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We investigate the political bias of a large language model (LLM), ChatGPT, which has become popular for retrieving factual information and generating content. Although ChatGPT assures that it is ... . & Bernstein , M. S. ( 2023 ). Generative agents: Interactive simulacra of human behavior . arXiv. Peters , U. ( 2022 ). Algorithmic political bias in artificial intelligence systems . Philosophy & Technology
Political Science , London , UK 3 Department of Economics and Centro de Investigación Económica , ITAM, Mexico City , Mexico 4 Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics , Stockholm , Sweden ... 1 Introduction Political parties are often viewed as coalitions of like-minded individuals that seek to implement policies that might not otherwise garner enough support. As such, parties assume the
directly enforced by coercive, political means. The unprecedented use of state intervention in response to infectious disease provoked a host of questions concerning the role of the state and the political ... , on the rules structuring our social, political, and economic interactions. Political institutions are of particular interest, given the potential for opportunistic behavior. What incentives do those
salience following the COVID-19 pandemic. Such cases frequently are invoked as evidence of the limits of liberal political economy for dealing with public emergencies. Through a re-reading of classical ... , & S. Stein (Eds.), Buchanan's tensions: Reexamining the political economy and philosophy of James M. Buchanan . Arlington, Virginia: Mercatus Center at George Mason University. Weingast , B. R. ( 1997
debt repayment obligations. As a result, they have turned to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for emergency assistance. We argue that the involvement of the Fund wipes out much of the political ... effect is strongest in more corrupt regimes. Our argument and analysis contribute to understanding international finance's political economy, specifically how mixing creditors can be politically risky for
In this article, we study the local political mobilization effects of political protests in the context of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement. We analyze monthly voter registration data from 2136 ... some preliminary evidence that the large scale of the protests and their extensive news coverage might have reduced the importance of experiencing a protest firsthand. Political protests; Voting; Black
must take sides. Because the law seemed to support strife, it presents a puzzle. The paper offers a political economy rationale for Solon’s law against neutrality, modeling social conflict as a rent ... exclusion of any social group. Ancient Athens; Solon; Political non-neutrality; Rent seeking; Intra-elite competition; Political apathy; Civil war; Inclusive institutions 1 Introduction In 594 BCE, after a
dialogical philosophy of human interaction as a foundation for his catallactic point of view. ... on the one hand and the speculative thinking of moral philosophy on the other. (Buchanan, 1982, p. 8) In this article we highlight one of the most underappreciated aspects of Buchanan’s scholarship
We identify as political transformists the Italian members of parliament (MPs) who cross the aisle and vote for legislation opposed by their own political group—i.e., MPs who transform from the ... political opposition to the ruling parties (or from government supporters) into a force supporting the government (or opposition)-thus representing sources of party and governmental instability. Transformism
incumbent. The effect is larger where institutional secularization is more advanced, for example where the religious establishment has moderated itself or has been moderated by the political authority. The ... organizations have ended up with greater political power (Auriol & Platteau, 2017). This paper aims to shed new light on these failures by developing a religious club model with endogenous entry and cultural
Tennessee, Chattanooga, the Haslam College of Business at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and the Political Economy Research Institute at Middle Tennessee State University. Dr. Black is an emeritus ... , Knoxville, and the Political Economy Research Institute at Middle Tennessee State University. The conference, organized by Claudia WilliamsonKramer, Ramon P. DeGennaro, and Daniel J. Smith, occurred September
This is the introduction to the special issue “The Freiburg School and the Virginia School: The Research Programs of Ordnungsökonomik and Constitutional Political Economy”. It provides opening ... methodological developments in academic economics. They derive lessons for the future of constitutional political economy and address the challenges of the economic profession’s growing empirical orientation
) and the strength of police unions—explain why the predominant political equilibrium is one with protected police officers as a barrier to reform. We discuss several additional reforms suggested by ... (Davis 2021) . Thus, a significant question is to what degree the movement has changed policing institutions and whether it, like many prior reform efforts, has confronted a lack of political will to
so today, economists and political scientists treat “the enforcement apparatus of police, courts, prosecutors, and legislature as a philosopher-king, with imperfect knowledge but only the best of ... enforcement implications . Public Choice , pp. 1 - 27 . Becker , G. S. ( 1968 ). Crime and punishment: An economic approach . Journal of Political Economy , 76 ( 2 ), 169 - 217 . Beiser-McGrath , J. , & Beiser
Contemporary political and policy debate rhetoric increasingly employs the language of ‘rights’: how they are assigned and what entitlements individuals in a society are due. While the obvious ... economics is that political institutions matter for economic outcomes. In particular, constitutions–as templates for establishing the “rules of the game”–impact a variety of economic variables through both
, M. C. ( 2015 ). The anatomy of government failure . Public Choice , 164 , 1 - 42 . Kogelmann , B. ( 2021 ). Secrecy and transparency in political philosophy . Philosophy Compass , 16 ( 4 ), e12733 ... (Eds.), Exploring the Political Economy and Social Philosophy of Vincent and Elinor Ostrom (pp. 3 - 30 ). London: Rowmand & Littlefield International. Rayamajhee , V. , & Paniagua , P. ( 2021 ). The
discipline is Economics, I am inclined to focus on the intersections between Economics and Philosophy, and between Economics and Political Science. (Brennan 2016, p. 331) Geoff began in public economics ... with the mainstream Rawlsian approach to political philosophy. Some of Geoff’s later work adopts the same constitutional framework to critique arguments within post-Rawlsian political philosophy
consistent with a related strand of literature for general elections that indicates higher turnout benefits left-wing political parties. ... ), and (2) religious-moral issues arising over time in response to the “imprint of the conservative Catholic social and political philosophy that was prevalent at the time (the 1937 Constitution) was
Are the nondelegation, major questions, and political question doctrines mutually intelligible? This article asks whether there is more than superficial resemblance between the nondelegation, major ... questions, and political question concepts in Wayman v. Southard, 23 U.S. (10 Wheat.) 1 (1825), an early nondelegation case that has become focal in recent nondelegation and major questions scholarship and
political contingency, explain the outcome: a Convention under the control of party-less independents, the exceptional underrepresentation of the political right, and a highly decentralized and public writing ... ; Political parties; Constitution-writing rules; Chile 1 Introduction On September 4, 2022, Chilean voters turned down the draft constitution that had been prepared by an elected convention by 62–38%. This
