The aim of this study is to report a scavenging event, involving the consumption of a nurse shark, Ginglymostoma cirratum, by tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier, at Fernando de Noronha archipelago, Brazil. Recreational divers found and photographed a bitten nurse shark carcass, just after sighting two tiger sharks near of the site. We estimated the sharks total lengths and discussed...
This study describes the scapulocoracoid and the ventral gill arches of a rare benthic elasmobranch, Benthobatis kreffti, based on specimens collected at depth of 500 m off the coast of Sao Paulo state, southern Brazil. The scapulocoracoid has an anterior fontanelle that is placed laterally. Condyles are similar in size, unequally spaced, and they are not aligned horizontally...
Sexual dimorphism is a widespread feature in several groups of vertebrates. Chondrichthyans differ sexually due to the presence of the clasper, a structure for internal fertilization, and other sexual differences in secondary characteristics. Nevertheless, studies assessing these variations are fairly rare. The main goal of this study is to identify differences in sexual...
The characterization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) allows the establishment of genetic structures and phylogenetic relationships in human populations, tracing lineages far back in time. We analysed samples of mtDNA from twenty (20) Native American populations (700 individuals) dispersed throughout Colombian territory. Samples were collected during 1989-1993 in the context of the...
The lulo La Selva P32 is a cross over different kinds of lulo. Though its sensory characteristics improvement, its life span is very short. Due to it is a new kind of lulo, there are not so many studies over the ripening process. In order to understand some softening processes, in this work it is evaluated the xylanase kinetics at the lulo peel during ripening, and the results...
Amphibians and reptiles (herps) are the most abundant and diverse vertebrate taxa in tropical ecosystems. Nevertheless, little is known about their role in maintaining and regulating ecosystem functions and, by extension, their potential value for supporting ecosystem services. Here, we review research on the ecological functions of Neotropical herps, in different sources (the...
Developing countries currently face challenges related to the management and disposal of biosolids that result from wastewater treatment. One of the most important issues they must deal with involves the maximum level of pathogens permitted and the effect they may have on the environment and human health once they are used for agricultural purposes. In order to learn about the...
The climbing behavior in a suckermouth Loricariidae catfish species is reported for the first time. A group of eight specimens of Cordylancistrus sp. were observed in situ climbing a waterfall in a mountain stream of the Colombian Andes. This study describes how this species overcame the vertical barrier, and then discusses and hypothesizes how the development of "key...
We studied the preservation of Azotobacter chroococcum C26 using three dry polymers: carrageenin, sodium alginate, and HPMC, using a method of accelerated degradation. Bacterial viability, as response variable, was measured at three temperatures in four different times, which was followed by calculation of bacterial degradation rates. Results showed that temperature, time of...
Tabebuia rosea germination capacity and rate have been examined under light and dark conditions. However, seeds responses to light quality, in particular to short and mid-wavelengths, are not well known. We hypothesized that short wavelengths would have a positive effect on T. rosea germination. The effects of short, mid and long-wavelengths on germination capacity, rate...
Two series of 4-aryl-3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives were efficiently synthesized according to a two-step synthesis and evaluated as potential antifungal agents. The key step was the formation of the corresponding N-benzyltetrahydroquinolines 5 via a three-component cationic imino Diels-Alder cycloaddition. The second step was a catalytic debenzylation to obtain...
The characterization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) allows the establishment of genetic structures and phylogenetic relationships in human populations, tracing lineages far back in time. We analysed samples of mtDNA from twenty (20) Native American populations (700 individuals) dispersed throughout Colombian territory. Samples were collected during 1989-1993 in the context of the...
The lulo La Selva P32 is a cross over different kinds of lulo. Though its sensory characteristics improvement, its life span is very short. Due to it is a new kind of lulo, there are not so many studies over the ripening process. In order to understand some softening processes, in this work it is evaluated the xylanase kinetics at the lulo peel during ripening, and the results...
Amphibians and reptiles (herps) are the most abundant and diverse vertebrate taxa in tropical ecosystems. Nevertheless, little is known about their role in maintaining and regulating ecosystem functions and, by extension, their potential value for supporting ecosystem services. Here, we review research on the ecological functions of Neotropical herps, in different sources (the...
Developing countries currently face challenges related to the management and disposal of biosolids that result from wastewater treatment. One of the most important issues they must deal with involves the maximum level of pathogens permitted and the effect they may have on the environment and human health once they are used for agricultural purposes. In order to learn about the...
The climbing behavior in a suckermouth Loricariidae catfish species is reported for the first time. A group of eight specimens of Cordylancistrus sp. were observed in situ climbing a waterfall in a mountain stream of the Colombian Andes. This study describes how this species overcame the vertical barrier, and then discusses and hypothesizes how the development of "key...
We studied the preservation of Azotobacter chroococcum C26 using three dry polymers: carrageenin, sodium alginate, and HPMC, using a method of accelerated degradation. Bacterial viability, as response variable, was measured at three temperatures in four different times, which was followed by calculation of bacterial degradation rates. Results showed that temperature, time of...
Tabebuia rosea germination capacity and rate have been examined under light and dark conditions. However, seeds responses to light quality, in particular to short and mid-wavelengths, are not well known. We hypothesized that short wavelengths would have a positive effect on T. rosea germination. The effects of short, mid and long-wavelengths on germination capacity, rate...
Two series of 4-aryl-3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives were efficiently synthesized according to a two-step synthesis and evaluated as potential antifungal agents. The key step was the formation of the corresponding N-benzyltetrahydroquinolines 5 via a three-component cationic imino Diels-Alder cycloaddition. The second step was a catalytic debenzylation to obtain...
Analyzing asymmetry in species associated with disturbed environments enables the evaluation of the morphological plasticity of generalistic species and the different evolutionary responses of sexes or populations to environmental or genetic stress. This report is a study of the cranial and mandibular asymmetry of Colombian Artibeus lituratus. This species has a wide distribution...
We designed a strategy for the sequencing and bioinformatical characterization of the 1,3-propanediol operon regulator genes from the Colombian Clostridium sp. strain IBUN13A, which is taxonomically related to Clostridium butyricum. Three genes are proposed to be involved in the operon's transcriptional activity, the dhaS and dhaA genes through a two-component system and the...
Floriculture is a vital agro-industrial sector in the Colombian economy; the export of flowers positively impacts employment and the balance of trade. However, this industry could negatively impact the environment if its waste products are not handled properly. These flower residues, rich in lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, could be a cost-effective raw material to produce...
Rotavirus is recognized worldwide as the main and most important viral pathogen associated with diarrhea in children while norovirus is considered the second cause of epidemic diarrhea in developed countries. Here, we present a comparative study on the prevalence of rotavirus and norovirus in two regions of Colombia: Chocó and Cundinamarca. Five hundred and thirty stool samples...