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There is increasing attention on the intersection of sports and politics, with a particular focus on tying owners’ political donations to organization-level outcomes. However, the extant research ... research leverages within-league panels of donations over time, so we know little about inter-league heterogeneities of political donations. Furthermore, extant work does not explicitly investigate the
was a split largely across political lines; “permissive” jurisdictions promoted ideas of individual freedom and condemnation of government-imposed punishment, while “restrictive” jurisdictions ... these ideas have presumed this as a purely political divide. However, if we accept the assertions of either approach at face value, bracketing political concerns, is the difference in approaches found in
from pre-trial release marked a shift in the philosophy of bail.19 Before the introduction of monetary bail as a punishment tactic, the primary purpose of bail was to ensure a defendant’s reappearance ... district attorneys are elected, so keeping a defendant imprisoned for as long as possible is sensible to their political motivations.41 Politics, of course, rarely follows empirical data unless it is
because of the trade-off between inefficient exclusion from trade/innovation and expropriation. These implications survive when some transactors have more political influence on institutional design, or I ... undermine the upstream firms’ property rights and reduce the extent of in-house production. Two obvious objections to the model reasoning are that some transactors have more political influence on
religion, different political regimes may also have a crucial impact on the quality of public goods and services. In the paper, a distinction is made between theocratic, autocratic and democratic systems. It ... ; Democracy; Autocracy; Religious leadership; Religious diversity 1 Introduction As a reaction to citizens’ dissatisfaction with the political leadership in Saudi Arabia, the new crown prince, Muhammad bin
bodies were collected (n = 930). They were combined with state-level data on the government composition by gender and political party (parliament, ministers) based on the location of each sport governing ... state politics, suggesting that spillover effects occur from an organizations' political environment. Board composition; Institutional framework; Political parties; Sport organization; Women 1
, we consider the type of political regimes, political fragmentation, and decentralization settings, after controlling for several non-institutional factors. We assemble several data sources with the ... specifications, show that having either democracies or autocracies does not represent a crucial issue for successfully addressing the pandemic. Most significantly, we find that countries with centralized political
to quasi-judicial immunity for prosecutors to allow for civil liability and possible criminal liability to protect the integrity of the legal profession based on the political ideals of the Rule of Law ... meaningful regulation encompasses federal and state courts. The courts are left open to political favoritism, personal self-interests, and Jackson v. City of Cleveland, 925 F.3d 793, 823 (6th Cir. 2019). Id
, political, and religious affairs. Instead, it sought a teleological understanding of the Constitution by interpreting general textualized principles, like liberty. In doing so, the Court constitutionalized
“supreme international crime,” was first prosecuted after World War II.19 Prominent German and Japanese political and military leaders were arrested, tried, and punished for illegally planning and executing ... time, humanity had outlawed – no, criminalized – war.23 Despite that early promise, hopes born from the ashes of a hot war soon gave way to the realpolitik of a cold war.24 Political dysfunction at the
NLRB and the SEC,196 poor political compromise left it with a toothless mechanism for achieving Congress’s lofty vision of eradicating employment discrimination.197 As a result, the EEOC has been ... institutions — within one year after the #MeToo hashtag went viral on Twitter.204 A few years later, there is a strong wave of political momentum — as evidenced by the 2022 FAA amendment — for Congress to give
This edition is comprised of Lincoln Memorial University Duncan School of Law’s symposium “Navigating the Political Divide: Lesson from Lincoln,” held April 20, 2012 in Knoxville, TN. Authors and ... to the presidency two years later. Are we, therefore, simply left with the possibility that a modern candidate stretched a historical reference well beyond its original meaning for political ends
Tables 1, 2, 5 and 6 in this erratum. - ifo Center for Public Finance and Political Economy, ifo Institute, Poschingerstr. 5, 81679 Munich, Germany −0.0125∗∗ (−2.09) 0.0165 (1.42) 0.0285∗∗ (2.16) 0.00589
political affiliation, were also analyzed for potential causal relationships. The surprising results of this novel study will help inform abolitionist advocates as to the best practices for promoting their ... viewed based on the race and political affiliation of participants (discussed below). B. GENDER Gender is “one of the strongest and most persistent predictors” of death penalty support.17 The results of
This edition is comprised of Lincoln Memorial University Duncan School of Law’s symposium “Navigating the Political Divide: Lesson from Lincoln,” held April 20, 2012 in Knoxville, TN. Authors and ... to the presidency two years later. Are we, therefore, simply left with the possibility that a modern candidate stretched a historical reference well beyond its original meaning for political ends
bullet.30 Political pressures and manipulation attempts placed on Ukraine’s President, Volodymyr Zelensky, as he leads his country in the pending war with Russia, are well-documented.31 In 1865, President ... Judicial Review Political Trust, Social Trust, and Judicial Review, 36 CONST. COMMENTARY 297, 299-300, 303 (2021) (presenting a general overview of how courts should garner greater trust than other branches
libertarianism, the non-aggression principle (NAP); therefore, any violent interference with cross-border travel, such as limits to immigration, is incompatible with this philosophy. Their opponents within this ... the limits of libertarian Hans-Hermann Hoppe, The Economics and Ethics of Private Property: Studies in Political Economy and Philosophy, (1993); HansHermann Hoppe, Of Private, Common, and Public
, because a mayor has considerable influence over the selection of local police chiefs and the organization of police departments, each neighboring local government mayor’s political party affiliation and ... this respect, (Durante and Gutiérrez 2013) consider that because a mayor has considerable influence over the selection of enforcement, each neighboring local government mayor’s political party
—the individual’s mind. This highlights the extraordinary psychological, political, and legal ramifications implicated by the IoB. This IoB-human mind nexus will serve as the focal point of this ... , Part IV situates it within two global trends—one political and one psychological. The political trend concerns the recent rise in authoritarianism and a corresponding decline in global democracy.4 The
