Pediatric Neurology Briefs

Pediatric Neurology Briefs is a peer-reviewed, Open Access (OA), continuing education service designed to expedite and facilitate the review of current scientific research and advances in child neurology and related subjects. The editors provide detailed monthly summaries of published articles, followed by commentaries based on their experience and corroborated by appropriate supplementary citations. Pediatric Neurology Briefs provides pediatric neurologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, pediatricians, psychiatrists, psychologists, educators and other health professionals with a detailed reference guide to the diagnosis, etiology, pathology, treatment and prognosis of nervous diseases of infants, children and adolescents. Content is intended to be accessible to readers in any medical discipline.

List of Papers (Total 3,785)

Differentiation of Posterior and Anterior Ischemic Stroke

Investigators from the International Pediatric Stroke Study Group (IPSS) reviewed data from a multicenter observational cohort of neonates and children with stroke, comparing clinical features and outcomes differentiating posterior circulation arterial ischemic stroke (PCAIS) and anterior circulation arterial ischemic stroke (ACAIS).

Oral N-acetylcysteine Trial for RYR1-related Myopathies

Investigators from NIH, Hyperion Biotechnology Inc., and Hospital for Sick Children studied the effect of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on decreasing oxidative stress and increasing physical endurance in individuals with ryanodine receptor 1-related myopathies (RYR1-RM).

Quality Of Life in Individuals with CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder

Investigators from The University of Western Australia in Perth and Children’s Hospital Colorado University studied the quality of life (QOL) in children with CDKL5 Deficiency Disorder (CDD).

Cerebral Oxygen Saturation in Pediatric Patients On ECMO

Investigators from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine report that decreased cerebral regional oxygenation saturation (rSO2) was associated with higher mortality and poor short-term neurologic outcomes in children supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Seizure Outcomes of Epilepsy Surgery in Children

Investigators from the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto reviewed the literature pertaining to seizure outcomes following epilepsy surgery in the pediatric population.

Pediatric Neurology Briefs: Year in Review

In 2021, the mission of Pediatric Neurology Briefs (PNB) remains the same: “PNB is a continuing education service designed to expedite and facilitate the review of current scientific research and advances in child neurology and related subjects.”

Ancillary Tests for Death by Neurologic Criteria in Children

Investigators from Children's Hospital of Pennsylvania reported on the usage of ancillary studies in the declaration of brain death in children in a single-center retrospective descriptive study.

Safety and Efficacy of Cannabis in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Investigators from the Soroka University Medical Centre, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Tikun Olam Ltd. in Israel studied the safety and efficacy of medical cannabis treatment on 188 patients with autism spectrum disorder for six months.

Prognosis in Pediatric Myasthenia Gravis

Investigators from Oxford John Radcliff Hospital and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children performed a retrospective study of myasthenia patients diagnosed before the age of 16 years.

Long-term Risks of Recurrent Febrile Seizures

Investigators from Denmark at Aarhus University studied the long-term risk of epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, and mortality among children with recurrent febrile seizures.

Prediction of EEG Seizures in Critically Ill Children

In a prospective observational study, investigators from the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia devised a predictive model for capturing electrographic seizures in critically ill pediatric patients.

Rapid Brain MRI Use in a Pediatric Emergency Department

Investigators from the University of Pittsburgh (Department of Emergency Medicine and Division of Pediatric Radiology) and Feinberg School of Medicine (Division of Emergency Medicine) studied the rates of neuroimaging (rapid brain MRI, head CT, and full MRI) before and after implementation of four rapid MRI protocols in their ED.

Neurologic Features with Pathogenic Copy Number Variants

Investigators from Children’s Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, performed a retrospective review (2006-2012) of the diagnostic yield of array comparative genomic hybridization among 555 children with diverse neurologic phenotypes in whom a genetic etiology was suspected.

Diagnosing Pseudotumor Cerebri: An Age-based Approach

Investigators from Hillel-Yaffe, Carmel, and Bnai Zion Medical Centers in Israel studied the comparative clinical presentations and predisposing factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension across age groups.

Hypoglycemia in Infants and Effect on Neurodevelopment

In a prospective, randomized treatment trial, investigators from multiple institutions in the HypoEXIT Study Group investigated the developmental outcomes after neonatal hypoglycemia, comparing the traditional glucose threshold 47 mg/dL vs. 36 mg/dL.

Iron and Insomnia in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Investigators from four major Universities studied the impact of iron supplementation on insomnia symptoms in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and ferritin levels not indicative of iron deficiency anemia.

Plasma Exchange for Treatment of Refractory Demyelination

Researchers from the National Pediatric Hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina, describe their experience with therapeutic plasma exchange for refractory inflammatory central nervous system attacks in children over the course of the last 15 years.

Outcome Measures for COL6 and LAMA2-Related Dystrophies

Investigators from the NIH performed a longitudinal, prospective, natural history study looking at patients with COL6-related dystrophies (COL6-RDs) and LAMA2-related dystrophies (LAMA2-RDs), the two most common congenital muscular dystrophies (CMDs).

Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis

Investigators from Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden report on their findings comparing quality of life (QoL) measures in both pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) and adult-onset multiple sclerosis (AOM).

Autism Genetics: Over 100 Risk Genes and Counting

Researchers from the Autism Sequencing Consortium (ASC) led by Joseph Buxbaum at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai report the largest exome sequencing study in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to date.

Treatment with Ataluren for Duchene Muscular Dystrophy

Investigators from Europe and the USA, representing the STRIDE Registry and Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group (CINRG) Duchenne Natural History Study (DNHS), examined the effectiveness of ataluren and standard of care in the Registry versus stand of care alone in the CINRG DNHS.

Epilepsy and TSC-Associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Investigators from multiple institutions (Cleveland Clinic, University Hospital Leuven, ZOL Genk, Kempenhaeghe and Maastricht UMC+, and Children’s Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota) used the Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Natural History Database (TSCNHD) to evaluate the relationship between epilepsy and neuropsychiatric disorders in individuals with TSC, along with any potential...

Wearable EEG Device for Continuous Spike–Wave in Sleep

Investigators from the Hospital Dona Estefânia, Escola Superior de Tecnologias e Saúde de Lisboa and Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa investigated 38 patients with continuous spike-wave of sleep (CSWS) syndrome.

Genetic Diagnosis of Cockayne Syndrome

Researchers from the University of Strasbourg investigated whether defective transcription of ATF3 responsive genes is a marker for Cockayne Syndrome.

Fenfluramine: New Treatment for Seizures in Dravet Syndrome.

Investigators for the FAiRE DS Study Group assessed the efficacy and safety of Fenfluramine for treating seizures in patients less than 18 y.o. with Dravet Syndrome in an international double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.