Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR) is one of the most common congenital digestive tract malformations and can cause stubborn constipation or gastrointestinal obstruction after birth, causing great physical and mental pain to patients and their families. Studies have shown that more than 20 genes are involved in HSCR, and most cases of HSCR are sporadic. However, the overall rate of...
Owing to complex treatment, critically ill children may experience alterations in their vital parameters. We investigated whether such hemodynamic alterations were temporally and causally related to drug therapy. In a university pediatric intensive care unit, we retrospectively analyzed hemodynamic alterations defined as values exceeding the limits set for heart rate (HR) and...
Newborn screening (NBS) is an important and successful public health program that helps improve the long-term clinical outcomes of newborns by providing early diagnosis and treatment of certain inborn diseases. The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology provides new opportunities to expand current newborn screening methodologies. We designed a a newborn...
Few studies have investigated which factors were related to adolescents’ social media use. This study aimed to evaluate which factors were associated with heavy social media use on weekdays and weekends among 13-year-old adolescents. We analyzed data from 3727 children from the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort study in the Netherlands. Associations of demographic...
Bronchiolitis is a common acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) and the most frequent cause of hospitalization of infants and young children with ALRTI. Respiratory syncytial virus is the main pathogen that leads to severe bronchiolitis. The disease burden is relatively high. To date, few descriptions of the clinical epidemiology and disease burden of children...
The present work was designed to explore whether electrocardiogram (ECG) index-based models could predict the effectiveness of metoprolol therapy in pediatric patients with postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS). This study consisted of a training set and an external validation set. Children and adolescents with POTS who were given metoprolol treatment were enrolled, and after...
Trajectories of pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) within the first few days after birth are important to inform the strategy for identifying asymptomatic hypoxemic disease but remain poorly substantiated at higher altitudes. We performed a longitudinal cohort study with consecutive neonates at a local hospital in Luchun County, China, at an altitude of 1650 m between January and...
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an urgent need for safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines to protect children and adolescents. This study aims to provide scientific evidence and recommendations for the application of COVID-19 vaccines in children and adolescents by analyzing the latest studies. We systematically searched MEDLINE (accessed through...
Children with rare diseases experience challenges at home and school and frequently require multi-disciplinary healthcare. We aimed to determine health service utilization by Australian children with rare diseases and barriers to accessing healthcare. Parents completed an online survey on health professional and emergency department (ED) presentations, hospitalization, and...
Aicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a genetically determined disorder with a variable phenotype. Since the original description of AGS, advances in gene sequencing techniques have resulted in a significant broadening of the phenotypic spectrum associated with AGS genes, and new clinical pictures have emerged beyond the classic presentation. The aim of this review is to provide a...
Although smoking is classified as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes, there is a scarcity of studies on prevalence of smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aims to analyze the trends of prevalence of smoking in adolescents over the COVID-19 pandemic period. The present study used data from middle to high school adolescents between 2005 and 2021 who...
Gut microbiota alterations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to explore gut microbiota changes in a prospective cohort of COVID-19 children and their asymptomatic caregivers infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant. A total of 186 participants, including 59...
Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPRD) is a rare genetic disease with autosomal recessive inheritance. There was a lack of genotype–phenotype correlation data from the Chinese population. This study aimed to identify the genotype and phenotype characteristics of Chinese PPRD patients and to conduct a genotype–phenotype analysis of Chinese PPRD patients. Genetic analysis...
In multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), diagnostic delay could be associated with severity. This study aims to measure the time to diagnosis in MIS-C, assess its impact on the occurrence of cardiogenic shock, and specify its determinants. A single-center prospective cohort observational study was conducted between May 2020 and July 2022 at a tertiary care...
We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and focus on discussing its relationship with the duration of initial invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in very preterm neonates less than 32 weeks of gestational age (GA). We performed a prospective cohort study involving infants born at 23–31 weeks of GA who were admitted to 47...
The survival of preterm infants has improved over the last decade, but impaired brain development leading to poor neurological outcomes is still a major comorbidity associated with prematurity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutrition on neurodevelopment in preterm infants and identify markers for improved outcomes. Totally 67 premature infants with a...
To evaluate whether there is an association between the serum levels of the novel insulin-like adipokine isthmin-1 (ISM1) and obesity-related phenotypes in a population of Spanish children and to investigate the plausible molecular alterations behind the alteration of the serum levels of this protein in children with obesity. The study population is a sub-cohort of the PUBMEP...
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy has shown to improve height and body composition in children with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), the evidence of early rhGH treatment on motor and mental development is still accumulating. This study explored the time effect on psychomotor development, anthropometric indexes, and safety for infants and young children with PWS. A phase...
We aimed to evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of linezolid in children for treating suspected and diagnosed Gram-positive bacterial infections. A systematic literature search was conducted up to April 23, 2021, using linezolid and its synonyms as search terms. Two reviewers independently identified and extracted relevant randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort...
This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of resilience-promoting interventions among adolescents and youth aged 10–24 years with any type of diabetes. A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases from inception to May 25, 2022. The Cochrane risk of bias tool (version 2) was used to assess...
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. Extracted proteins from 34 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples [patients with MOGAD (MOG group, n = 12); healthy controls (HC group, n = 12); patients with MOG seronegative and metagenomics next-generation sequencing-negative...
Knowledge on the impact of the temporary kindergarten closure policy under COVID-19 in 2020 on childhood overweight and obesity is inadequate. We aimed to examine differences in rates of overweight and obesity from 2018 to 2021 among kindergarten children aged 3–7 years. Overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) > 1 standard deviation (SD) for age and sex, and obesity was...