Mental health literacy survey of non-mental health professionals in six general hospitals in Hunan Province of China
July
Mental health literacy survey of non-mental health professionals in six general hospitals in Hunan Province of China
Qiuxia Wu 0 1
Xiaoyang Luo 1
Shubao Chen 0 1
Chang Qi 0 1
Jiang Long 0 1
Yifan Xiong 0 1
Yanhui Liao 0 1
Tieqiao Liu 0 1
0 Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province , Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China, 2 Female Psychiatric Ward , the First Psychiatric Hospital of Hengyang City , Hengyang, Hunan , People's Republic of China, 3 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Science Research Institute, Universit e Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
1 Editor: Xiang Yang Zhang, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Cancer Therapy and Research Center at Houston , UNITED STATES
Mental illness has brought great economic burden related to misdiagnosis by non-mental health professionals in general hospitals. The aim of this study was to explore non-mental health professionals' conceptions related to the identification of mental illness and perceived treatments, first aid and prognosis. In 2014±2015, we presented 1123 non-mental health professionals from six general hospitals in Hunan Province with one of three vignettes describing a person with schizophrenia, depression, or generalized anxiety disorder. Identification rates, beliefs about various interventions, best methods, and the prognosis with or without treatment were measured.
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Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are
within the paper and its Supporting Information
files.
Funding: This research was jointly funded by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China
(grant no. 81371465) and the Provincial Natural
Science Foundation of Hunan (grant no.
2015JJ2180). The funders had no role in study
Background
Methods
Results
Less than 60% of the non-mental health professionals could identify the mental disorders
correctly. Psychiatrists and psychologists were considered to be the people who would be
most helpful in all vignettes. Over 70% of participants identified the correct medication for
each vignette. Participants gave higher ratings to lifestyle interventions than to
psychological and medical interventions, especially in the depression and generalized anxiety disorder
vignettes. For the question about how the person could best be helped, about half of the
participants rated listening or talking with the person more highly than accompanying the
person to professional help or encouraging the person to visit a psychiatrist or psychologist.
Participants believed that, with professional help, the people in the vignettes would fully recover but that problems would probably reoccur and that, without professional help, the people described would get worse.
design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors have declared
that no competing interests exist.
Conclusions
The beliefs that non-mental health professionals hold about mental disorders are inade
quate to provide appropriate help. There is an urgent need for mental health education
campaigns to improve non-mental health professionals' mental health knowledge in mainland
China in order to provide better support for mental health service users.
Introduction
Mental health has always been a challenging public health issue. Mental and substance disor
ders accounted for 6.6% of global disability-adjusted life years and 18.9% of global years lived
with disability, making them among the leading causes of the non-communicable disease
burden in 2015 [
1,2
]. In 2013, the total expenditure of mental disorders accounted for over 15% of
the total health expenditure in mainland China and for 1.1% of gross domestic product [3].
With the rapid development of the economy and of society, common mental disorders (e.g.
anxiety disorder and depression) and psychological behavioral disorders are increasing,
leading to severe challenges in mental health work in mainland China. Mental health service
resources are insufficient and unevenly distributed. According to the 2015±2020 National
Mental Health Work Plan of China there were 1650 specialized mental health institutions,
228,000 psychiatric beds with an average of 1.71 for 100,000 population (4.36 for 100,000
population globally) and over 20,000 psychiatrists nationally; most of these resources were
distributed at the provincial or municipal levels, and a community-based rehabilitation system for
mental disorders has not yet been established [
4
]. The public's awareness of anxiety,
depression, and other common mental disorders, as well as about psychological behavioral problems,
is poor. Because of the obvious social biases and stigma towards mental illnesses, most mental
healt (...truncated)