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exacerbated inequality with ambiguous effects on efficiency. Finally, we outline the potential for future reforms and conclude that political conditions are more likely to instigate major change than economic ... over fundamental reforms. Our discussion in this paper shows that this preference is often the result of political considerations rather than a thorough analysis of what may be good policy aimed to
scholarship and political science. The papers in this issue ask a range of research and policy questions about the way governments tax the rich. How can we measure the effective tax rates on the incomes and/or ... society as a whole, and which possible reforms in this area are feasible from an economic, political, and legal perspective. Demands to tax the rich (more) rest on the perception of rising inequality. In
With more individuals forcibly displaced than any time since the Second World War, forced displacement has emerged as one of the defining political and humanitarian issues of the twenty-first century ... leadership to elevate new capabilities and approaches, which has been difficult given institutional status quo. Lastly, establishing innovation units within large institutions has proven a political challenge
wealth can lead to a concentration of economic and political power. However, the externalities can also be positive if only the very wealthy have the means to undertake large and risky projects that are ... . Liquidity problems are the main reason why many durable goods, such as art and antiques, have historically been exempt from wealth taxation. Key to the economic and political feasibility of wealth taxes is
many motivations for (not) resettling refugees: humanitarian, economic, or political. The goal of an improved resettlement system is to obey the quotas set by countries, though there is a necessary ... smaller hosting capacities (either due to infrastructure or finance constraints or due to political willingness) than countries, so the refugee–community problem is best modelled as one of integer
is that many political decisions, not least about tax policy and redistribution, are taken at the country level, and that there may be a feedback loop between within-country inequality and political ... decision-making. By the same argument, since the Swiss cantons have a large degree of political autonomy, studying the evolution and determinants of wealth inequality at the sub-national level is equally
services (support by donors), and the piloting of health insurance which has been piloted in three subdistricts. Political commitment for these areas is strong. However, there are barriers pertaining to the ... financing structure dating from the colonial era. While others pertain to the health sector’s implementation shortfalls including issues of human resources, political interference, monitoring, and supervision
services (support by donors), and the piloting of health insurance which has been piloted in three subdistricts. Political commitment for these areas is strong. However, there are barriers pertaining to the ... financing structure dating from the colonial era. While others pertain to the health sector’s implementation shortfalls including issues of human resources, political interference, monitoring, and supervision
services (support by donors), and the piloting of health insurance which has been piloted in three subdistricts. Political commitment for these areas is strong. However, there are barriers pertaining to the ... financing structure dating from the colonial era. While others pertain to the health sector’s implementation shortfalls including issues of human resources, political interference, monitoring, and supervision
selfrepresentationin the field of disability. In brief, the study is aimed at both to inform of philosophy of self-advocacy and to contribute to this positive effect ... /index.html, ( Accessed 2016 May 1 ). 13. Tsuda E. Japanese culture and the philosophy of self-advocacy: The importance of interdependence in community living . Br J Learn Disabil , 2006 ; 34 , 151 - 156 . 14
indiscriminate shelling of civilian areas of the Donbas, human rights violations and abuses in the Crimea targeted Ukrainian political activists and the Crimean Tatar minority. Thus, investigating, comparing, and ... , destination-specific data are obtained on the distance from the origin location, the political views of the destination, the GDP of the destination, its population size, ethno-linguistic composition, and the
emission standards showed that the convergence of environmental standards in a particular sector can be driven by the existence of large consumer markets with ‘green’ preferences, the political power of ... ‘green’ countries, the leadership and preferences of largest producers, the internal political support, and the institutional structure and rules of the trade regime (Dietrich, 1996). The trade regime
manage risk and improves bidding incentives in the spot market. There are important differences in electricity markets around the world, reflecting different economic and political settings. Electricity
market flexibility. Underemployment’s association with lower job satisfaction and pay is widespread. Yet in most countries there are external benefits (social trust, volunteering, and political efficacy ... the effects of higher education on three indicators of external benefit: social trust, civic participation, and political efficacy.8 Table 3 summarizes the relative differences between matched and
necropolis that testifies to dynastic and political connections of mediaeval and modern Europe), the pre-chartered city of Kraków; and the town of Kazimierz, including the suburb of Stradom. This homogeneous ... , miasto królów, biskupów, uczonych of Poland, the city of kings, bishops, scholars, and arti artystów. Soczewka, w której skupiają się wątki dy- ists. It is also a lens focusing dynastic, political
plans for rolling out “Universal Health Care” in the country, this paper analyzes the social, economic, and political origins of the major challenges facing public hospitals in India. The view taken ... function as institutions only for curative care, detached from the larger social, economic, cultural, and political context of the people?s lives which largely determines their health. Unfortunately, even
plans for rolling out “Universal Health Care” in the country, this paper analyzes the social, economic, and political origins of the major challenges facing public hospitals in India. The view taken ... institutions only for curative care, detached from the larger social, economic, cultural, and political context of the people’s lives which largely determines their health. Unfortunately, even this curative care
plans for rolling out “Universal Health Care” in the country, this paper analyzes the social, economic, and political origins of the major challenges facing public hospitals in India. The view taken ... institutions only for curative care, detached from the larger social, economic, cultural, and political context of the people’s lives which largely determines their health. Unfortunately, even this curative care
cent in the tax paid by this group. I. Introduction Political debates around taxation of the rich tend to focus on the ‘headline’ rates of the taxes that are most salient with the public—in
untrustworthy in their political and/or economic behaviour, and perhaps also as facilitating remittances often important in lower-income countries.29 In absolute terms, however, the US has the largest crypto
