Composition of essential oils of four Hedychiumspecies from Vietnam

Chemistry Central Journal, Dec 2014

Background Vietnam is a country blessed with many medicinal plants widely used as food and for medicinal purposes, and they contain a host of active substances that contribute to health. However, the analysis of chemical constituents of these plant species has not been subject of literature discussion. Results In this study, the chemical compositions of essential oils of four Hedychium species, obtained by hydrodistillation, were determined by means of gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Individually, α-pinene (52.5%) and β-pinene (31.8%) were present in the leaf oil of Hedychium stenopetalum Lodd., while linalool (45.2%), (E)-nerolidol (8.7%) and α-pinene (5.0%) were identified in the root. The leaf of Hedychium coronarium J. König was characterized by α-pinene (20.0%), linalool (15.8%), 1,8-cineole (10.7%), α-pinene (10.1%) and α-terpineol (8.6%); while α-pinene (23.6%), α-humulene (17.1%) and β-caryophyllene (13.0%) were identified in the root. Hedychium flavum Roxb., gave oil whose major compounds were α-pinene (22.5%), α-humulene (15.7%) and β-caryophyllene (10.4%) in the leaf; α-humulene (18.9%), β-caryophyllene (11.8%) and α-pinene (11.2%) in the stem, as well as α-pinene (21.8%), linalool (17.5%) and 1,8-cineole (13.5%) in the root. The main constituents of Hedychium ellipticum Buch.-Ham. ex Smith were (E)-nerolidol (15.9%), α-pinene (11.8%) and bornyl acetate (9.2%) in the leaf with 1,8-cineole (40.8%), α-pinene (18.3%) and α-pinene (11.0%) occurring in the root. Conclusions Ubiquitous monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were identified as characteristic markers for Hedychium species. This work is of great importance for the evaluation of Hedychium essential oils grown in Vietnam.

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Composition of essential oils of four Hedychiumspecies from Vietnam

Bui Van Thanh Do N Dai Tran D Thang 0 Nguyen Q Binh Luu D Ngoc Anh Isiaka A Ogunwande 0 Faculty of Chemistry, Vinh University , 182-Le Duan, Vinh City, Nghe An Province , Vietnam Background: Vietnam is a country blessed with many medicinal plants widely used as food and for medicinal purposes, and they contain a host of active substances that contribute to health. However, the analysis of chemical constituents of these plant species has not been subject of literature discussion. Results: In this study, the chemical compositions of essential oils of four Hedychium species, obtained by hydrodistillation, were determined by means of gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Individually, -pinene (52.5%) and -pinene (31.8%) were present in the leaf oil of Hedychium stenopetalum Lodd., while linalool (45.2%), (E)-nerolidol (8.7%) and -pinene (5.0%) were identified in the root. The leaf of Hedychium coronarium J. Knig was characterized by -pinene (20.0%), linalool (15.8%), 1,8-cineole (10.7%), -pinene (10.1%) and -terpineol (8.6%); while -pinene (23.6%), -humulene (17.1%) and -caryophyllene (13.0%) were identified in the root. Hedychium flavum Roxb., gave oil whose major compounds were -pinene (22.5%), -humulene (15.7%) and -caryophyllene (10.4%) in the leaf; -humulene (18.9%), -caryophyllene (11.8%) and -pinene (11.2%) in the stem, as well as -pinene (21.8%), linalool (17.5%) and 1,8-cineole (13.5%) in the root. The main constituents of Hedychium ellipticum Buch.-Ham. ex Smith were (E)-nerolidol (15.9%), -pinene (11.8%) and bornyl acetate (9.2%) in the leaf with 1,8-cineole (40.8%), -pinene (18.3%) and -pinene (11.0%) occurring in the root. Conclusions: Ubiquitous monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were identified as characteristic markers for Hedychium species. This work is of great importance for the evaluation of Hedychium essential oils grown in Vietnam. - Background In continuation of our research aimed at the isolation and characterization of volatile constituents of Vietnamese flora [1], we report herein compounds identified in four Hedychium species. The genus Hedychium consists of about 50 species and is one of the most popular genera of Zingiberaceae because of its attractive foliage, diverse and showy flowers, and sweet fragrance [2]. Hedychium stenopetalum C. Lodd., is a potentially one of the tallest of all Hedychium species growing anything up to 3 to 4 m tall with big, bold oblong hairy leaves 810 cm long. This herbaceous plant has spikes of ghost white flowers with faint greenish-yellow tint to the base of the labellum. The stamens are white. The stems are about 3040 cm long. The seeds are pale brown squarish shape 3-4 mm while the root is a thick pinky coloured spreading rhizome. Hedychium stenopetalum has a large natural range from north-eastern India to Guangxi province in China and down into northern Vietnam and Laos [3]. A glycoside, syringetin 3-rhamnoside was isolated from H. stenopetalum [4]. The major compounds in the rhizome essential oils of H. stenopetalum were -pinene, linalool and 1,8-cineole [5]. Hedychium coronarium J. Knig is a perennial growing to 1.5 m (5 ft) by 1 m (3 ft 3in). It is in flower from Aug to October. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs). The seed is aromatic, carminative and stomachic [6]. The root is antirheumatic, excitant and tonic. The ground rhizome is used as a febrifuge. An essential oil from the roots is carminative and has anthelmintic indications [6]. Extracts of H. coronarium have been used for the treatment of inflammation, skin diseases, headache, and sharp pain due to rheumatism in traditional medicine [7]. The plant also possessed analgesic and neuropharmacological [8,9], anti-inflammatory [9], antimicrobial [10,11] and cytotoxic [11] activities. Phytochemical investigation revealed the isolation of labdane-type diterpenes coronarins G-I [7] as well as hedychicoronarin, peroxycoronarin D, 7-hydroxycalcaratarin A and (E)7-hydroxy-6-oxo-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial which have potential anti-inflammatory benefits [12]. A diterpene named isocoronarin-D was also isolated from sample collected in Nepal [13]. In addition, a diterpenoid Galanal B, known for the regulation of blood glucose levels [14], benzoyl eugenol and ethoxy coronarin D [15], cytotoxic coronarin D [16], cytotoxic diterpenoids and diarylheptanoid [17] and hepatoprotective constituents [18] were the other notable compounds present in the plant. The chemical constituents of essential oils of various parts of H. coronarium have been documented with many chemotypic forms [19-34]. Hedychium ellipticum Buch.-Ham. ex Smith., is a fully hardy perennial semi-evergreen rhizome with cream and white flowers in late Summer, early Autumn and mid Summer. It grows well in semi-shade, and prefers high levels of water. The flowers are arranged in a umbelliform cyme inflorescence with orange pollen [35 (...truncated)


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Bui Van Thanh, Do N Dai, Tran D Thang, Nguyen Q Binh, Luu D Ngoc Anh, Isiaka A Ogunwande. Composition of essential oils of four Hedychiumspecies from Vietnam, Chemistry Central Journal, 2014, pp. 54, Volume 8, Issue 1, DOI: 10.1186/s13065-014-0054-3