Brain Imaging and Behavior

Brain Imaging and Behavior is a bi-monthly, peer-reviewed journal, that publishes innovative, clinically relevant research using neuroimaging approaches to ...

List of Papers (Total 323)

Analysis of the relationship between brain activation and clinical indicators in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

This study aimed to identify the clinical symptoms and indicators that might affect brain activity in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Thirty-one patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment were recruited between March 2022 and June 2023. Functional magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological tests, and blood tests were also performed. Brain activation...

The neurobiology of motivational anhedonia in patients with depression

Anhedonia is a core feature of depression. It contains a consummatory and a motivational aspect. Whilst much neuroimaging research in patients with depression focused on the consummatory aspect of anhedonia, less is known about its motivational aspect. This study aimed to explore the neurobiology of networks related to motivational anhedonia. Thirty-eight patients with major...

Reduced automaticity in freezing of gait is associated with elevated cortico-cerebellar connectivity

Freezing of gait (FOG) in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease is associated with a loss of gait automaticity. This loss of automaticity is demonstrated by worsening gait performance while dual tasking. Functional connectivity between the cerebellar vermis and cortex have previously been associated with spatiotemporal measures of gait in PD. The objective of this study was to...

Reduced local functional connectivity correlates with atypical performances in children with autism spectrum disorder

To characterize local functional connectivity (FC) differences in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to typically developed (TD) children, and to analyze the correlation between local FC and the atypical behavior in autistic children. Thirty children with ASD and 25 TD children were recruited. Participants underwent rs-fMRI scans, and regional homogeneity (ReHo...

Regional high iron deposition on brain quantitative susceptibility mapping correlates with cognitive decline in chronic kidney disease patients

This study aimed to evaluate changes in gray matter nuclei iron deposition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients using the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) threshold method, and analyze the relationship between brain iron levels and cognitive function. A total of fifty-three CKD patients were prospectively recruited, comprising 35 hemodialysis (HD, 57.54 ± 10.42 years...

Elevated vascular endothelial growth factor a is associated with disruption of default network connectivity in older adults

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) is an angiogenic signaling protein involved in the maintenance of the cerebral vasculature. No prior study has explored whether plasma VEGF-A levels may be associated with brain functional connectivity changes, such as disruption of the default mode network (DMN), which often precedes the development of cognitive changes in aging...

Exploring neuroanatomy and neuropsychology in digital financial decision-making: betrayal aversion and risk behavior

Detecting the factors associated with financial decision-making is an unresolved challenge when trying to predict digital financial behavior. This paper reports experimental results on both neuropsychological and neuronal correlates of risk-taking and betrayal aversion among 121 healthy participants (Xage=21.7; SD = 2.8). A questionnaire on financial habits was administered...

Using neuroimaging to identify sex differences in adults with sports-related concussion: a systematic review

Concussion is a common injury in sports that causes neurological damage, leading to memory loss and difficulty concentrating. Insufficient recovery time may result in significant long-term harm to individuals. Several neuroimaging techniques have been used to understand the pathophysiological changes following concussion, and how long individuals need to recover before returning...

Abnormal sensory processing cortex in insomnia disorder: a degree centrality study

Insomnia disorder is a significant global health concern. This research aimed to explore the pathogenesis of insomnia disorder using static and dynamic degree centrality methods at the voxel level. A total of 29 patients diagnosed with insomnia disorder and 28 healthy controls were ultimately included to examine differences in degree centrality between the two groups...

Effect of physical exercise on white matter microstructure in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial (PAM study)

Physical exercise is a promising intervention to improve brain white matter integrity. In the PAM study, exercise intervention effects on white matter integrity were investigated in breast cancer patients. Chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients with cognitive problems were randomized 2–4 years post-diagnosis to an exercise (n = 91) or control group (n = 90). The 6-month...

Mapping common and distinct brain correlates among cognitive flexibility tasks: concordant evidence from meta-analyses

Cognitive flexibility allows individuals to switch between different tasks, strategies, or ideas; an ability that is important for everyday life. The Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) and task switching paradigm (TSP) are popular measures of cognitive flexibility. Although both tasks require switching, the TSP requires participants to memorize switching rules and retrieve them...

Sex influences whether hippocampal volumes mediate the relationship between depression and cognition in older adults without dementia: A UK Biobank study

Depression is a modifiable risk factor for dementia; however, it remains unclear whether there are sex differences in how depression affects dementia risk. To better understand sex-specific differences in how depression confers risk of dementia, the link between depression, hippocampal volumes, and cognition was evaluated in a sample of older adults without dementia from the UK...

Gray matter and cognitive alteration related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: combining ALE meta-analysis and MACM analysis

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is frequently comorbid with cognitive impairment, but it has not been paid enough attention, and its neuroanatomical characteristics have not been fully identified. Voxel-based morphometric (VBM) studies comparing gray matter (GM) abnormalities in COPD patients with healthy controls (HCs) were searched using 8 electronic databases from...

Deficient salience and default mode functional integration in high worry-proneness subject: a connectome-wide association study

Worry has been conceptualized as a relatively uncontrollable chain of thought that increases the risk of mental problems, such as anxiety disorders. Here, we examined the link between individual variation in the functional connectome and worry proneness, which remains unclear. A total of 32 high worry-proneness (HWP) subjects and 25 low worry-proneness (LWP) subjects were...

Neuroimaging evaluations of olfactory, gustatory, and neurological deficits in patients with long-term sequelae of COVID-19

The World Health Organization indicated that around 36 million of patients in the European Region showed long COVID associated with olfactory and gustatory deficits. The precise mechanism underlying long COVID clinical manifestations is still debated. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential correlations between odor threshold, odor discrimination, odor identification, and...

Cerebellum and basal ganglia connectivity in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder and Parkinson’s disease: an exploratory study

REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterised by dream-enacting behaviour with loss of muscle atonia during REM sleep and is a prodromal feature of α-synucleinopathies like Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. Although cortical-to-subcortical connectivity is well-studied in RBD, cerebellar and subcortical nuclei...

Cognitive impairment mediates the white matter injury load and gait disorders in subcortical ischemic vascular disease

Gait disorders are common in patients with subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD). We aim to explore the impact of white matter (WM) damage on gait disorders in SIVD. 21 SIVD patients and 20 normal controls (NC) were included in the study. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate general cognition, while Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off (SAT) was used to assess...

Decreased functional connectivity is associated with increased levels of Cerebral Spinal Fluid soluble-PDGFRβ, a marker of blood brain barrier breakdown, in older adults

Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) is suggested to be cross-sectionally associated with both vascular burden and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. For instance, studies in pre-clinical AD subjects have shown increases of cerebral spinal fluid soluble platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (CSF sPDGFRβ, a marker of BBB breakdown) but have not demonstrated if this...

Physical activity and hippocampal volume in young adults

Evidence from previous studies suggests that physical activity (PA) may contribute to functional and structural changes in the hippocampus throughout the lifespan. However, there is limited evidence available regarding the young adult population. Additionally, the personality traits that may influence this association remain unclear. With a sample of 84 young adults (43 women...

Multimodal nonlinear correlates of behavioural symptoms in frontotemporal dementia

Studies exploring the brain correlates of behavioral symptoms in the frontotemporal dementia spectrum (FTD) have mainly searched for linear correlations with single modality neuroimaging data, either structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). We aimed at studying the two imaging modalities in combination to...

Can an online battery match in-person cognitive testing in providing information about age-related cortical morphology?

Clinical identification of early neurodegenerative changes requires an accurate and accessible characterization of brain and cognition in healthy aging. We assessed whether a brief online cognitive assessment can provide insights into brain morphology comparable to a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. In 141 healthy mid-life and older adults, we compared Creyos, a...

Functional correlation tensors in brain white matter and the effects of normal aging

Resting state correlations between blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) MRI signals from voxels in white matter (WM) are demonstrably anisotropic, so that functional correlation tensors (FCT) may be used to quantify the underlying microstructure of BOLD effects in WM tracts. However, the overall spatial distribution of FCTs and their metrics in specific populations has not...

Investigating changes in the premotor cortex-derived frontal-striatal-thalamic subcircuit in attenuated psychosis syndrome

Frontal-striatal-thalamic circuit impairment is presumed to underlie schizophrenia. Individuals with attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS) show longitudinal volume reduction of the putamen in the striatum, which has a neural connection with the premotor cortex through the frontal-striatal-thalamic subcircuit. However, comprehensive investigations into the biological changes in the...

Changes in MRI head motion across development: typical development and ADHD

Head motion is a major confounding variable for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, and is commonly seen in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study investigated the trajectory of change in head motion in typically developing children and children with ADHD, and examined possible altered trajectories...

Evolution of white matter hyperintensity segmentation methods and implementation over the past two decades; an incomplete shift towards deep learning

This systematic review examines the prevalence, underlying mechanisms, cohort characteristics, evaluation criteria, and cohort types in white matter hyperintensity (WMH) pipeline and implementation literature spanning the last two decades. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, we categorized WMH segmentation tools based...