Über antibakterielle Substanzen derCruciferae

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Feb 1949

The aqueous extracts of the seeds of 30 different plants belonging to the family of theCruciferce were investigated as to their antibacterial effect and their content of myrosinase. An antibacterial effect was found only in the extracts of such seeds as contain myrosinase. The aqueous extract of the seeds of several varieties ofCruciferce showed no antibacterial effect in spite of its content of myrosinase.

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Über antibakterielle Substanzen derCruciferae

- Br~ves communications - Brevi comunieazioni V o r k u r z e m 1 h a b e n w i r m i t g e t e i l t , dal3 d e r wlil3rige A u s z u g des R e t t i c h s a m e n s a n t i b a k t e r i e l l w i r k t . D e r V¢irkstoff k o n n t e in e i n h e i t l i c h e r F o r m als ein i m H o c h v a k u u m u n z e r s e t z t d e s t i l l i e r b a r e s ~1 g e w o n n e n w e r d e n ; er ~ m r d e y o n u n s R a p h a n i n g e n a n n t . I m S a m e n l i e g t er in g e b u n d e n e r F o r m v o r u n d w i r d e r s t d u r c h e i n E n z y m in F r e i h e i t g e s e t z t *. D e r P r a e c u r s o r des R a p h a n i n s lieB sich z w a r bis j e t z t n o c h n i c h t isolieren, k o n n t e a b e r a u f I o l g e n d e W e i s e w e i t g e h e n d g e r e i n i g t w e r d e n : D e r g e m a h l e n e R e t t i c h s a m e n w i r d m i t 8 0 % A l k o h o l e x t r a h i e r t , d e r A u s z u g e i n g e d a m p f t , die w~oBrige L6s u n g des R i i c k s t a n d e s m i t B / i c k e r h e f e 10 S t u n d e n v e r g o r e n , z e n t r i f u g i e r t u n d schlieBlich m i t B l e i a z e t a t in d e r b e s c h r i e b e n e n W e i s e 2 b e h a n d e l t . D e r bis z u r Z~thflfissigkeit e i n g e d a m p f t e R f i c k s t a n d d e s bleifreien A u s z u g e s w u r d e m i t M e t h a n o l e x t r a h i e r t , die e r h a l t e n e L 6 s u n g e i n g e d a m p f t u n d d e r R f i c k s t a n d i n s c h o n e n d e r A r t g e t r o c k n e t . D e r P r e c u r s o r tier a n t i b a k t e r i e l l e n S u b s t a n z i s t in C h l o r o f o r m , ~ t h y l - o d e r B u t y l a z e t a t , P e t r o l ~ t h e r , P y r i d i n u n d D i o x a n unI6slich, i n J ~ t h a n o l wenig, in w a s s e r f r e i e m M e t h a n o l mltBig 16slich. D e r G r a d d e r iReinheit d e r P r / i p a r a t e w u r d e d u r c h i h r e n a n t i b a k t e r i e l l e n E f f e k t k o n t r o l l i e r t , d e r e r s t n a c h E i n w i r k u n g des i m R e t t i c h s a m e n e n t h a l t e n e n E n z y m s auft r i t t . Die I s o l i e r u n g des E n z y m s e r f o l g t e - d u r e h w i e d e r h o l t e s F~illen a u s d e m w ~ B r i g e n A u s z u g des S a m e n s m i t 1,5 R a u m t e i l e n A l k o h o l . S e i n e B e s t ~ i n d i g k e i t g e g e n A l k o h o l u n d H i t z e (es w i r d e r s t bei 80 ° i n a k t i v i e r t ) , w e i t e r h i n a u c h a n d e r e c h a r a k t e r i s t i s c h e E i g e n s c h a f t e n 3 lieBen es als M y r o s i n a s e e r k e n n e n . D a s E n z y m verm o c h t e a u s d e m a u f die o b e n b e s c h r i e b e n e W e i s e isol i e r t e n P r a e c u r s o r 2 5 - 3 0 % s e i n e m G e w i c h t e n t s p r e c h e n d e M e n g e n R a p h a n i n f r e i z u s e t z e n . I m L a u f e w e i t e r e r U n t e r s u c h u n g e n h a b e n w i r die S a m e n y o n 29 v e r s c h i e d e n e n , in die F a m i l i e d e r Cruci[erae g e h 6 r e n d e n P f l a n z e n a u f a n t i b a k t e r i e l l e u n d M y r o s i n a s e w i r k u n g g e p r t i f t 4. D e r a n t i b a k t e r i e l l e E f f e k t Die antibakterielle und Myrosinasewirkung des w~6rigen Auszuges yon verschiedenen Samen der Cruci]erae + + o + + + 0 + + + + + + + + + + + + 0 w u r d e bei d e n wABrigen (1:5) A u s z f i g e n m i t Hilfe der HEATLVschen G I a s z y l i n d e r m e t h o d e x a n a u f Agax gei m p f t e n S t a p h y l o k o k k e n geprfift. Die M y r o s i n a s e w u r d e a u s d e n wABrigen A n s z t i g e n m i t t e l s A l k o h o l f ~ l l u n g gew o n n e n , als S u b s t r a t d i e n t e die k o n z e n t r i e r t e w~Brige L b s u n g d e s a u s : R e t t i c h s a m e n i s o l i e r t e n P r a e c u r s o r s . U n s e r e positiven R e s u l t a t e s i n d in d e r T a b e l l e zusamm e n g e f a 0 t . I m S a m e n f o l g e n d e r Cruci[erae k o n n t e w e d e r Myros i n a s e n o c h ein a n t i b a k t e r i e l l e r W i r k s t o f f n a c h g e w i e s e n w e r d e n : Lepidium perfoliatum, L. draba, L. ruderale, L. latifolium, Isatis tinctoria, Sinapis arvensis, Rapistrum perenne, Crambe tatarica, C. maritima, C. cordi/olia, Draba siliquosa, A l y s s u m Arduini, Bunias orientalis. E s ist seit l a n g e m b e k a n n t , dal3 i m S a m e n d e r Cruci[erae Senf61e e n t h a l t e n sind. ~3ber d e n a n t i b a k t e r i e l l e n E f f e k t d e r Senf61e b e r i c h t e t e als e r s t e r K o s s o w l c z ~, der Allylsenf61 als w i r k s a m l a n d . Dies k o n n t e y o n FOTER u n d GOLICK ~ b e s t ~ t i g t w e r d e n . E s i s t s o n d e r b a r , d a b n a c h u n s e r e n U n t e r s u c h u n g e n w e d e r d e r w~iBrige Ausz u g des w e i B e n n o c h d e r d e s s c h w a r z e n Senf61samens a n t i b a k t e r i e l l w i r k t , o b w o h t diese S a m e n i n glykosid i s c h e r B i n d u n g Allyl- bzw. p-Oxy-tolyl-senf614 enth a l t e n . I (...truncated)


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St. Horváth, G. Ivánovics. Über antibakterielle Substanzen derCruciferae, Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 1949, pp. 74-74, Volume 5, Issue 2, DOI: 10.1007/BF02153733