Investigational Model to Generate Aggregate Value in Eco-sustainable Housing Development
European Scientific Journal February 2018 edition Vol.14
Investigational Model to Generate Aggregate Value in Eco-sustainable Housing Development
Ernesto Adrian Diaz Montagner 0
Juan Carlos Perez Garcia 0
0 Interdisciplinary Center for Postgraduate Studies and Research Graduate School of Strategic Planning and Technology Management Universidad Popular Autonoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP) , Mexico
Purpose - Conventional materials and procedures in worldwide construction sector is a paradigm that requires change. Constructors usually do not take the adventure of testing novel techniques and materials in their construction projects and, as a result, profits are usually given in terms of time and cost savings. The purpose of this article is to introduce a model to add aggregate value in eco-sustainable dwelling construction through ecological sustainable value chain and hypothesis settlement. Design/methodology/approach - A review of the literature was done in databases using keywords. The selection of sources includes scientific articles and case studies based on different methods and contexts which were carried out. Findings - The findings suggest the implementation of the training of both the employee who works in the construction and the client regarding selfsustainable construction. A significant improvement was obtained based on the commercial relations of suppliers, the client, and also with the construction company. Finally, innovation in at least one of the six proposed aspects was carried out: new technologies, including eco-technologies, the quality of materials (including the eco-sustainable ones), the segmentation of the demand for eco-sustainable housing and its new ways of marketing and financing. They were, however, proposed for added value generation for the development of eco-sustainable housing. Originality/value - A model for the generation of added value in the construction of eco-sustainable housing was elaborated based on the relationships between human and relational capital, training, and the generation of aggregate value.
Aggregate value; eco-sustainable housing; value generation
Introduction
The construction sector worldwide with traditional procedures and
materials is a paradigm that requires change
(Isunza & Dávila, 2011)
. Builders
usually do not venture trying new techniques and materials in their
construction projects and, although significant innovations have been made
recently in terms of materials and construction procedures, instead of
improving sustainability, their benefits usually occur in terms of time savings
and project costs reduction
(Bueno & Rossignolo, 2011)
. From their point of
view, buildings are built with the overall objective of generating economic
benefits, leaving aside the welfare and health of the users as some of the
construction materials commonly used are related to health disorders
(Villa,
2009)
.
The lack of sustainability in civil projects is a problem of considerable
dimensions. In agreement with the International Energy Agency (IEA) in
developing countries by 2030, 1.4 billion people will lack access to electricity,
2.6 billion people will be consuming traditional biomass for their basic heating
and cooking needs, and 1.5 million people - most of them women and
childrenwould have died prematurely due to in house air pollution and fires (IEA,
2015).
Housing in marginalized and vulnerable areas has been neglected by
the official bodies responsible for supporting its inhabitants. Support policies
have been characterized by their inefficiency and lack of continuity, ignoring
the complexity of local needs and customs
(Re et al., 2004)
. Building costs in
marginalized areas are affected by low demand, population dispersion, and
inadequate road infrastructure (GEA, 2010). In marginalized areas, poverty
reaches 53.3% of households, 70% of the Economically Active Population
(EAP) is informal, 60.8% of the total population is considered in heritage
poverty, and 47% of population lives in housing without legal possession. On
the other hand, in regards to the origin of the resources in acquiring their home,
0.72% of these households were purchased through a loan from the state,
0.68% by a bank, and 88.7% was built with its own resources. Regarding
selfconstruction, 48% of these dwellings were built by an owner’s relative (GEA,
2010).
Worldwide, buildings, and construction activities consume around
3,000 million tons of raw materials, which is 40% of the total raw materials
yearly consumed on the planet
(Hussain & Kamal, 2015)
. Construction
industry consumes about 25% of wood extraction worldwide, 40% of stone,
sand and gravel, and 16% of water. It generates 50% of greenhouse effect
gases (GHG) and acid rain causing agents (idem).
Additionally, energy consumed for the extraction, transport,
manufacture of building materials and assembly of structures, makes
construction industry to be responsible for the highest contribution to global
warmi (...truncated)