Evaluation of measurement properties of self-administered PROMs aimed at patients with non-specific shoulder pain and “activity limitations”: a systematic review

Qual Life Res Evaluation of measurement properties of self-administered PROMs aimed at patients with non-specific shoulder pain and ''activity limitations'': a systematic review M. Thoomes-de Graaf 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 G. G. M. Scholten-Peeters 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 J. M. Schellingerhout 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A. M. Bourne 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 R. Buchbinder 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 M. Koehorst 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C. B. Terwee 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A. P. Verhagen 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 M. Koehorst 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 J. M. Schellingerhout 1 Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute , Suite 41, 183 Wattletree Rd, Malvern, Melbourne, VIC 3144 , Australia 2 G. G. M. Scholten-Peeters 3 Het Huisartsenteam De Keen , Voorsteven 88, 4871 DX Etten-Leur , The Netherlands 4 SOMT Institute for Master Education in Musculoskeletal Therapies , Softwareweg 5, 3821 BN Amersfoort , The Netherlands 5 & M. Thoomes-de Graaf 6 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, The Alfred Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , 99 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004 , Australia 7 Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam , Van der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT Amsterdam , The Netherlands 8 Department of General Practice, Erasmus Medical Centre , Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam , The Netherlands 9 Research Group Diagnostics, Avans University of Applied Science , Hogeschoollaan 1, 4818 CR Breda , The Netherlands 10 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center , Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam , The Netherlands Objective To critically appraise and compare the measurement properties of self-administered patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) focussing on the shoulder, assessing ''activity limitations.'' Study design Systematic review. The study population had to consist of patients with shoulder pain. We excluded postoperative patients or patients with generic diseases. The methodological quality of the selected studies and the results of the measurement properties were critically appraised and rated using the COSMIN checklist. Results Out of a total of 3427 unique hits, 31 articles, evaluating 7 different questionnaires, were included. The SPADI is the most frequently evaluated PROM and its measurement properties seem adequate apart from a lack of information regarding its measurement error and content validity. Conclusion For English, Norwegian and Turkish users, we recommend to use the SPADI. Dutch users could use either the SDQ or the SST. In German, we recommend the DASH. In Tamil, Slovene, Spanish and the Danish languages, the evaluated PROMs were not yet of acceptable validity. None of these PROMs showed strong positive evidence for all measurement properties. We propose to develop a new shoulder PROM focused on activity limitations, taking new knowledge and techniques into account. - The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) have described the widely accepted definition of functional health status in terms of ‘‘impairments,’’ ‘‘activity limitations,’’ and ‘‘participation restrictions’’ [1–3]. For patients with shoulder pain, one of the most important consequences in terms of their health is ‘‘activity limitations’’ [4]. As such, health-related patientreported outcome measures (PROMs) that assess perceived ‘‘activity limitations’’ are useful in terms of assessing the physical impairment in patients with shoulder pain. Several PROMs focusing on the shoulder have been developed to measure ‘‘activity limitations’’ in patients with shoulder pain. Examples of these include the Shoulder Disability Questionnaire (SDQ) [5] and the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) [6]. Furthermore, the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire (DASH) is also often used for patients with shoulder pain [7]. There is a great variety in PROMs focusing on patients with shoulder pain. Some PROMs, such as the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon questionnaire (ASES), include a physical examination component, while others are completely self-administered. Other PROMs are specifically designed for a subgroup of patients, such as the wheelchair user’s shoulder pain index (WUSPI), which is specifically designed for wheelchair users. Several systematic reviews have evaluated the measurement properties of shoulder-specific PROMS. A systematic review which included studies until 2002 found that none of the included 16 PROMs demonstrated satisfactory results for all measurement properties, but overall, the DASH received the best ratings [8]. Another review that assessed the measurement properties of four commonly used shoulder PROMs concluded that none of the questionnaires was superior or could be recommended over the other [9]. A recent review, specifically focused on pat (...truncated)