Synthesis and microwave absorption properties of electromagnetic functionalized Fe3O4–polyaniline hollow sphere nanocomposites produced by electrostatic self-assembly

Journal of Nanoparticle Research, Sep 2013

Highly regulated Fe3O4–polyelectrolyte-modified polyaniline (Fe3O4–PE@PANI) hollow sphere nanocomposites were successfully synthesized using an electrostatic self-assembly approach. The morphology and structure of the Fe3O4–PE@PANI nanocomposites were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the as-prepared nanocomposites had well-defined sizes and shapes, and the average size is about 500 nm. The assembly process was investigated. Magnetization measurements showed that the saturation magnetization of the nanocomposites was 38.6 emu g−1. It was also found that the Fe3O4–PE@PANI nanocomposites exhibited excellent reflection loss abilities and wide response bandwidths compared with those of PANI hollow spheres in the range 0.5–15 GHz. The Fe3O4–PE@PANI nanocomposites are, therefore, promising for microwave absorption applications.

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Synthesis and microwave absorption properties of electromagnetic functionalized Fe3O4–polyaniline hollow sphere nanocomposites produced by electrostatic self-assembly

Yao-Feng Zhu 0 1 Qing-Qing Ni 0 1 Ya-Qin Fu 0 1 Toshiaki Natsuki 0 1 0 T. Natsuki Department of Functional Machinery and Mechanics, Shinshu University , Tokida, Ueda 386-8576, Japan 1 Y.-F. Zhu Q.-Q. Ni (&) Y.-Q. Fu Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University , Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China Highly regulated Fe3O4-polyelectrolytemodified polyaniline (Fe3O4-PE@PANI) hollow sphere nanocomposites were successfully synthesized using an electrostatic self-assembly approach. The morphology and structure of the Fe3O4-PE@PANI nanocomposites were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results showed that the as-prepared nanocomposites had well-defined sizes and shapes, and the average size is about 500 nm. The assembly process was investigated. Magnetization measurements showed that the saturation magnetization of the nanocomposites was 38.6 emu g-1. It was also found that the Fe3O4-PE@PANI nanocomposites exhibited excellent reflection loss abilities and wide response bandwidths compared with those of PANI hollow spheres in the range 0.5-15 GHz. The Fe3O4-PE@PANI nanocomposites are, therefore, promising for microwave absorption applications. - Combinations of conducting polymers and inorganic magnetic nanoparticles have recently attracted significant interest because the resultant materials exhibit both conductive and magnetic properties, and take advantage of the properties of both conducting polymers and inorganic nanoparticles. Electromagnetic functionalized conducting polymer nanocomposites have great potential for applications in microwaveabsorbing materials, electrochemical displays, nonlinear optics, and electromagnetic shielding (Shen et al. 2010; Zhou et al. 2011; Kang et al. 1998; Kawaguchi 2000; Gomez-Romero 2001; Zhang and Wan 2003; Marchessault et al. 1992; Fang et al. 2011). Interest in the design and controlled fabrication of materials with specific conducting and magnetic properties, therefore, continues to grow. Polyaniline (PANI), which is an excellent conducting polymer, has been known for more than a century and studied in many fields because of its excellent environmental stability and ease of doping (MacDiarmid 2001). Particularly, PANI-based nanocomposite, the most important material for the twenty-first century, has received special attention owing to their potential wide applications arising from the unique nanofiller-introduced thermal stability, electrochemical, mechanical, magnetic, and dielectric properties (Zhang et al. 2013). For example, grapheme/PANI (Wei et al. 2012a, b), BaTiO3/PANI (Zhang et al. 2013; Zhu et al. 2013), and multi-walled carbon nanotube/PANI (Wei et al. 2013; Gu et al. 2013) for supercapacitors, stealth materials, and environmental remediations have been recently explored and investigated (Wei et al. 2012a, b). As magnetic nanoparticles, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles are mostly investigated among the many magnetic materials owing to their interesting magnetic properties and are easy to synthesize, and have a wide range of potential applications in various fields, such as magnetic recording media, photonic crystals, microwave-absorbing materials, and biomedical applications (Wei et al. 2012a, b; Umare et al. 2010; Zhang et al. 2011; Kim et al. 2008). Recently, various Fe3O4PANI micro/nanostructures have been the focus of research because their properties are different from those of the corresponding bulk forms. Shapecontrolled synthesis of Fe3O4PANI nanocomposites with desired morphologies is, therefore, a hot research topic. Conducting polymer hollow spheres have potential applications in reactors, catalysts, sensors, carriers, combinatorial analytics, and photochemistry (Meier 2000; Shchukin and Sukhorukov 2004; Peyratout and Dahne 2004), and are also promising as ideal microwave resonators because of their special structures, low densities, and light weights. The development of microwave absorbers has been an important technology for eliminating electromagnetic wave pollution. Recently, the demand for various microwave absorbers for commercial and military applications has increased. The preparation of Fe3O4PANI hollow sphere nanocomposites for use as microwave absorbers is, therefore, of interest. In the past few decades, various techniques have been developed for the fabrication of PANI and magnetic nanocomposites, mainly by in situ synthesis of a conjugated polymer via oxidative (Deng et al. 2003) and electrochemical oxidation polymerizations (Bidan et al. 1994). However, most electromagnetic functionalized nanocomposites prepared by these processes typically produce an uncontrolled structure and unpredictable material properties. It is, therefore, important (...truncated)


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Yao-Feng Zhu, Qing-Qing Ni, Ya-Qin Fu, Toshiaki Natsuki. Synthesis and microwave absorption properties of electromagnetic functionalized Fe3O4–polyaniline hollow sphere nanocomposites produced by electrostatic self-assembly, Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2013, pp. 1988, Volume 15, Issue 10, DOI: 10.1007/s11051-013-1988-4