The policy implementation playbook: a cross-policy taxonomy of post-adoption tobacco industry tactics

Background Tobacco industry interference during policy development is well documented, yet evidence on how the industry responds after policies are adopted and enter into force remains fragmented across policy domains and jurisdictions. This study systematically examines post-adoption tobacco industry conduct across key tobacco control measures and develops a cross-policy...

A quantitative assessment of dialectal variation in a linguistic transition zone: spatial insights from vernacular bird names in southeastern Spain

Background Understanding the factors underlying dialectal variation across culturally and environmentally heterogeneous territories remains a major challenge in geolinguistic and ethnobiological research. The province of Almería (southeastern Spain) has often been described as a linguistic transition zone within the Hispanic domain, where features of eastern Andalusian and...

Compilation and application of a comprehensive ocean economy input-output table: the case of China

The emergence of new ocean industries driven by technological innovation creates an urgent need for updated ocean economic statistical frameworks. The ocean economy refers to the aggregate of all industrial activities involved in the development, utilization, and protection of the ocean, as well as the activities associated with them. However, the industrial classification used...

Effects of psychosocial interventions on sexual function, quality of life, and stress in women with gynecologic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives To evaluate the effects of psychosocial interventions on sexual function, quality of life, and stress levels in women with gynecologic cancer. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and the YÖK Thesis Center were searched between June and July 2024...

Correction to: Improving aptamer binding affinity for HN protein of newcastle disease virus: molecular dynamics simulations and MM/GBSA calculations studies

Effects of anterior cruciate ligament resection and total knee arthroplasty on lower limb alignment and tibiofemoral rotation

Background The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a key structure that restricts excessive anterior translation of the tibia and maintains rotational stability. This study aims to dynamically and quantitatively assess the direct effects of ACL resection and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on lower limb alignment and tibiofemoral joint rotation under passive, unloaded conditions...

Biogeochemical cycling along soil chronosequences: implications for ecosystem development and vegetation restoration

Non-linearizable root group data

An RGD system \(\mathcal {D}\) is called linear w.r.t. a root basis \(\mathcal {B}\) if the commutation relations between the root groups of \(\mathcal {D}\) are ‘linear’ in a certain sense. Moreover, \(\mathcal {D}\) is called linearizable if there exists a root basis \(\mathcal {B}\) such that \(\mathcal {D}\) is linear w.r.t. \(\mathcal {B}\). For many examples of RGD systems...

Evaluation of nursing instructors’ readiness for blended teaching from the perspectives of instructors and students: a cross-sectional survey

Background Blended teaching is becoming the new normal of future education, and the sudden epidemic has accelerated this process. Instructors’ readiness for blended teaching has an important impact on the effectiveness of blended teaching and learning. This study aims to investigate nursing instructors’ readiness for blended teaching from the perspectives of instructors and...

Pathogenic signatures and therapeutic evaluation of emergent MPXV Clade Ib in low-susceptibility and immunocompromised mouse models

Background Monkeypox (Mpox) is a zoonotic disease that threatens global public health. Different clades of monkeypox virus (MPXV) vary in transmissibility and pathogenicity. In 2023, a Clade Ib MPXV variant emerged in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, continued to spread in parts of Africa, and subsequently spilled over to other regions, posing new challenges for outbreak...

A novel brewing process for fruit beers fermented with high jujube juice content and native yeast strains in China

China produces 99% of the world’s jujubes, yet there are overproduction challenges. Currently, most fruit beers are typically brewed with low fruit juice ratios (< 30%), blending late or post fermentation, leading to unbalanced flavors. This limits their sensory complexity and nutritional profile. Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba), which is rich in polyphenols and antioxidants, is...

Influence of contour strategy and chemical immersion on the surface characteristics and mechanical behaviour of electron beam powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4 V

Parts produced via electron beam powder bed fusion often exhibit higher lateral surface roughness relative to other metal-based powder bed processes due to partially sintered powder and the inherent layered building process. Increased roughness acts as stress concentrators that degrade mechanical performance, particularly fatigue life, and detached sintered particles can...

Beyond Simulation: Extended Reality as a Systems-Level Solution to Pediatric Resuscitation Skill Decay in Emergency Departments

Purpose of Review Pediatric resuscitation is a high-stakes, low-frequency clinical challenge disproportionately encountered in community emergency departments. This review evaluates Extended Reality (XR) - encompassing Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR) - as a scalable adjunct to traditional simulation-based training for supporting pediatric...

Phosphoproteomic profiling reveals post-translational dysregulation in Huntington’s disease patient-derived neurons

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the Huntingtin gene. Although transcriptomic and proteomic changes have been characterized in patient-derived neurons, the contribution of post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, remains poorly understood. Here, we present the first phosphoproteomic analysis by...

Novel biomarkers for sarcopenia: a narrative review

Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function. It is associated with an increased risk of falls, disability, and mortality, as well as a significant healthcare burden. Traditional assessment of sarcopenia relies on imaging techniques and physical function tests, which have important limitations...

Immune-inflammatory-fibrinogen score as a novel prognostic biomarker in patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical gastrectomy: a multicenter study

Background Gastric cancer (GC) progression involves changes in immune responses, inflammation, and coagulation. The prognostic value of related biomarkers remains unclear. This study aimed to develop a novel immune-inflammation-fibrinogen score (FSL score) to predict outcomes in GC patients after radical gastrectomy. Methods Clinicopathological data from 401 GC patients enrolled...

Audit of the prescription of antimicrobials using the four moments of decision tool in a university hospital

Background Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global threat driven by inappropriate antimicrobial use. The Four Moments of Antibiotic Decision Making is a stewardship framework that promotes rational antibiotic use. This study applied this framework to audit antimicrobial prescribing, assess adherence, and measure antimicrobial use. Methods We conducted a retrospective, cross...

Signed motif analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans neuronal network reveals positive feedforward and negative feedback loops

Background Nervous systems are complex biological networks with largely unknown structural and functional characteristics. Motif analysis is a robust tool that can reveal the unique aspects of connectivity in a complex network. An ideal candidate for motif analysis is the connectome of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which is the first fully reconstructed nervous system...

A simple and rapid method for wheat blast detection in the field

Wheat blast, caused by the Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum pathotype (MoT), is a devastating fungal disease that poses a significant global threat to wheat production. Rapid diagnosis is crucial for effective monitoring, containment, and management of this highly transmissible pathogen. In this study, we developed an integrated field-detection kit, named Wheat Blast Rapid Detection...

Effect of density and vessel configuration on embedment strength and compressive strength in hardwood timber

This study examines the influence of density and vessel configuration on the embedment and compressive strength of hardwoods through systematic mechanical testing. The results demonstrate a strong positive correlation between embedment strength and wood density, with high-density species (e.g., Ulin) achieving the highest performance. Comparative analysis revealed that ring...

Type II alveolar epithelial cell-specific CAP1 loss is associated with spontaneous pulmonary fibrosis and altered complement 5 signaling

Background Cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) is widely expressed in mammalian tissues; however, its physiological role in the lung remains largely unclear. This study aimed to explore the function of CAP1 in alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells and its potential association with pulmonary fibrosis. Methods and results An inducible AT2 cell–specific CAP1 conditional knockout mouse model...

The Impact of Visible Symptoms of Thallus Damage on the Phycobiota of Mediterranean Epiphytic Lichens

Lichens are excellent bioindicators of overall ecosystem health. The symbiotic nature of their thalli enables tracking changes in humidity, temperature, habitat disturbance and air pollution, often before larger plants do. Sensitive species usually show visible thallus damage, such as bleaching or changes in colour (including total or partial necrosis, and death of the...

Circumventing IFN-γ induced resistance in ovarian cancer with a double-hit: NKG2A knockout of PRAME-TCR expressing NK cells

Background The success of NK cell therapies against solid tumors remains limited, possibly due to tumor resistance mechanisms associated with the upregulation of inhibitory ligands. Previous studies have demonstrated that expanded NK cells can lyse ovarian cancer cells and produce IFN-γ. However, secretion of IFN-γ within the tumor microenvironment, leads to the upregulation of...

Insecticidal activity of essential oils extracted from the leaves of three Lippia sp. against Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775)

Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius, 1775) is considered the main pest that damages stored Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp grains. Control of this insect is usually achieved through the use of synthetic insecticides, whose residual effects pose risks to human health and the environment. Given the important economic losses caused by the infestations of this pest and the need to...

Eculizumab in Myasthenia Gravis: A Multicenter Retrospective Real-World Study in China

Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder needing long-term immunosuppressive therapy. Eculizumab is a promising treatment, but real-world evidence on its efficacy and safety is limited. Methods This retrospective cohort study across six medical centers enrolled 60 patients with MG on eculizumab. Clinical data, including MG-Activities of...

Integrating lifestyle and clinical data in prostate cancer: expert assessment of a questionnaire

Purpose Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a significant health burden as one of the most common cancers among men worldwide. Given the growing evidence of lifestyle’s impact on PCa progression, this study evaluates multidisciplinary experts’ feedback on a novel questionnaire assessing lifestyle factors potentially influencing PCa progression. Methods Developed through systematic...

Mesh placement and patient-reported outcomes in primary ventral hernia repair: a nationwide survey- and register-based study

Background Mesh repair reduces recurrence risk, but evidence regarding patient-reported outcomes (PROs) across mesh placements remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between mesh placement and PROs in primary ventral hernia repair, and secondarily the prevalence of severe chronic pain and foreign body sensation. Methods This nationwide survey- and...

Early childhood caries–related complications in pediatric dental emergencies: a 7-year retrospective study from Romania

Objectives Early childhood caries (ECC) is a highly prevalent and largely preventable disease that may lead to severe complications requiring emergency dental care. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the presentation patterns, clinical characteristics, and management of ECC-related complications among children presenting to a pediatric dental emergency service over a...

Correction: Induction of cervical disc degeneration and discogenic pain by low concentration Propionibacterium acnes infection: an in vivo animal study

Machine-learning-model based tool for screening bone metastases from lung cancer patients in primary care practice

Purpose This study aimed to use the machine-learning methods to predict bone metastasis (BM) in patients with lung cancer. Methods This study included 8,612 patients with lung cancer, from whom we collected baseline characteristics and hematological data. BM was diagnosed based on imaging results. We normalized metric data using Z-scores and divided the patients into training and...