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power while the wider economies, of which they are a part, are also marked by high levels of overall concentration (Commander and Estrin 2022) . Asian BGs also tend to have very strong political ... , in terms of history, culture and political system. For example, China and Vietnam pursued for many years a Soviet-like path of the planned economy, while others like South Korea, Philippines and
The paper analyses Political Budget Cycles in the context of a young post-communist democracy, Serbia. The authors deploy well-established methodological (time series) approaches to examine the ... the importance of distinguishing between these types of elections in the domain of PBC research. Political budget cycles; Budget balance (deficit); Early elections; Regular elections; Serbia
There is growing research on the political budget cycles in transition economies whose institutions, economies and societies differ significantly from those of developed countries. New democracies ... are more vulnerable to political budget (fiscal) cycles. Most studies focus on policy instruments (e.g. fiscal policies) rather than on macroeconomic outcomes. In this paper, we analyse the political
stability and cohesion from an economic, political and social perspective. A content analysis of the CSRs issued from 2011 to 2018 and a comparison with the DTF scores reveal a weak connection between member ... considering jointly and equally important the economic, political and social dimensions. Then, we compared these results with CSRs issued from 2011 to 2018 in order to evaluate whether and how the ES has
redistribution. Relying on political economy literature, we examine the strategies regional and federal Russian politicians utilize to allocate and distribute agricultural subsidies. Using unique 2008–2015 panel ... political competition against the dominant party is higher. Moreover, they appear to also target large farms for voter mobilization. Agricultural subsidies; Redistribution; Political competition; Vote
regulation of product and labor markets, as well as the trust in political institutions, quality of governance, and inequality. Results show that despite divergent economic growth in the euro periphery ... countries. However, the euro area sovereign debt crisis dramatically worsened citizens' perceptions of quality of governance, as well as the level of social trust. This calls in question the future political
little in the 21st century. Political systems, established in the 1990s around a general pattern of strong presidencies, also changed little, apart from in Kyrgyzstan. Between 1999 and 2014, national ... infrastructure for overland trade across Eurasia as well as an uncertain global trading system and the consequences of the COVID-19 epidemic. The political context includes autocratic non-democracies with an elite
In this paper, we examine the consequences of populist government for long-term economic growth and development. To this end, we estimate the long-term growth impact of the Juan Péron’s political ... sustainable economic growth and political stability puzzles economists and development scholars. A probable apocryphal quote attributed to Nobel laureate Simon Kuznets states that “in the world there are four
dimensions of his work, namely the political economy of reforms and the production of policy-relevant research leading to effective policy advice. These themes allowed us to gather a diverse group of scholars ... articles on the topic) . His approach to advocating policy change was embedded in solid empirical evidence, but also mindful of people’s will, and, more broadly, the political economy of reforms. We thus
not add value (Riess 2005) . The considerations of public finance combine with the politicians’ incentive to opt for PPPs to increase their political consensus in times of curtailed budgets ... (Cappellaro and Longo 2011; Reeves 2015) and in the run-up to elections. In many instances, political convenience has led governments to choose PPPs, claiming that there was no other viable alternative, and
Introduction remains a potent political force. New explanations are needed to understand why successful populist politicians continue to lead governments or have parliamentary representations across Europe ... socioeconomic situation on their political decision. Strong institutions create trust, demonstrate legitimacy, and prompt polity to protect them (Greif and Laitin 2004) . This becomes especially important in
This paper analyzes the political economy causes of fiscal promise gaps, defined as the distance between planned fiscal objectives and actual realizations during planned fiscal expansions periods ... in Economics and Mathematics (REM) and Research Unit on Complexity and Economics (UECE), ISEG, Universidade de Lisboa , Rua Miguel Lupi 20, 1249‐078 Lisbon , Portugal This paper analyzes the political
broadly centers around three main issues: ineffective government policies and political instability, infrastructural weaknesses, and geography costs. These findings raise questions about the role of ... political regimes in facilitating intra-Africa trade. Indeed, studies predict that democratic regimes are associated with lower transaction costs in exchanges and formulate trade policies that maximize
political benefits; they became more prosperous and democratic after communism than countries adopting gradual or partial reform. The key elements of transition were price liberalization and privatization or ... wars and only one violent post-independence political transition (Tajikistan 1992-7). Transition strategies covered the full spectrum from rapid reform (Kyrgyzstan) to minimal change (Turkmenistan). By
Vegh 2003 ; (2) political distortions (Talvi and Vegh 2005; Tornell and Lane 1999; Velasco 2008) . The lack of access to credit markets in bad times naturally leaves governments with no choice but to ... cut spending and raise taxes, whereas political pressures for additional spending in good times are hard to resist. Improving access to credit in bad times (including official financial assistance from
scenarios also assume a low political will to 6 Carbon lock-in refers to the difficulty to shift the economy and technological systems into a low-carbon path (Unruh 2000) . Depressed aggregate demand, the ... the rebalancing of conflicting political and economic interests give rise to changes in existing norms and institutions.7 Crises throw existing institutions, governance structures, and theories that
exacerbates the situation, as commercial courts have been subject to political influence. (Gustafsson 2013; Lambert-Mogiliansky et al. 2007) . These problems have significantly increased the opportunity cost ... are various socioeconomic risks that obscure the predictability of corporate investment. Risks associated with the country’s economic, financial, political, and social conditions create uncertainties
, Philadelphia; P. Weiss, Sport. A Philosophical Inquiry, London 1969; R.G. Osterhoudt (ed.), The Philosophy of Sport, Springfield 1973; H. Lenk, S. Moser, E. Beyer (Hrsg.), Philosophie des Sports, Schondorf 1973
fizycznej w Polsce1 / Philosophy of physical culture in Poland S?owa kluczowe: filozofia kultury fizycznej, filozofia sportu, wychowanie fizyczne Artyku? zawiera syntetyczne opracowanie wypowiedzi polskich my ... ]. Wojciech J. Cynarski wsp?lnie z Kazimierzem Obody?skim u?ywaj? tego okr?lenia we wsp?lnym opracowaniu Oriental philosophy of sport as interpretation of martial arts of the Far East (Orientalna filozofia
–85 FILOZOFIA / PHILOSOPHY JERZY KOSIEWICZ AWF Warszawa (Polska) istotne źródło, dlatego że warunkuje rozpoczęcie prawidłowych i rzetelnych dociekań naukowych na gruncie filozofii sportu. Eksploracja ... członków British Philosophy of Sport Association, European Association for the Philosophy of Sport oraz International Association for the Philosophy of Sport głównie ze względu na brak odpowiedniego
