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This paper aims to detect the presence of political budget cycles (PBuCs) around presidential elections in four large Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico) over the 1982 ... sensitive to political manipulation were found, such as subsidies and public works, along with pre-electoral increases in total expenditure in the former one, and in goods and services in the latter. Key
This paper aims to determine the impact of political risk on private investment in Peru. Therefore, the methodology used to achieve this goal is an econometric estimation through an autoregressive ... paper takes into consideration i) the short- and long-run effects of political risk and ii) whether this risk could be influenced by political regimes. The results show that political risk does not have a
institutions; and 4) limitations imposed by the political processes of integration at national and international levels (Tejedor Estupiñán, 2022).Historical and geopolitical analyses have identified that unequal ... also important to consider the global development, which should guarantee the progressive reduction of the economic, political, and social inequalities. Finally, it is necessary to guarantee the
corresponding calculations were based on economic and socio-political contexts that influenced the measures adopted in the four PA countries in face of the COVID-19 pandemic; in particular, measures that began in
, environmental, social and political factors being equally important, following the concepts of sustainable development. In general, only aspects related to investment, construction, equipment acquisition and ... of knowledge expressed by environmental, political, social and technical-economic dimensions and uses technical analysis and mathematical tools that configure its systemic character (Rigolin, 2013
petroleum derived products, in a Case Study. The method deals with technical, economic, environmental, social and political factors being equally important, following the concepts of sustainable development ... of knowledge expressed by environmental, political, social and technical-economic dimensions and uses technical analysis and mathematical tools that configure its systemic character (Rigolin, 2013
The Project of Radical Democracy and Negotiant Democracy Absract The crisis faced by the modern political identity introduced modern politics to a cri- sis as well. Two suggestions to solve the ... , hegemony. Habermas' negotiant democracy model, on the other hand, suggests “the theory of communicative action” which will lead political subjects to reconciliation by means of negotiation on a rational
theoretical point of view, it is understood that the financial markets reflect the reality of economy. Therefore, the stock exchange indicator of a given country reflects the economic and political reality ... , that is, the financial markets measured by the stock exchange indicator can serve as a proxy for political and economic variables. Thus, changes in macroeconomic variables such as the exchange rate
States may need to intervene in international trade for economic, political and social reasons. In this study, the effects of tariffs on international trade were investigated by using statistical ... designing international trade policy. Trade Openness; International Trade; The Tariffs - National governments may need intervene the international trade because of economic, political and social reasons
Political participation is a concept which handles the mutual relationship between political power and individuals and expresses citizens’ actions aimed to influence political power. Political ... is a multidimensional phenomenon covering many aspects such as being interested in, voting, being a member of a political party and protests, is accepted as a important criterion in order to determine
Democracy is perhaps the most popular political norm in modern discourse. For most sovereign states in Africa however, democratisation and its challenges have for long remained daunting. Even though ... states, one can safely state that democratisation is the most threatened political project in Africa. Suffice to state that this 'struggle' underlies the challenges to democratisation in Africa which is
during the time this paper was written. REFERENCES 1. Acemoglu, D., & Pischke, J. S. (1999). The structure of wages and investment in general training. Journal of Political Economy, 107(3), 539 ... -572. https://doi.org/10.1086/250071 [ Links ] 2. Adams, J. D., & Univer, V. (1980). Relative capital formation in the United States. Journal of Political Economy, 88(3), 561-577. https://doi.org
It is observed that the interaction between politics and economics have increased over the years. Political instability, which is seen as a threading factor the presence of government party, has an ... study, the relationship between political stability and government final consumption expenditure was investigated by using VAR analysis in Turkey using data for the period 1986-2013. The analysis results
only military but also social, political, economic and environmental aspects.Turkey’s national security has also started to undergo a transformation to some extent after the end of the Cold War. However ... . İleriki yıllarda yapılacak araştırmalar bu konuda daha somut bulgular ortaya koyacaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kopenhag siyasi kriterleri, Türkiye, Ulusal Güvenlik Implications of the Copenhagen Political
The aim of the study is to present how the current political system is affected by the election of the President directly by the public due to the Constitutional change made in 2007 and contribute ... current political system discussions with historical highlights. Political systems are the phenomena formed by the social, political, and diplomatic factors. Along with this aim, the presidential system
Europeans. This paper uses the analytical and critical tools of philosophy to review the pan African and decolonialization efforts in the light of their vision, aspirations and successes. The paper concludes ... implications of Rousseau’s political philosophy, in defence of their identity declared the popular American independence that celebrates equality, freedom and fundamental rights. The frustration and bad
agriculture and in industry. This is in stark contrast with the extraordinary success of the ‘developmental’ states of East and Southeast Asia. While the latter pursued a political strategy of rising living ... socialism, permeated with ‘African conviviality’.43 Other examples of Africa political philosophy that are “human-centred and couched in the ideology of ‘welfarism’ or better still ‘socialism’ are Kaunda’s
agriculture and in industry. This is in stark contrast with the extraordinary success of the ‘developmental’ states of East and Southeast Asia. While the latter pursued a political strategy of rising living ... socialism, permeated with ‘African conviviality’.43 Other examples of Africa political philosophy that are “human-centred and couched in the ideology of ‘welfarism’ or better still ‘socialism’ are Kaunda’s
conversations carried out for this purpose have posed unanswered questions of economic, political, and social nature about how to carry out this order successfully; this has raised serious doubts about its
conversations carried out for this purpose have posed unanswered questions of economic, political, and social nature about how to carry out this order successfully; this has raised serious doubts about its