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“moral reality of war.”12 This article will draw from history, political philosophy, legal theory, sociology, moral philosophy, applied ethics, and strategic studies—as well as international law—to ... militaries understand that term in their doctrine. Military doctrine is highly significant since it institutes the philosophy and principles that underlie military activity.17 One such philosophical tenet is
to influence the views, attitudes, or behavior of adversaries or civilian populations to achieve political and military objectives. Chinese military strategy describes “psychological offense and ... political, economic and social system [or] psychologically manipulating masses of the population to destabilize society and the State.” Agreement Between the Governments too: Hassan Nasrallah, the leader of
political independence of a State). 27. Trapp asserts that the response to 9/11 was a reflection of an acceptance that NSAs can be the subject of force in self-defense under Article 51, when necessary, given ... reliance on the doctrine, and the likely political basis for their criticism of the actions of the United States, one could contend that this does not amount to inconsistent internal State practice. 82. U.N
): Antibacterial Efficacy and Safety of Selected Kenyan Medicinal Plants a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (PhD) in the Department of
, practice, and logic of ICL are displacing those of IHL. With its doctrinal precision, elaborate institutions, and the seemingly irresistible claim of political and moral priority, ICL is overshadowing the ... are too remote from the site of alleged crimes to be able to adjudicate them accurately; criminal trials that are too divorced from the broader political and social context to adjudicate fairly
international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.” This ... the employment of an invisible acoustic device against military divers be considered a “use of force” against the territorial integrity or political independence of a State? The UN Charter does not
to examine these socio-political issues during the requirements analysis (Thew and Sutcliffe 2018) . The IEEE organization has addressed ethical values concerns during system design at the IEEE-7000 ... for hundreds of years, still debates the ultimate definition of value. David Ricardo, one of the most influential political economists, concluded two centuries ago that 'there is no such thing in nature
-term policy interests including security and stability; and ( 3 ) a political perspective, to consider the situational context in which government decisionmakers will face these issues and predictive ... questions should incorporate the strategic and political dimensions in their analysis.2 This is not just to make the banal, generic point that politics, strategy and law are interrelated. Of course they are
politically motivated crimes. The distinction between “private ends” and “public purposes,” however, is not one of economic or political motivations. Rather, the distinction reflects the ban on privateering in ... , the political motivations or lack of personal financial gain of the act of piracy are irrelevant to the analysis of whether the “private ends” element of the offense is fulfilled. While a “private end
global geo-political instability by increasing tension among competing distant water fishing fleets, threatening the sustainability of coastal States’ fisheries, and damaging fragile ecosystems. This ... instruments to combat IUU fishing have been ineffective due to a lack of political will, priority, capacity, and resources to ratify or accede to and implement them. IUU fishing undermines national and regional
impossible to enforce due to practical challenges. Whatever one might think of it, stirring this sleeping beauty of the law of naval warfare will come with legal, practical, and political intricacies and ... declared dangerous and prohibited as of the 20th of July 2023 05:00 Kyiv Time. Relevant information has been published to the attention of navigators.14 Obviously, both are political statements rather than
exclusion, marginalization, and silencing in both policy and law in pursuit of what the author describes as a transformative disarmament agenda. It is concerned not only with women’s political activism and ... explicitly political commitment which goes beyond theoretical critique. To borrow from Gramsci, I regard feminism as a philosophy of praxis and share Otto’s view that “activism is a form of critique, and
that time. However, political changes brought on by the demise of the Soviet Union and the growing appreciation of free market principles by a more significant part of the international community
of armed conflict or international humanitarian law. The commander is accountable to superior military and civilian leaders, and is subject to political, institutional, and legal sanctions enforced ... ) M-16 rife, engaged in the Phoenix Program of political assassination, and destroyed crops to deprive insurgents of food in the countryside.37 While States may differ in their interpretation of the
additional unknown number subjected to daytime-only “re-education” training; political prisoners; . . . arbitrary interference with privacy including pervasive and intrusive technical surveillance and ... been essential “to international peace and security and political stability; to achieve economic and social progress and development; and to protect people’s rights and fundamental freedoms,” as well as
impose their political will and interests on the regional States. This reservation is clearly in effect in regard to maritime security initiatives, in particular the PSI. The relationship between the PSI ... shared desire to deter the proliferation of WMD, its opponents view it as eroding navigational freedom and somewhat dampening seaborne commerce.2 In this regard, the PSI lacks political support from some
involvement of a third State in such an agreement presents significant political challenges, as it can potentially encroach upon the sovereignty of the coastal State. Additionally, the third State would require ... a resolute political determination to assume the associated risks and intervene in matters concerning maritime militia vessels. V. CONCLUSION This article has focused on the Chinese maritime
serve as main barriers in controlling brucellosis are conventional livestock policies, political influences, inadequate implementation of control measures, usage of old traditional practices, consumption
around us, transformed into philosophy, a term attributed to Pythagoras. The practice of philosophy through dialectics, logical arguments, or critical thinking, became a cornerstone of western civilization ... as an approach to decipher the essence or even the truth about important questions. Philosophy seems a very appropriate approach to study designing as it tries to answer fundamental questions about the
need to understand each other’s perspectives and agree on what the models mean. The paper draws on philosophy of science to argue that understanding a design process model can be seen as an imagination ... . KeywordsEngineering design Design process models Process management Philosophy of technology Make-believe theory 1 Introduction: process models direct actions What is a design process model telling you to do? What
