Intelligent Structural Systems
Shock and Vibration, Vol.
Intelligent Structural Systems, edited by H. S. Tzou and G. L. Anderson. Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, MA, 1992. $169.00, 472 pp.
This book is comprised of 11 chapters written by leading experts in the field. The field of intelligent (smart or adaptive) structures is a rapidly growing one that has great potential for shock and vibration, acoustics and noise, as well as aerospace, automotive, civil, and ship structures and mechatronic systems. Chapter 1, "Introduction to Smart Structures," by G. L. Anderson, A. Crowson, and J. Chandra (Army Research Office), gives a brief introduction to the general subject of smart structures and makes passing mention of some future activities being sponsored by the Department of Defense. There are no equations, illustrations, or references in this chapter. Chapter 2, "Active Piezoelectric Shell Continua," by H. S. Tzou (University of Kentucky), gives a brief history of piezoelectricity and its application to various structural configurations. Lengthy and detailed equations are derived to describe the motion of piezoelectric general shells. The equations are next reduced to the cases of thick and thin plates, shells of revolution, and spherical, cylindrical, and conical shells. Finally, various sensing and control schemes are described. The chapter gives 50 references to the literature. Chapter 3, "Piezoelectric Laminates: Theory and Experiments for Distributed Sensors and Actuators," by C. K. Lee (IBM in San Jose), covers much of the same ground as Chapter 2. However, Chapter 3 is limited to laminated piezoelectric plates and gives much more physical information on experimental apparatus and experimental results. This chapter is concluded with 116 literature references.
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Chapter 4, "Active Control of NITINOL
Reinforced Composite Beam," by A. Baz, S.
Poh, J. Ro, M. Mutua, and J. Gilheany (Catholic
University of America), is concerned with the
physics and mathematics of shape-memory alloy
(NITINOL) as well as a description of experi
ments and presentation of the experimental
results. Applications considered were control of
buckling and flow-induced vibrations. The chap
ter contains 35 figures and 19 references.
Chapter 5, "Electrorheological Fluids-Mate
rials and Applications," by T. G. Duclos, J. D.
Carlson, and M. J. Chrzan (Lord Corp.) and J. P.
Coulter (Lehigh University), is concerned with
the physics and mechanics of electrorheological
fluids as well as their application to pumping de
vices, dampers, engine mounts, and rotary
clutches. Experimental data are presented for a
sandwich beam with metallic facings and an elec
trorheological-fluid core. The chapter contains
15 illustrations and nine references.
Chapter 6, "Piezoelectric Wafers for Reduc
ing the Structure Vibrations," by P. Destuynder,
I. Legrain, L. Castel, and N. Richard (France),
appears to repeat a lot of the material of Chapter
3. However, Chapter 6 places more emphasis on
optimal control issues. The chapter contains 22
illustrations and 13 references.
Chapter 7, "Intelligent Sensor Systems for
Underwater Acoustic Applications" by T. R.
Howarth, V. K. Varadan, and V. V. Varadan
(Pennsylvania State University), discusses in
some depth two types of intelligent underwater
sensors, both of which utilize a piezoelectronic
polymer, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF or
PVF). The first sensor is a surface acoustic wave
device that can determine the flow characteris
tics Oaminar vs. turbulent) of an external bound
ary layer. The second sensor is an active acous
tic control system used to characterize the
external acoustic field in terms of directional
acoustic pressure. Some experimental results are
presented. There are 15 illustrations and 17 refer
ences.
Chapter 8, "Distributed Transducer Design
for Intelligent Structural Components," by J. E.
Hubbard, Jr. and S. E. Burke (Draper Lab. and
MIT), is also concerned with PVF devices. How
ever, here there is more emphasis on design and
control issues but no experimental details. There
are eight figures and 11 references.
Chapter 9, "Optimal Actuator Placement in
Adaptive Precision Trusses," by S. K. Das and
S. Utku (Duke University) and G. S. Chen
and B. K. Wada (Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
CalTech), deals with the theoretical matrix math
ematical analysis for optimization of the location
of actuators on a large truss-type structure. No
results are presented. There are three figures and
12 references.
Chapter 10, "Active Vibration Control ofAxi
ally Moving Continua," by B. Yang (University
of Southern California) and C. D. Mote, Jr. (Uni
versity of California, Berkeley), describes the
on-line active vibration control of axially moving
media, with particular reference to experimental
implementation on a bandsaw. The system de
scribed uses optical sensing and electromagnetic
actuation. Control issues, such as controllability,
observability, stabilization, controller design,
and time delay associated with noncolocated
control, are discussed in fairly detailed fashion.
There are eight figures and 32 references.
Chapter 11, "Model Refinement and Damage
Location for Intelligent Structures," by D. C.
Zimmerman (University of Florida) and S. W.
Smith (University of Kentucky), describes re
cent developments as well as practical issues in
structure identification. Then it gives some nu
merical results for a discrete system and a beam
and experimental results for the beam. There are
eight figures, 12 tables, and 103 references.
This book should be quite useful to either
those just going into the newly emerging field of
intelligent structural systems or those already ac
tive in the field. The information presented is up
to date as of 1991 and the book was copyrighted
in 1992.
Reviewed by:
Dr. Charles W. Bert
School of Aerospace & Mechanical
Engineering
The University of Oklahoma
Norman, OK 73019-0601
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