Inhibition to Delineate The Role of Inflammatory Agents in The Pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury

Injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) usually lead to a potent and acute inflammatory response[1]. During this period, glia and immune cells respond to chemical cues associated with the debris of lysed neurons, disrupted axons, and a broken blood-brain-barrier by releasing a battery of cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and, interleukin-β (IL-1β) as well...