Advances in Valveless Piezoelectric Pump with Cone-shaped Tubes

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, May 2017

This paper reviews the development of valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tube chronologically, which have widely potential application in biomedicine and micro-electro-mechanical systems because of its novel principles and deduces the research direction in the future. Firstly, the history of valveless piezoelectric pumps with cone-shaped tubes is reviewed and these pumps are classified into the following types: single pump with solid structure or plane structure, and combined pump with parallel structure or series structure. Furthermore, the function of each type of cone-shaped tubes and pump structures are analyzed, and new directions of potential expansion of valveless piezoelectric pumps with cone-shaped tubes are summarized and deduced. The historical argument, which is provided by the literatures, that for a valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes, cone angle determines the flow resistance and the flow resistance determines the flow direction. The argument is discussed in the reviewed pumps one by one, and proved to be convincing. Finally, it is deduced that bionics is pivotal in the development of valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes from the perspective of evolution of biological structure. This paper summarizes the current valveless piezoelectric pumps with cone-shaped tubes and points out the future development, which may provide guidance for the research of piezoelectric actuators.

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Advances in Valveless Piezoelectric Pump with Cone-shaped Tubes

Advances in Valveless Piezoelectric Pump with Cone-shaped Tubes Jian-Hui Zhang 0 1 2 3 Ying Wang 0 1 2 3 Jun Huang 0 1 2 3 Valveless Cone-shaped 0 1 2 3 0 College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou University , Guangzhou 510006 , China 1 Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51375227, 51605200) and Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. BK20150518) 2 Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , China 3 College of Mechanical and Electrical Technology, Taizhou Polytechnic College , Taizhou 225300 , China This paper reviews the development of valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tube chronologically, which have widely potential application in biomedicine and micro-electro-mechanical systems because of its novel principles and deduces the research direction in the future. Firstly, the history of valveless piezoelectric pumps with cone-shaped tubes is reviewed and these pumps are classified into the following types: single pump with solid structure or plane structure, and combined pump with parallel structure or series structure. Furthermore, the function of each type of cone-shaped tubes and pump structures are analyzed, and new directions of potential expansion of valveless piezoelectric pumps with cone-shaped tubes are summarized and deduced. The historical argument, which is provided by the literatures, that for a valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes, cone angle determines the flow resistance and the flow resistance determines the flow direction. The argument is discussed in the reviewed pumps one by one, and proved to be convincing. Finally, it is deduced that bionics is pivotal in the development of valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes from the perspective of evolution of biological structure. This paper summarizes the current valveless piezoelectric pumps with cone-shaped tubes and points out the future development, which may provide guidance for the research of piezoelectric actuators. Piezoelectric pump tube; Bionics 1 Introduction In 1993, Swedish scientists Stemme et al [1], published the paper entitled ‘‘A valveless diffuse/nozzle-based fluid pump’’. It marked the birth of the first non-rotary pump without any movable valve body driven by piezovibrators, which is invented based on the dynamic passive valve presented by Smith [2]. The proposed pump consists of a diffuser, a nozzle and a piezoelectric vibrator, where the diffuser and the nozzle are mounted below the pump chamber as inlet and outlet of pump, and the piezoelectric vibrators are used as driving source to generate reciprocating change of volume in pump chamber. Along flow direction, the tube whose crosssection broadens is defined as the diffuser tube, while the one whose cross-section tapers off is defined as the nozzle tube. The two aforementioned flow tubes are collectively named cone-shaped tubes by their shape. Hence, the valveless piezoelectric pump encompassing these tubes is known as valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes. The appearance of the valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes influences directly the classification of pumps. The conventional volume-type reciprocating pump is divided into the pumps using valve, but the cone-shaped tube pump does not have any valve from a common sense perspective. And in the definition of non-rotary pump, the valveless concept was thus generated. The emergence of the valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes also manifests the discovery of a novel driving source, piezoelectric vibrator, which can convert electric energy into mechanical strain energy of piezoelectric ceramic, and then transfer the mechanical strain into kinetic or potential energy of fluid through pump chamber and cone-shaped tube. This pump breaks through the banal definition of conventional pump and driving source, and eliminates the maladjustment between conventional pump and new driving source, as well as between new function and old principle [3]. It is like a spring breeze blowing into the traditional industry of pump. Unlike the situation in a conventional pump with valve(s) and vibrator(s), no compromise should be made in the valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes because the cone-shaped tube with dynamic unidirectional character matches the driving source, piezoelectric vibrator, surprisingly well. Thanks to the facts that the driving source matches channel and the pump structure adapts its function, the valveless piezoelectric pump with cone-shaped tubes becomes competitive in the fields of bio-engineering, micro/nano manufacturing and micro/nano driving [4–9], thus attracting much attention of researchers. According to our retrieve data using ‘‘piezoelectric pump’’ as a key word, there are nearly 1400 papers available, of which the papers about the valveless pump with cone-shaped tubes accounts (...truncated)


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Jian-Hui Zhang, Ying Wang, Jun Huang. Advances in Valveless Piezoelectric Pump with Cone-shaped Tubes, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, pp. 766-781, Volume 30, Issue 4, DOI: 10.1007/s10033-017-0151-z