Acanthocephalans from fishes and amphibians in Vietnam, with descriptions of five new species

Parasite 2014, 21, 53  O.M. Amin et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2014 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2014052 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F192550E-D224-414F-A117-90970B20E809 RESEARCH ARTICLE Available online at: www.parasite-journal.org OPEN ACCESS Acanthocephalans from fishes and amphibians in Vietnam, with descriptions of five new species Omar Mohamed Amin1,*, Richard Anderson Heckmann2, and Nguyen Van Ha3 1 2 3 Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 401 WIDB, Provo, UT 84602, USA Department of Parasitology, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Received 6 August 2014, Accepted 25 September 2014, Published online 22 October 2014 Abstract – Eight species of acanthocephalans are reported, and five are new. Specimens of Neoechinorhynchus (Hebesoma) manubrianus Amin, Ha & Ha, 2011 were similar to the original description. Neoechinorhynchus (Hebesoma) spiramuscularis n. sp. (Neoechinorhynchidae), from Xenocypris davidi, has a unique proboscis receptacle wrapped in a spiral muscular layer, and an undulating flask-shaped lemnisci, as well as double para-receptacle structures. Heterosentis mongcai n. sp. (Arhythmacanthidae), from Acreichthys sp., has a small fusiform trunk with an unarmed cone and anterior trunk spines, and a proboscis with two circles of rooted apical hooks and 3–4 circles of rooted posterior spines as well as a para-receptacle-like structure at the posterior end. The poorly known Filisoma indicum Van Cleave, 1928 is fully described and illustrated for the first time. Acanthocephalus parallelcementglandatus n. sp. (Echinorhynchidae), from Clarias batrachus, is distinguished from other species of Acanthocephalus by its small fusiform trunk and parallel tubular cement glands. Pseudoacanthocephalus coniformis n. sp. (Echinorhynchidae), from Hylarana sp., is distinguished from other species by having an anterior trunk collar and staggered prominent filiform cement glands, among other features. Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus n. sp. (Rhadinorhynchidae), from Leiognathus equulus, is distinguished from the only two known species of the genus by having a very long and slender proboscis with more than 50 hooks per row and a totally spined trunk. The generic diagnosis of Cathayacanthus Golvan, 1969 is emended. Rhadinorhynchus johnstoni Golvan, 1969 (Rhadinorhynchidae) perfectly fits the only complete description of that species from the Fiji Islands. Key words: Acanthocephala, Vietnam, Fish, Amphibian. Résumé – Acanthocéphales de poissons et d’amphibiens au Vietnam, avec la description de cinq nouvelles espèces. Huit espèces d’Acanthocéphales sont rapportées et cinq sont nouvelles. Les spécimens de Neoechinorhynchus (Hebesoma) manubrianus Amin, Ha, Ha & 2011 étaient semblables à la description originale. Neoechinorhynchus (Hebesoma) spiramuscularis n. sp. (Neoechinorhynchidae), de Xenocypris davidi, présente un réceptacle de proboscis unique enveloppé dans une couche musculaire spiralée, des lemnisques en forme de flasques ondulées et des structures para-réceptaculaires doubles. Heterosentis mongcai n. sp. (Arhythmacanthidae), de Acreichthys sp., a un petit tronc fusiforme avec un cône non épineux et des épines antérieures sur le tronc, un proboscis avec deux cercles de crochets apicaux avec racines, 3-4 cercles d’épines postérieures avec racines et une structure para-réceptaculaire à l’extrémité postérieure. Filisoma indicum Van Cleave, 1928, mal connu, est entièrement décrit et illustré pour la première fois. Acanthocephalus parallelcementglandatus n. sp. (Echinorhynchidae) de Clarias batrachus, se distingue des autres espèces d’Acanthocephalus par son petit tronc fusiforme et des glandes cémentaires tubulaires et parallèles. Pseudoacanthocephalus coniformis n. sp. (Echinorhynchidae), de Hylarana sp., se distingue des autres espèces par un collier sur le tronc antérieur et des *Corresponding author: Omar Mohamed Amin – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:46FC7FC4-1A80-4EEB-93A8-475E2EA4F1AB Richard Anderson Heckmann – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:9C2C7B19-EE62-4F90-8374-2A616C53203E Nguyen Van Ha – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:A2486040-467F-4BFC-956E-7AC240475867 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 2 O.M. Amin et al.: Parasite 2014, 21, 53 étonnantes glandes cémentaires filiformes, entre autres caractéristiques. Cathayacanthus spinitruncatus n. sp. (Rhadinorhynchidae), de Leiognathus equulus, se distingue des deux seules espèces connues du genre par un proboscis très long et mince avec plus de cinquante crochets par ligne et un tronc totalement épineux. Le diagnostic générique de Cathayacanthus Golvan 1969, est émendé. Rhadinorhynchus johnstoni Golvan, 1969 (Rhadinorhynchidae) correspond parfaitement à la seule description complète de cette espèce, des Îles Fidji. Introduction A number of acanthocephalan species from freshwater fishes and other vertebrates were previously described in Vietnam by Amin and Ha [3, 4] and Amin et al. [6, 9–11, 32]. Eleven species of acanthocephalans were collected from marine fishes off the eastern seaboard of Vietnam at Halong Bay in 2008 and 2009. Of these, 6 new species belonging to Neoechinorhynchus Stiles and Hassall, 1905, one new species of Heterosentis Van Cleave, 1931, and three new species of Acanthocephalus Koelrouther, 1771, Gorgorhynchus Chandler, 1934, and Neorhadinorhynchus Yamaguti, 1939 were recently described by Amin and Ha [4]. Two new species of Rhadinorhynchus Lühe, 1911 were described from marine fishes in the same bay [7]. Three other species of Rhadinorhynchus were previously reported from marine fishes in Vietnam [14]. The species reported in this presentation have not been previously encountered by us or by any other observer in Vietnam. The above contributions by Amin and collaborators, among others, as well as those listed in Arthur and Te [14] should be consulted for information about the current state of knowledge on the Acanthocephala of Vietnamese vertebrates. The present contribution will add significant information to this database. Materials and methods Nine species of fishes and one amphibian were collected in five diverse habitats from distant locations in Vietnam between 2010 and 2013. The marine fishes Nibea albiflora (Richardson) and Johnius carouna (Cuvier) (Sciaenidae) were examined from the Pacific Ocean off the Cát Bà Islands, Halong Bay, Gulf of Tonkin (107050 E, 20450 N) in August and October, 2013. The marine fishes Acreichthys sp. (Monacanthidae) and Epinephelus sp. (Serranidae) were collected in the Pacific Ocean at Mong Cai District, Quang Ninh Province in t (...truncated)