Bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) affects cattle health and productivity worldwide. A nationwide surveillance of BVDV-1 showed persistent circulation in Taiwan in past decade. It exists in two biotypes—noncytopathic (ncp) and cytopathic (cp), which differ in clinical presentation and pathogenic mechanisms. Despite its prevalence in Taiwan, the genomic features that...
Automated behavior monitoring is increasingly important in precision dairy farming, supporting early disease detection, welfare assessment, and productivity optimization. Although accelerometers effectively detect postural changes, they have limited capacity to capture rotational or transitional movements. Gyroscopes provide complementary angular velocity data that may enhance...
A smart textile device has been developed for the recording of electrocardiograms (ECGs) in horses; however, the utility of this device for long-duration heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring and detection of physiological arrhythmias is unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to validate a smart textile device for HRV over long durations (6 h) in resting horses...
The transition period in goats is a critical phase characterized by significant physiological and metabolic changes as they prepare for parturition and the onset of lactation. This study investigated the effects of injectable AD3EC vitamin as an antioxidant on oxidative stress markers in Raini cashmere goats during the transition period. Twenty Raini cashmere goats were randomly...
The spleen is a highly organized lymphoid organ with a critical role in antimicrobial immune responses. Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is widely recognized for its ability to induce immunosuppression, with the spleen being one of the primary parenchymal organs of target. Viral infections often disrupt endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, leading to ER stress and subsequent apoptosis...
Chicken hepatocytes are a valuable resource for cell-based assays and investigating the underlying mechanisms of diseases. In this study, we examined in vitro generation of chicken hepatocytes from three embryonic developmental stages. Hepatocytes were isolated from 5-, 7-, and 10-day-old chicken embryos and cultured in DMEM/F12 + 10% FBS. After 3 days, we measured proliferation...
The intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG) measured by color M-mode echocardiography (CMME) and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) have emerged as novel imaging techniques for heart function evaluation. Various experimental and clinical studies have been conducted on animals, but reports on ruminant species are limited. This study aimed to determine the...
Piroplasms, which include the two genera Babesia and Theileria, are protozoan parasites transmitted by Ixodid ticks that infect the erythrocytes of vertebrate hosts, including humans, domestic animals, and wild animals. The present study examined how common and distinct genotypes of the above tick-borne parasites are in the New Valley Governorate in Egypt, which covers 440,098...
Insights into the effect of Atriplex on the performance of growing camels can support Atriplex as an alternative feed resource for sustainable agriculture. This study evaluated the effect of replacing alfalfa hay with Atriplex nummularia hay on rumen microbiota and fermentation, and the growth performance of camel calves. Twenty-four one-year camels were allocated into three...
Cross-species transmission of several viral neuropathogens may lead to fatal disease in incidental hosts. The newly discovered rustrela virus (RusV) as well as Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of hemagglutinin subtype H5 may cause fatal lymphocytic meningoencephalitis in a broad range of...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and operative outcomes of percutaneous endoscopic mini-hemilaminectomy (PE-MHL) compared to standard open mini-hemilaminectomy (SO-MHL) in feline cadavers. A prospective, controlled, paired cadaver study was conducted using fifteen skeletally mature domestic short-haired cat cadavers (median body weight 3.9 kg). At the L4...
As the sows constitute a major source of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in piglets, undetected PRRSV in sows poses a significant challenge to the success of PRRSV control and elimination programs. The dynamics of PRRSV persistence in individual sows remains unanswered majorly because of the lack of practical individual sampling tools. The...
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV), porcine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV), and porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) are common coronaviruses of cattle and swine, but they are rarely monitored. From December 2021 to March 2022, we collected 2,639 bovine and 2,633 porcine serum samples from Belgian herds to determine the current seroprevalence of BCoV, PHEV and PRCV in...
In 2018, ground subsidence caused by rock salt extraction in Maceió (Alagoas, Brazil) forced the relocation of thousands of residents, resulting in a significant increase in animal abandonment, particularly dogs and cats. This study analyzed the occurrence of these abandonments in the affected neighborhoods and evaluated the impact of interventions implemented by the "Projeto...
The present research evaluated the effect of water-soluble cannabidiol (CBD) emulsion on egg yolk fatty acid profile, liver health, and gene expression in laying hens. 180 Lohmann Brown Classic hens were divided into experimental groups, including a control group, a blank group (emulsifier only), and three groups receiving CBD. Cannabidiol was administered in drinking water for...
Double inlet left ventricle (DILV) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly characterized by a functionally univentricular atrioventricular connection, in which most or all atrial inflow is directed to the dominant, morphologic left ventricle via either two separate atrioventricular valves or a common atrioventricular valve. The second ventricle is typically a rudimentary (incomplete...
Despite the use of effective vaccines, myxomatosis remains a blight on European rabbit farms. The causative agent, myxoma virus (MYXV), is endemic in wild populations of leporids on the Iberian Peninsula. The detection of specific anti-MYXV antibodies in rabbit sera provides an essential part of control and epidemiological programs in both wild and domestic rabbits. Currently...
Antlers are unique bones and are very characteristic secondary sexual organs of cervids males. Rapid growth of its can cause physiological exhaustion and seasonal osteoporosis. Antlers develop with the age of the male, which is also related to his physiological and psychological ability to reproduce. Males of fallow deer reaches sexual maturity in its second year of life, only...
Intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) of antibiotics is a therapeutic method used to treat distal limb infections in horses. The objectives of this study were to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters and tolerance of sodium benzylpenicillin (NaBP) administered via IVRLP; to compare the feasibility, tolerance, and efficacy of performing IVRLP on a flexed limb versus a...
Paraganglioma (PGL) is a general term for tumors that originate in the paraganglia in dogs, most commonly reported in the carotid and aortic bodies. Reports on surgical treatment are rare because these tumors develop near large blood vessels, and their prognosis remains unclear. In dogs, the indications for and safety of surgical procedures involving the celiac artery (CA) root...
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) remains a major concern for the swine industry worldwide due to its significant economic impact and its association with respiratory co-infections. Vaccination is a key strategy for PRRS control; however, the most effective commercial anti-PRRSV vaccines to date—live attenuated vaccines, also named modified live virus (MLV...
Edema disease (ED) and post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) are major health and economic challenges in the swine industry, primarily caused by F18+ Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). These diseases typically occur within 1–2 weeks after weaning and are associated with high morbidity and mortality, resulting in substantial economic losses worldwide. The pathogenesis of ED is...
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly transmissible viral infection affecting cloven-hoofed animals, significantly impacting livestock productivity and trade in India. The causative agent, FMD virus (FMDV), exhibits considerable genetic and antigenic diversity, with serotype O being most prevalent. Haryana, a northern Indian state with a large susceptible livestock population...
Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that significantly impairs quality of life. Nutritional interventions have gained attention as supportive therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the clinical efficacy and safety of a functional diet containing Siraitia grosvenorii residual extract by evaluating its effects on clinical symptoms and...
Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites remain a significant global challenge to livestock health and farm productivity, particularly in resource-limited regions. Accurate and reliable fecal egg count (FEC) methods are essential for quantifying parasite burden and evaluating anthelmintic efficacy. This study compared the diagnostic performance of the Mini-FLOTAC and the modified McMaster...