The Antioxidative, Antiaging, and Hepatoprotective Effects of Alkali-Extractable Polysaccharides by Agaricus bisporus

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Aug 2017

The aim of this work was designed to investigate the antioxidant, antiaging, and hepatoprotective effects of alkali-extractable polysaccharides (AlAPS) and their three purified fractions (AlAPS-1, AlAPS-2, and AlAPS-3) from Agaricus bisporus in D-galactose induced aging mice. For in vitro antioxidant analysis, both AlAPS and its fractions exhibited moderate reducing power, Fe2

A PDF file should load here. If you do not see its contents the file may be temporarily unavailable at the journal website or you do not have a PDF plug-in installed and enabled in your browser.

Alternatively, you can download the file locally and open with any standalone PDF reader:

http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2017/7298683.pdf

The Antioxidative, Antiaging, and Hepatoprotective Effects of Alkali-Extractable Polysaccharides by Agaricus bisporus

The Antioxidative, Antiaging, and Hepatoprotective Effects of Alkali-Extractable Polysaccharides by Agaricus bisporus Shangshang Li,1,2 Juan Li,3 Jianjun Zhang,2 Wenshuai Wang,2 Xiuxiu Wang,2 Huijuan Jing,2 Zhenzhen Ren,2 Zheng Gao,2 Xinling Song,2 Zhiyuan Gong,1 and Le Jia2 1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Wastes Matrix Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan 250100, China 2College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China 3Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China Correspondence should be addressed to Zhiyuan Gong; moc.621@6562yzgds and Le Jia; moc.361@5250elaij Shangshang Li, Juan Li, Jianjun Zhang, and Wenshuai Wang contributed equally to this work. Received 17 March 2017; Revised 22 June 2017; Accepted 6 July 2017; Published 22 August 2017 Academic Editor: Kuttulebbai N. S. Sirajudeen Copyright © 2017 Shangshang Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract The aim of this work was designed to investigate the antioxidant, antiaging, and hepatoprotective effects of alkali-extractable polysaccharides (AlAPS) and their three purified fractions (AlAPS-1, AlAPS-2, and AlAPS-3) from Agaricus bisporus in D-galactose induced aging mice. For in vitro antioxidant analysis, both AlAPS and its fractions exhibited moderate reducing power, Fe2+-chelating activities, and potent scavenging activities on hydroxyl and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The in vivo results demonstrated that the polysaccharides, especially AlAPS-2, showed potential antiaging and hepatoprotective effects by enhancing the antioxidant status, decreasing serum hepatic enzyme activities, and improving the lipid metabolism. This study suggested that the polysaccharides extracted and purified from A. bisporus could be exploited as a potent dietary supplement to attenuate aging and prevent age-related diseases. 1. Introduction It has been reported that the aging, as an inevitable and physiological process in living organism which can induce the gradual loss of body function and increase the probability of age-related diseases including diabetes, cognitive dysfunctions, cancer, stroke, liver failure, atherosclerosis, and Parkinson’s diseases, has become a considerable challenge for health problems and disability in later life [1–5]. Recently, more and more scientists have devoted themselves on finding the mechanism; however, no accurate results are obtained. The most acceptant pathogenesis for explaining the aging process is the free radical theory initially proposed by Harman [6]. Previous literatures have demonstrated that the oxidative stress, induced by overplus of reaction oxygen species (ROS), can attack the cell membrane, nucleic acid, protein, enzymes, and other biomacromolecules by peroxidation, leading to many severe cellular and tissular damage contributing to the dysregulation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways and accelerating the progress of aging [7]. Naturally, the cells and organisms possess antioxidant enzyme systems including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) on controlling the propagation of free radicals, limiting the formation of new free radicals, and removing the excess ROS in cells [8]. In order to reduce the oxidative damage of free radicals, a lot of synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butyl hydroxy anisd (BHA), are widely used clinically and daily on preventing the formation of ROS and delaying the aging progress [9]. Nevertheless, studies have indicated that synthetic antioxidants have potential side-effects including liver damage and carcinogenesis in the long-time use [10]. Urgently, it seems necessary on exploiting natural and safe antioxidants and investigating the antioxidant and antiaging effects against aging progress. Mushrooms, commonly used as traditional, pharmaceutical, and edible drugs/nutraceutical, have been attracting increasing attentions and become a very active domain of research in recent years owing to the physiological benefit to humans [11]. Besides, the mushrooms contain various excellent antioxidants including polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamins, polysaccharides, and carotenoids, which could prevent the ROS-induced damage and reduce the risk of chronic diseases [12]. As the most substance in the mushrooms, the polysaccharides have been isolated and confirmed to have potentially biological properties containing antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, antiaging, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities [13–15], (...truncated)


This is a preview of a remote PDF: http://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2017/7298683.pdf

Shangshang Li, Juan Li, Jianjun Zhang, Wenshuai Wang, Xiuxiu Wang, Huijuan Jing, Zhenzhen Ren, Zheng Gao, Xinling Song, Zhiyuan Gong, Le Jia. The Antioxidative, Antiaging, and Hepatoprotective Effects of Alkali-Extractable Polysaccharides by Agaricus bisporus, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2017, 2017, DOI: 10.1155/2017/7298683