Glomerular damage and proximal tubular damage play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the urinary markers of proximal tubular injury, including urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein-to-creatinine ratio (uL-FABP/Cr) and urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase-to-creatinine ratio (uNAG/Cr...
To assess body composition by means of BOD POD in the large cohort of Italian Olympic athletes of many sport disciplines (studied at the same time), and to provide possible reference values for body composition in elite athletes. 1556 elite athletes, who took part in the selection procedure for the 2016 Rio Olympic Games for the National Italian Olympic Committee (CONI), were...
This study aimed to determine the minimum frequency of flash glucose monitoring (FGM) scans necessary for optimal glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Data were collected from 692 patients (47.5% female, with a median age of 47.4 years) who used FGM systems daily and recorded their clinical variables and device data. Logistic regression models showed that...
This study examines how family-related factors influence the management of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). We investigate the relationship between family patterns, parental work schedules and metabolic control. We analysed data from a nationwide diabetes survey (DPV) focusing on HbA1c, severe hypoglycaemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, hospital admissions and...
This study aims to describe the prevalence of monogenic diabetes in an Australian referral cohort, in relation to Exeter maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) probability calculator (EMPC) scores and next-generation sequencing with updated testing where relevant. State-wide 5-year retrospective cohort study of individuals referred for monogenic diabetes genetic testing...
To analyze if midterm improvement in diabetes distress can be explained by resilience, diabetes acceptance, and patient characteristics. N = 179 adults with type 1 diabetes were enrolled during their stay at a tertiary diabetes center (monocentric enrolment) and followed up over three months in a prospective, observational study (‘DIA-LINK1’). Improvement in diabetes distress was...
High glucose levels and Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) have both tissue inflammatory effects. Here we determined whether G6PDd accelerates arterial aging (information linked stiffening) in diabetes. Plasma glucose, interleukin 6 (IL6), and arterial stiffness (indexed as carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity, PWV) and red blood cell G6PD activity were assessed...
Early detection of retinal microangiopathy in patients with prediabetes may reduce diabetic retinopathy complications. The aim of this study was to assess early macular vascular changes in prediabetics before development of over diabetes using OCTA and fundus photography. In this cross-sectional study, 66 prediabetic individuals and 66 normal controls underwent clinical...
Between 1985 and 1996, Sweden experienced an “epidemic” of celiac disease with a fourfold increase in incidence in young children. Timing and amount of gluten introduced during infancy have been thought to explain this “epidemic”. We aimed to study whether the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes differs between children born during the “epidemic” compared to children born...
Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems have not been thoroughly evaluated during in-hospital stay, and there are concerns about accuracy during various conditions. Patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy have an increased risk of hyperglycaemia after surgery which is aggravated by parenteral nutrition therapy. This study aims to evaluate glycaemic...
To investigate the associations of GCKR and ADIPOQ variants with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese women. GCKR rs1260326, ADIPOQ rs266729, and rs1501299 were selected and genotyped in 519 GDM patients and 498 controls. Candidate SNPs were genotyped using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with next-generation sequencing methods, and the...
Gremlin-1 is a peptide that functions as an antagonist to bone morphogenic proteins and is overexpressed in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gremlin-1 has not yet been investigated in pregnancy, pregnancy-related insulin resistance or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Gremlin-1 levels were measured throughout the pregnancy of 58 women at high risk for GDM at the Medical...
Exercise-induced muscle damage depends on exercise intensity and duration and on individual susceptibility. Mechanical and metabolic stress may disturb the intestinal microflora. The study evaluated selected muscle damage markers and zonulin concentration after maximum-intensity exercise in type 1 diabetes (T1D) men compared with healthy controls. The study involved 16 T1D...
To estimate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a Danish cohort comparing the current Danish versus the WHO2013 diagnostic criteria, and to evaluate adverse pregnancy outcomes among currently untreated women in the gap between the diagnostic thresholds. Diagnostic testing was performed by a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24–28 weeks’ gestation in...
Incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) cause increased insulin secretion in non-pregnant adults, but their role in pregnancy, where there are additional metabolically-active hormones from the placenta, is less clear. The aim of the present study was to assess if fasting and post-load incretin concentrations were predictive of...
To evaluate diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening incidence in a universal healthcare system. Registry-based cohort study based on a Danish regional population from 2009 to 2018. Individuals with diabetes were identified by medication. Screening attendance was estimated by surrogate measures using local and nationwide databases reported by cumulative incidence. 18,832 patients were...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are effective treatments for type 2 diabetes, effectively lowering glucose without weight gain and with low risk for hypoglycemia. However, their influence on the retinal neurovascular unit remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the effects of the GLP-1 RA lixisenatide on diabetic retinopathy. Vasculo- and neuroprotective effects...
Bariatric surgery is used to induce weight loss and glycemic stability in type 2 diabetes (T2D). It has been a concern that this may lead to early worsening of diabetic retinopathy (DR) due to a rapid decline in HbA1c. In this study, we evaluated the risk of short and long-term DR development and need for ocular intervention in an entire nation of individuals with T2D undergoing...