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construction. In picture (d) the RDP house failed soon after receiving its first coat of paint. The current philosophy for dealing with this problem in South Africa revolves around building strength and ... stiffness into foundations, combined with providing movement joints to allow a degree of flexibility in superstructures. Comparing Figures 1 to 4 with Figure 5 suggests that this philosophy might lead to
these designs into many political and religious structures. Many of these structures are catenary or funicular in form, and are characterised by a pure compressive stress distribution - an essential
these designs into many political and religious structures. Many of these structures are catenary or funicular in form, and are characterised by a pure compressive stress distribution - an essential
significant increase in variability of c/Ck, using only the New-SANS model in a reliability assessment may be too drastic. Instead, a Bayesian philosophy was employed, where the New-SANS model was taken as a
verification. Structural Safety, 22(1): 27-60. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-4730(99)00037-5. [ Links ] Rackwitz, R 2005. The philosophy behind the life quality index and empirical verification. Updated
budgetary process to motivate for financial or other resources. This natural progression with respect to the use and popularity of the URV coincided with a radical change within the political-social-economic ... external political economy. Thus, there was a need to manage water resources more effectively and to secure internal water security through water supply management (WSM) (Lowenberg 1997). This led to a very
improvement has recently been revisited. There is currently a movement towards the acceptance of the Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) philosophy. Within this, Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) form the ... stormwater management component (Armitage et al 2013c). This philosophy has many aspects, but has been specifically defined by the authors of the "Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) for South Africa
2000. Design philosophy of concrete linings for tunnels in soft soils. PhD thesis. Delft, Netherlands: Technical University of Delft. [ Links ] Collins, M & Mitchell, D 1991. Prestressed
municipal underperformance (Lawless 2007; Macleod 2007). Palmer Development Group, in a Municipal Demarcation Board (MDB) review, also identifies the importance of leadership within the political and ... positive change and is attractive to managers seeking to operationalise a performance improvement philosophy in an organisation. Challenges in performing these assessments include quantifying different
municipal underperformance (Lawless 2007; Macleod 2007). Palmer Development Group, in a Municipal Demarcation Board (MDB) review, also identifies the importance of leadership within the political and ... positive change and is attractive to managers seeking to operationalise a performance improvement philosophy in an organisation. Challenges in performing these assessments include quantifying different
. Safety philosophy for existing structures and partial factors for traffic loads on bridges. Heron, 55(2): 123-140. [ Links ] Sýkora, M, Holický, M, Prieto, M & Tanner, P 2015. Uncertainties in
source and point source pollution removal. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 157(1): 391-406. [ Links ] Dickson, M & Baird, D 2011. Handbook of the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 7 ... . Philosophy of Statistics. Amsterdam: Elsevier. [ Links ] Dixon, W J & Mood, A M 1946. The statistical sign test. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 41(236): 557-66. Available at: http
source and point source pollution removal. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 157(1): 391-406. [ Links ] Dickson, M & Baird, D 2011. Handbook of the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 7 ... . Philosophy of Statistics. Amsterdam: Elsevier. [ Links ] Dixon, W J & Mood, A M 1946. The statistical sign test. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 41(236): 557-66. Available at: http
need to be aware of the wider social and political structures that enable or constrain individuals, particularly women, to affirm their rights and exercise choice. Indeed, it has been argued that, in ... practicing FGM is likely to be difficult to diffuse [53]. In addition, Wejnert [54] draws attention to “environmental” factors that affect diffusion including political context, local culture, and increasing
need to be aware of the wider social and political structures that enable or constrain individuals, particularly women, to affirm their rights and exercise choice. Indeed, it has been argued that, in ... practicing FGM is likely to be difficult to diffuse [53]. In addition, Wejnert [54] draws attention to “environmental” factors that affect diffusion including political context, local culture, and increasing
need to be aware of the wider social and political structures that enable or constrain individuals, particularly women, to affirm their rights and exercise choice. Indeed, it has been argued that, in ... practicing FGM is likely to be difficult to diffuse [53]. In addition, Wejnert [54] draws attention to “environmental” factors that affect diffusion including political context, local culture, and increasing
need to be aware of the wider social and political structures that enable or constrain individuals, particularly women, to affirm their rights and exercise choice. Indeed, it has been argued that, in ... practicing FGM is likely to be difficult to diffuse [53]. In addition, Wejnert [54] draws attention to “environmental” factors that affect diffusion including political context, local culture, and increasing
need to be aware of the wider social and political structures that enable or constrain individuals, particularly women, to affirm their rights and exercise choice. Indeed, it has been argued that, in ... practicing FGM is likely to be difficult to diffuse [53]. In addition, Wejnert [54] draws attention to “environmental” factors that affect diffusion including political context, local culture, and increasing
), most of whom are smallholder irrigators. It is often believed that irrigation is the key to alleviating poverty, especially in rural areas. The development of smallholder irrigators has a political ... irrigation, and allocate funds expressly to develop these irrigators. By using the correct design philosophy and optimising the irrigation system, the project life cycle costs can be minimised and the best
), most of whom are smallholder irrigators. It is often believed that irrigation is the key to alleviating poverty, especially in rural areas. The development of smallholder irrigators has a political ... irrigation, and allocate funds expressly to develop these irrigators. By using the correct design philosophy and optimising the irrigation system, the project life cycle costs can be minimised and the best
