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theories of preemption (ideology, political institutions, interest group involvement, demographics, and policy diffusion) using a time-series, cross-sectional approach. Using data on state legislative ... legislative activity from 1993 to 2018, we find that increasing legislative conservatism, and more unified political control of the state government, regardless of party, are associated with a higher risk of
American states differ in their protection of workers, acceptance of organized labor, dominant industrial cultures, and regarding labor unions’ capacity and political power. In this article, I ... article, I examine declining union membership in the states and analyze various laws that limit the political power of unions and assess the consequences of these developments. I also document and explain a
American federalism in 2022–2023 saw a continued escalation of the culture wars, with persistent battles fought between the heavily polarized political parties, different levels of government ... these battles with the private sector over cultural issues cross the political spectrum. Another area of conflict worth highlighting is the intensification of state–local conflicts. These intra-state
office due to felony disenfranchisement laws. Thus, habitual offender laws target a formally disenfranchised group—people with felony convictions. That creates an archetypal political process problem. As ... he should raise that concern in the political arena, not the courts, and cast his vote accordingly. The problem for Brooker, and the one that animates this Article, is that he cannot vote. Because of
could prevent hate crimes from occurring in the first place. Those measures potentially include educational initiatives, conflict resolution programs, political reforms, social services, or other ... , political reforms, social services, or other proactive efforts aimed at the root causes of hate crimes. Focusing on the public conversation around anti-Asian hate crimes, this Essay argues that very
investment that existed in the San Francisco Bay Area prior to and following its tech explosion in the late twentieth century. Numerous factors such as political and ethnic diversity, a comparatively lower ... region. With a tumultuous history stretching back at least a century to the early 1900s involving numerous wars and political, physical, and national divisions, Berlin has lacked resources and lagged
natural lives. Dominant depictions of global value chain governance treat labor, environment and local communities only peripherally, thus leaving the political economy of vulnerability, exploitation and ... identifying spaces of critical intervention and political-legal activism and reform. * Professor of Business Law, McGill University. State Law Exam, Frankfurt; Licence en droit, Université de Paris X; LL.M
analysis. What political factors influence fiscal behaviour at the provincial level?” Studying subnational taxation in Spain offers a way of taking-up this suggestion. The Spanish territorial financing ... and political considerations. Second, this article expands the scope of inquiry into the fiscal behavior of sub-national units to include taxation policy. Research on the disciplining effects of
and governments’ crisis response, particularly in the case of COVID-19. It examines the political management of the COVID-19 pandemic and the effects that different factors had on the responsiveness of ... Decentralization is defined as the allocation of political, administrative, and fiscal power at the level of subnational (i.e., local and regional) administrations (Benz 2011; Tselios 2021). According to the OECD
popular and political will to pass the reforms must extend beyond the passage of the law and must also create mechanisms to scrutinize, guide, and support the judiciary’s implementation of the law. ... . Although these reforms were democratic and popular, judges were not sufficiently incentivized to properly implement the changes. If reforms are to succeed, the popular and political will to pass the reforms
Christopher R. Rodenbaugh* * B.B.A. Finance, B.A. Philosophy 2020, Loyola University C hicago; M.B.A. 2021 , Loyola Quinlan School of Business; J.D. 2024, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law. Thank you to ... industries to achieve broader economic or political goals),54 was passed in direct response to the 1926 United Kingdom General Strike.55 The General Strike saw up to 1.75 million workers go on strike over wage
Criminology by an authorized editor of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons - THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF ENTRAPMENT RICHARD H. MCADAMS* INTRODUCTION By the time she was eighteen, Amy ... consider and critique the literature that seeks to justify the defense based on retributive theory, utilitarian theory, and political/institutional concerns. In each case, I do not claim that there is no
data privacy, suppress speech, and push out political opponents.30 In theory, issuing central Banks may address CBDCs’ privacy concerns by keeping anonymity with their CBDC design. Nevertheless, many ... policy purposes, such as crime prevention and detection, or political purposes, such as elections. Introducing a credible disciplinary mechanism against central banks creates a space for other governmental
, INEQUALITY 247–48 (1993); G.A. Cohen, How to do Political Philosophy, in ON THE CURRENCY OF EGALITARIAN JUSTICE, AND OTHER ESSAYS IN POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY 228–29 (Michael Otsuka ed., 2011). to be punished.162 ... grateful to participants at the Stanford Law and Philosophy workshop for feedback on an early draft of this paper. And I owe special thanks to Juliana Bidadanure, Jessica Eaglin, James Forman Jr., Aziz Huq
. Equality and Mutual Benefit: It promotes both political dialogue and economic cooperation and trade, with a view to seeking mutual reinforcement and common development. trading regime that is transparent ... implement the outcomes of previous ministerial meetings.10 On the other hand, the political facet of FOCAC is the subject of more sustained discussion, as evidenced by numerous references to the work of the
is (prima facie) wrongful because it puts wrongful pressure on [the target’s] freedom to do otherwise.”); Mitchell Berman, Blackmail, in THE OXFORD HANDBOOK ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE CRIMINAL LAW 37, 62 ... personal or social characteristics such as psychological or emotional vulnerability, economic hardship, lack of a social safety net, and experience of natural disasters or political instability.56
Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons Part of the Criminal Law Commons; Criminology Commons; and the Criminology and Criminal - AFTERWORD TO "LUNATICS AND ANARCHISTS: POLITICAL HOMICIDE IN
of governments to interfere with global trade. But, in the "trade and" universe, things are not always as they appear. By focusing on the institutional competence of trade bodies-and the political ... argue that this expansion may threaten the continued political viability of the trade regime. Second, the term "trade and" might refer not directly to the new "trade and" issues themselves but rather to
Second Circuit likely adopted this philosophy because it aligns with fundamental principles underlying U.S. bankruptcy law. U.S. bankruptcy law principally aims to balance the interests of creditors with ... discussed, the guiding philosophy in U.S. bankruptcy law balances interests between creditors and debtors. Transnational bankruptcy adds a diplomatic layer that requires balancing national and foreign
, the ISDS-reform discussions should be conducted in a manner that underscores broader historical, economic, political, philosophical, and sociological lessons of the project called “transnationalism ... success and individualism. In fact, some states have been more successful than others in political theory; in fact, some ideas have political concerns of a free and open market system. Thus, the roots of