Synthesis of PPy–silver nanocomposites via in situ oxidative polymerization

Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, Jun 2014

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction method. The surface of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) was modified using polyvinylpyrrolidone to make them more compatible with pyrrole. Surface-modified SNPs were dispersed in pyrrole and polymerized via in situ oxidative polymerization technique. The molar ratio of monomer unit to initiator and dopant was 1:1:1 and the weight percent of SNPs in polymer matrix was varied from 1 to 10. The properties of polypyrrole–silver nanocomposites have been characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, thermo-gravimetric analysis and four-probe resistivity meter. All these characterizations indicate that the polypyrrole–silver nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via in situ oxidative polymerization and electrical extent shows suitable conductivity.

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Synthesis of PPy–silver nanocomposites via in situ oxidative polymerization

J Nanostruct Chem Synthesis of PPy-silver nanocomposites via in situ oxidative polymerization Morteza Farkhondekalam Ghadim 0 Amin Imani 0 Gholamali Farzi 0 0 M. F. Ghadim A. Imani G. Farzi (&) Department of Materials and Polymer, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University , P.O. Box 937, Sabzevar , Iran Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction method. The surface of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) was modified using polyvinylpyrrolidone to make them more compatible with pyrrole. Surface-modified SNPs were dispersed in pyrrole and polymerized via in situ oxidative polymerization technique. The molar ratio of monomer unit to initiator and dopant was 1:1:1 and the weight percent of SNPs in polymer matrix was varied from 1 to 10. The properties of polypyrrole-silver nanocomposites have been characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, thermo-gravimetric analysis and four-probe resistivity meter. All these characterizations indicate that the polypyrrole-silver nanocomposite is successfully synthesized via in situ oxidative polymerization and electrical extent shows suitable conductivity. Silver nanoparticles; Polypyrrole; Nanocomposites; Oxidative polymerization Introduction In recent years, the attention in the improvement of inorganic/organic nanocomposites has increased significantly because of a wide range of potential application of these materials [ 1, 2 ]. Among various types of organic compounds, conducting polymers found different applications due to their unique properties. Polypyrrole (PPy) is one of the most promising conducting polymers and received full interests due to its special properties such as high conductivity, simple methods of preparation, stability and good mechanical properties [ 3, 4 ]. The mentioned advantages of PPy lead to wide potential applications in various fields, such as rechargeable and lightweight batteries, drug delivery, membrane separation, supercapacitors, sensors, corrosion protection and electronic and electrochromic devices. The unique properties of metal nanoparticles and conducting polymers result in an increasing motivation in the synthesis of nanocomposite materials containing from finely and homogenously dispersed nanoparticles in conducting polymer matrices [ 5–7 ]. On the other hand, the metal nanoparticles, such as silver and gold, have attracted much attention currently due to their high conductivity, therefore potential applications in technological fields. Particularly, SNPs have applications in catalysis, conductive inks, thick film pastes and adhesives for various electronic components, in photonics and in photography. Therefore, the preparation of composite of PPy and silver can be a fresh contest for investigators. However, one major problem in the synthesis of nanocomposite materials derived from the dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer matrices is the aggregation of nanoparticles. Oxidative polymerization exemplifies a new route to access conducting polymers and nanocomposites with conducting polymers matrices [ 1, 5, 8 ]. It is one of the important green chemistry processes to prepare multifunctional polymers. This method has been widely used to prepare different types of conducting polymers and their different derivatives [ 1, 5, 9–17 ]. The preparation of nanocomposite of PPy and organic nanoparticles becomes a novel challenge for investigators. For examples, Jing et al. [ 1 ] reported effects of hydrogen and electrostatic interaction between SNPs and PPy. Moreover, Lu et al. [ 18 ] informed the synthesis of nanocomposites of inorganic particles and polymer via introducing hydrogen and electrostatic interaction by an in situ polymerization method. In this work, we look forward to synthesizing SNPs via reduction of AgNO3 and PPy–silver nanocomposites were prepared by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. Considering excellent electrical properties of PPy and silver it is expected to obtain excellent final electrical properties for their nanocomposites. The impact of different content of SNPs on the structures and properties of the PPy–silver nanocomposites were deeply discussed by means of their characterization with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Experimental Materials Pyrrole monomer obtained from Merck and was purified in low pressure before using. Ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS), p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA), silver nitrate (AgNO3), tributyl phosphate (TBP) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were purchased from Merck and were used as received. All other chemicals and solvents were from analytical grade and were used without any further purification. Synthesis of hydrophobic silver nanoparticles SNPs were synthesised according to the followin (...truncated)


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Morteza Farkhondekalam Ghadim, Amin Imani, Gholamali Farzi. Synthesis of PPy–silver nanocomposites via in situ oxidative polymerization, Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry, 2014, pp. 101, Volume 4, Issue 2, DOI: 10.1007/s40097-014-0101-6