The prevalence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) varies across countries, with limited information available on its epidemiology in China. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence, time trends, and perinatal outcomes of CDH in China, as well as its associated malformations and potential associations with maternal and infant characteristics. This study included all...
Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) is a serious disease in infants, and it usually evolves to other epilepsy types or syndromes, especially refractory or super-refractory focal epilepsies. Although adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is one of the first-line and effective treatment plans for IESS, it has serious side effects and is not sufficiently effective. A...
Surgery plays an important role in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Perioperative complications may impact the course of neuroblastoma treatment. To date, comprehensive analyses of complications and risk factors have been lacking. Patients with retroperitoneal neuroblastoma undergoing tumor resection were retrospectively analyzed between 2014 and 2021. The data collected included...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading global cause of respiratory infections and is responsible for about 3 million hospitalizations and more than 100,000 deaths annually in children younger than 5 years, representing a major global healthcare burden. There is a great unmet need for new agents and universal strategies to prevent RSV infections in early life. A...
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is generally considered to be more frequent in males than in females. However, it is not known whether sex differences in ROP affect all degrees of the condition, are global and have changed as neonatology has developed. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies addressing sex differences in the risk of developing ROP...
Hypothalamus hamartomas (HHs) are rare, congenital, tumor-like, and nonprogressive malformations resulting in drug-resistant epilepsy, mainly affecting children. Gelastic seizures (GS) are an early hallmark of epilepsy with HH. The aim of this study was to explore the disease progression and the underlying physiopathological mechanisms of pathological laughter in HH. We obtained...
Since 2010, most tertiary care hospitals in Australia have changed how they care for extremely premature infants. However, in-hospital and longer-term outcome data have suggested unchanged or even worse health outcomes in later epochs, especially respiratory outcomes. This study examined the trend in outcomes since these changes were introduced, particularly the prevalence of...
Liver transplantation is the main treatment for cholestatic liver disease and some metabolic liver diseases in children. However, no accurate prediction model to determine the survival probability of grafts prior to surgery exists. This study aimed to develop an effective prognostic model for allograft survival after pediatric liver transplantation. This retrospective cohort...
There is no appropriate tool to predict recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) response before therapy initiation in short-stature children in late puberty. The current study aimed to explore the associations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) stages of the knee growth plates and rhGH response in short-stature children in late puberty. In this prospective cohort study...
Pediatric antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a life-threatening systemic vasculitis featured by liability to renal involvement. However, there are few studies on the risk factors and predictive models for renal outcomes of AAV in children. Data from 179 AAV children in multiple centers between January 2012 and March 2020 were collected...
This study aimed to identify survival risk factors in Chinese children with hepatoblastoma (HB) and assess the effectiveness of the new treatment protocol proposed by the Chinese Children’s Cancer Group (CCCG) in 2016. A multicenter, prospective study that included 399 patients with HB from January 2015 to June 2020 was conducted. Patient demographics, treatment protocols, and...
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Children with TOF would be confronted with neurological impairment across their lifetime. Our study aimed to identify the risk factors for cerebral morphology changes and cognition in postoperative preschool-aged children with TOF. We used mass spectrometry (MS) technology to assess the levels of...
A more comprehensive assessment of growth and nutrition in children is required in China due to rapid socioeconomic processes. We aimed to investigate height and body mass index (BMI) trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and the prevalence of stunting and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese cities. A total of 904,263 children from birth to 6.9 years were collected from a series...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants is a global health priority. We aimed to investigate the common manifestations of RSV infection by age group and human development index (HDI) level and to assess its association with the development of wheezing and recurrent wheezing illness. We searched the literature published between January 1, 2010 and June 2, 2022 in...
Epidemiological studies examining the direct and indirect effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on offspring early childhood developmental vulnerability are lacking. Therefore, the aims of this study were to estimate the direct and indirect effects of GDM (through preterm birth) on early childhood developmental vulnerability. We conducted a retrospective population-based...
The clinical manifestations of nonclassical 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency are very similar to those of non-classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency. For this study, we investigated the relationship between the clinical and molecular features of congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency and reviewed the related literature, which are expected to provide...
There is little information about neonatal follow-up programs (NFUPs) in China. This study aimed to conduct a survey of hospitals participating in the Chinese Neonatal Network (CHNN) to determine the status of NFUPs, including resources available, criteria for enrollment, neurodevelopmental assessments, and duration of follow-up. We conducted a descriptive study using an online...
Macrophages are involved in various immune inflammatory disease conditions. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of macrophages in regulating acute intestinal injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). CD68, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), cysteine aspartate-specific protease-1...
The aim of this study was to review current delivery room (DR) resuscitation intensity in Chinese tertiary neonatal intensive care units and to investigate the association between DR resuscitation intensity and short-term outcomes in preterm infants born at 24+0–31+6 weeks’ gestation age (GA). This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. The source population was infants born...