Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish adults of the HAPIEE study

European Journal of Nutrition, Feb 2016

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between total and individual classes and subclasses of dietary polyphenol intake and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Polish arm of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe cohort study. Methods A cross-sectional population-based survey including 8821 adults (51.4 % female) was conducted in Kraków, Poland. Dietary polyphenol intake was evaluated using food frequency questionnaires and matching food consumption data with the Phenol-Explorer database. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation definition. Linear and logistic regression models were performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Results Significant differences in age and energy intake among different categories of total dietary polyphenol intake were found. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, and triglycerides were significantly lower among individuals in the higher quartiles of polyphenol intake, but a linear association was found only for BMI and WC. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, individuals in the highest quartile of polyphenol intake were less likely to have MetS (OR 0.80; 95 % CI 0.64, 0.98 and OR 0.70; 95 % CI 0.56, 0.86 for both men and women, respectively). High total polyphenol intake was negatively associated with WC, blood pressure, high lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides in women, and fasting plasma glucose in both genders. Among individual classes of polyphenols, phenolic acids and stilbenes were significantly associated with MetS; lignans and stilbenes with WC; phenolic acids with blood pressure and triglycerides; and flavonoids with fasting plasma glucose. Among specific subclasses of polyphenols, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols, and dihydrochalcones had the most relevant role. Conclusions Total and individual classes and subclasses of dietary polyphenols were inversely associated with MetS and some of its components.

A PDF file should load here. If you do not see its contents the file may be temporarily unavailable at the journal website or you do not have a PDF plug-in installed and enabled in your browser.

Alternatively, you can download the file locally and open with any standalone PDF reader:

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00394-016-1187-z.pdf

Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish adults of the HAPIEE study

Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish adults of the HAPIEE study Giuseppe Grosso 0 Urszula Stepaniak 0 Agnieszka Micek 0 Denes Stefler 0 Martin Bobak 0 Andrzej Paja˛k 0 0 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London , London , UK 1 Giuseppe Grosso Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between total and individual classes and subclasses of dietary polyphenol intake and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the Polish arm of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe cohort study. Methods A cross-sectional population-based survey including 8821 adults (51.4 % female) was conducted in Kraków, Poland. Dietary polyphenol intake was evaluated using food frequency questionnaires and matching food consumption data with the Phenol-Explorer database. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation definition. Linear and logistic regression models were performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Results Significant differences in age and energy intake among different categories of total dietary polyphenol intake were found. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, and triglycerides were significantly lower among individuals in the higher quartiles Dietary polyphenols; Flavonoids; Phenolic acids; Stilbenes; Lignans; Metabolic syndrome; Blood pressure; Waist circumference; Dyslipidemia; Hyperglycemia - 1 Integrated Cancer Registry of Catania-Messina-Siracusa-Enna, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Via S. Sofia 85, 95123 Catania, Italy Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland of polyphenol intake, but a linear association was found only for BMI and WC. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, individuals in the highest quartile of polyphenol intake were less likely to have MetS (OR 0.80; 95 % CI 0.64, 0.98 and OR 0.70; 95 % CI 0.56, 0.86 for both men and women, respectively). High total polyphenol intake was negatively associated with WC, blood pressure, high lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides in women, and fasting plasma glucose in both genders. Among individual classes of polyphenols, phenolic acids and stilbenes were significantly associated with MetS; lignans and stilbenes with WC; phenolic acids with blood pressure and triglycerides; and flavonoids with fasting plasma glucose. Among specific subclasses of polyphenols, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols, and dihydrochalcones had the most relevant role. Conclusions Total and individual classes and subclasses of dietary polyphenols were inversely associated with MetS and some of its components. Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition characterized by a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, including impaired glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and abdominal obesity [ 1 ]. The prevalence of MetS has increased over the last decades up to 30 % among European adults together with rise of obesity trends [ 2 ]. MetS has become a major worldwide public health problem due to its association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancers related to metabolic impairment [ 3 ]. Among the main determinants, sedentary lifestyle and overnutrition seem to be mostly responsible for this pathological condition [ 4 ]. However, existing knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms associated to MetS is controversial and not uniformly accepted. Findings from current evidence agree that the complex interplay between adipokines and adipocytokines characterizing obesity status occurring in MetS leads to a chronic low-grade inflammation with permanently increased oxidative stress [ 5 ]. Overexpression of oxidative stress damages cellular structures, associated with underproduction of antioxidant mechanisms, which are supposed to be key features for the development of obesity-related complications [ 5 ]. This may explain why plant-based dietary patterns have been demonstrated to protect against MetS and its individual components [ 6, 7 ]. Together with a decreased caloric intake, high consumption of antioxidant compounds has been hypothesized to play an important role in preventing this pathological condition [ 8–10 ]. Polyphenols are antioxidant compounds contained in foods and beverages commonly consumed by humans. These compounds are divided into five main classes according to their chemical structure: flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, lignans, and others [ 11 ]. Recently, polyphenol consumption has been the focus of attention as an attractive explanation for the benefits conferred not only by plant foods, but also beverage, such as coffee, tea, and beer [ 4, 12–16 ]. Several experimental studies provided the biological plausibility for their potential role in preventing components of MetS [ 17–20 ]. Polyphenols have (...truncated)


This is a preview of a remote PDF: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00394-016-1187-z.pdf

Giuseppe Grosso, Urszula Stepaniak, Agnieszka Micek, Denes Stefler, Martin Bobak, Andrzej Pająk. Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish adults of the HAPIEE study, European Journal of Nutrition, 2017, pp. 1409-1420, Volume 56, Issue 4, DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1187-z