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on this set of questions, using insights we have gained from the field of political economy. - Based on the logic of the political economy frameworks considered, I argue that we are indeed heading ... which read, non-security based) institutions, they have the greatest influence.1 The key insight that we gain from political economy about non-coercion is that all countries must benefit from
demanded a re-weighing of EU Council votes to avoid minorities blocking decisions that often required a qualified majority. But such adjustments typically came at a high political cost and lost operational ... efficiency. Clearly, political representation within the EU is a major cause for concern; but so are member states’ strategies for setting policy agendas, shaping legislation or obstructing implementation
, Italy In 2021, the pace of Italy's political change has again accelerated. During the previous year, Italy was the first European country to be hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, an emergency that was faced ... anticipated in general, but in fact, Italy's fragile political system experienced the opposite. All parties have undergone major turbulence. Matteo Salvini's Lega carried out a drastic U-turn from its
the underlying economic and political reasons, such as poor labour productivity, low real wages, insufficient immigration of trained people and the failure to find alternative ways of financing ... country-specific grants are not in line with this philosophy (König, 2022, 19). The ECB, by the way, has had an ambiguous role in the reform process of European countries in the past: as studies of
of his fight against Belarusian society. However, it is useful to discuss the structure of the Belarusian economy as this helps understand the country's political economy and thus inform Europe's ... -order’ agencies and was forced to emigrate. Another important economic and political factor is the large diaspora. Various estimates suggest that 3.5 million Belarusians live outside the country
A world of risks and uncertainties can also be a world of opportunities. How and how quickly the EU adapts to the socio-political, economic, energy and climate transitions at hand, and how it ... power only where they have controlled the executive branch of government (e.g. in Hungary). Where populist parties have found themselves in coalitions, across a vibrant political opposition and an active
perspective, looking at three different dimensions: the political economy of fiscal rules in the current political and economic environment, the renewed debate about fiscal policy roles and objectives, as well ... governance system in order to better fit with with current macroeconomic and political realities. - Even before the COVID-19 crisis, which has led to the suspension of the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP
Information Centre for Economics. Instability in electoral behaviour is likely to continue as a result of a variety of factors, including the breakdown of traditional political allegiances, new ideological and ... cultural divides, the importance of leadership and novel forms of political communication. But underneath these political dynamics, can we identify the economic conditions that are associated with such
This article discusses the medical/therapeutical responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and their political economy context. First, the very quick development of several vaccines highlights the richness ... . Only when flooded with an enormous amount of public money did it become eager to undertake applied research, production scale-up and testing. Third, the political economy of the underlying public-private
Faced with the impossibility of reaching a political agreement to review the fiscal treaties, the Commission could limit itself to applying the current rules with flexibility, which would maintain an ... one assess the risks of a specific shock, such as a major political turn, that the European authorities and the other member states refuse to endorse? Moreover, no sovereign country will accept that a
countries’ banking, economic and political systems. We identify banks holding critical positions within the eurozone countries that might be exploited in the pursuit of power and determine whether SWFs could ... significant and broad influence. According to Weber (1980) and Albert (1955) , this influence may also be understood as power because it allows banks to steer socio-political processes in pursuit of their
Despite all the difficulties inherent to our political organisation, the European Union has taken a bold step by doubling the EU budget for the next six years with the NGEU fund.
destruction. Hence, MMT cannot be and is not a political manifesto. In contrast to most other theories of money, MMT is falsifiable in its core statements, which are based on a balance sheet approach to ... enacting laws that would stop the government spending more, like the US debt ceiling. Then, however, it is a political decision to run out of money. See Ehnts (2020 b). debt issued in its own currency
on an outdated state of economic science and that its claims regarding economic policies are much exaggerated: The meaning of MMT is more that of a political manifesto than of a genuine economic theory. ... term in nature. Second, discarding interest rates as a stabilisation tool would create political economy and instrument shortage problems (Palley, 2019b) . From a political economy point of view
. While there are the political and economic difficulties of implementing such a strategy, one recalls the pioneering venture of Airbus, established more than 50 years ago that has successfully managed to ... corporations, particularly because they may receive political protection from the government of their country only. Fast-growing European companies and start-ups, especially in the ICT and related sectors, could
Political polarization, meaning sharp differences in the political ideologies and preferences of the partisans of different parties, implies that members of one party are more likely to dismiss the ... ; and, second, the extent of political polarization. Individualists insist that the decision of whether to wear a mask or receive a vaccination, for example, belongs to the individual and that there is no
, unless there is a political union in Europe. ... -specific differences in the tax burden, retirement age and level, number of hospital beds or the level of general public services. These differences are reflecting countryspecific political preferences
The threat of an epidemic narrows the scope for political competition. As Fidesz’s position within the EU has weakened significantly with the withdrawal from the European People’s Party, and the ... towards the EU valuing the economic benefits that it represents (Lengyel and Göncz, 2010) . An alternative explanation is that there is an increasing satisfaction with Hungary’s economic and political
significant first step towards European financial and political unification that stands in stark contrast to the misguided austerity programmes during the European sovereign debt crisis. ... agreement on the plan as well as some details are still missing, it is a huge political step towards sensible and joint European economic policymaking. The longrecognised need for a common fiscal response to
This article seeks to analyze the electoral political discourse from senses inscribed on the body of the presidential candidates in the 2014 campaign during the television broadcast of the last ... studies and anthropological studies of imagery production in the social history of civilizations, the paper aims to think over the functioning of the current political discourse inscribed in the dynamics of