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have provided in Table 1. 1 Paternalism is a political philosophy which believes that bounded rationality and limited cognitive ability render the human decisionmaking a flawed process; hence other ... Journal of Risk Regulation , 4 ( 1 ), 3 - 28 . Hausman , D. M. , & Welch , B. ( 2010 ). Debate: To nudge or not to nudge . Journal of Political Philosophy , 18 ( 1 ), 123 - 136 . Ho , S. Y. , & Lim , K
Public health problems have a political economy rooted largely in public and private laws that both reflect the distribution of power in society and shape its policy responses. In this Article, we ... stricter constraints on opioid production, distribution, and prescription. Yet these responses have been slow in coming and continue to face practical and political barriers. Although these observations do
developments in the AI computing environment are not concomitant with changes in the social, legal, and political environment. While considering deploying AI, the deployment context and the end goal of human ... , legal, and political environment. Some have raised concerns about the privacy of data that are used to train machine learning systems, about trust and biases in machine learning algorithms, and about
package includes a variety of spending offsets and tax increases. Whether by accident or design, community rating strengthened the political prospects of the bill. Even when support for the bill as a whole ... the ACA originates from a place of political strength. That strength served as advocates' rhetorical base during public debateS86 and helped catalyze the bill's passage. The ACA may seem like a mishmash
economic opportunity are an illusion for most Americans. Such economic inequality magnifies and interacts with chronic crises of structural racial injustice and persisting political dysfunction. The urgency ... other entity treats you well, you remain subservient and therefore unfree. The paradigmatic manifestation of domination arises in the history of republican political philosophy around the problem of the
—“as linked in a near-synaesthetic fashion” (Houston & Toube, 2000, p. 261) . In Western philosophy, early conceptualizations of the senses stressed the distinction between different modalities while
Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France which challenged this assumption. For instance, the truth effect has been observed with true COVID-19 statements (Unkelbach & Speckmann, 2021) , political opinions (Arkes ... -phrase "a lot of people are saying."), which is amplified by social media. Although this phenomenon when tackled in the political science domain assigns repetition a major role, this role has yet to be
interactions among technical, human, and organizational elements and noted that a context’s cultural, political, sociological, and historical aspects influence users. Actual computer use context includes ... vary due to environmental factors, such as the context’s cultural, political, sociological, and historical aspects and users’ emotional state (Lyytinen & Newman, 2008; McKay et al., 2012; Meiselwitz et
has affected (victims) and not affected (non-victims)? In order to answer these questions, we use the literature in social philosophy on harm assessment related to non-comparative and comparative harms ... theories, and actors who sought benefits (e.g., political propaganda), “the global spread of online falsehoods poses a serious threat to foundational elements of democratic society including social cohesion
with seemingly limitless resources. The power to control the political dialogue of campaigns is useful to these special interests because of the resulting power that is gained in the legislative process
drawn close together are seen as more similar in political views than stick figures drawn far apart (Winter & Matlock, 2013) . Importantly, the influence of the SIMILARITY = PROXIMITY metaphor on ... the descriptions emphasized dissimilarity. Similarly, two cities that were described as similar in their policies and political direction were placed closer together on a map that cities described as
Freedom is one of the central values in political and moral philosophy. A number of theorists hold that freedom (or, relatedly, opportunity) should either be the only or at least one of the central ... comments on earlier drafts of this paper. I would also like to thank audiences at the Pavia Political Theory Conference, at the Association for Legal and Social Philosophy Annual Conference in Belfast and at
Societal polarization over contested science has increased in recent years. To explain this development, political, sociological, and psychological research has identified societal macro-phenomena as ... evidence selectively such that it conforms to prior beliefs (Meyer et al., 2013) . Unjustified confidence in own positions and judgments also tends to be enhanced in individuals holding radical political
diversity of materials as stimuli (e.g., political or health contents), more participants from non-Western countries, studies examining effects of multiple repetitions and longer intersession intervals, and ... (e.g., trivia, political, marketing) presented visually or aurally 3. Comparator: within-subjects (repeated vs. non-repeated statements) or between-subjects (non-repetition control vs. repetition group
inconclusive outcomes of the earlier research. However, interest has revived in recent years, corresponding with the current salience of social issues related to gendered crime. For instance, socio-political ... evidence was provided for why differences may occur. Given the ongoing scientific, social, and political relevance of this topic, future research should seek to clarify if and how attentional focus may
Political Rights and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. Although these treaties are non-self-executing, I suggest that they can be marshaled in the fight ... contravenes the United States’ pledge to expand voting rights in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) in 1992.28 Second, this practice conflicts with the country’s commitment to
evidence is echoed in the philosophy of science literature (see also, van Dongen et al., 2022) . In fact, the Bayes factor was initially developed with the express purpose of being a valid measure of
-Doughty et al., 2018), age, religious and political views (Bi et al., 2013; Kosinski et al., 2013), education levels, whether they have children or not, income, life satisfaction (Volkova & Bachrach, 2016 ... misinformation and disinformation rapidly to shape public perception and opinions on controversial political, economic, and social issues (Najee-Ullah et al., 2022). Despite ChatGPT’s great potential in assisting
of interest. Ethics approval This study was approved by the School of Philosophy, Psychology, and Language Sciences ethics committee. Consent to participate and for publication All participants gave
For years, political scientists, historians, pundits, and casual observers have decried the degree to which campaigning politicians avoid discussions of "the issues. ... consulting appropriate legal texts and not simply exerting political will. See, e.g., H.L.A. HART, ESSAYS IN JURISPRUDENCE AND PHILOSOPHY 105-08 (1983). But the fact that some judges exercise their