Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a leading cause of disability worldwide, and effective treatments are urgently needed beyond reperfusion therapy. Translating preclinical success to clinical impact has been hindered by variability in animal models and the lack of translational biomarkers that predict outcomes across species. To overcome these barriers, we developed a robust...
Branch atheromatous disease (BAD), a subtype of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), is associated with a high risk of early neurological deterioration (END) and poor prognosis. Wake-up stroke (WUS), comprising 20%–30% of AIS cases, is typically excluded from thrombolysis because of unknown onset time. Using diffusion-weighted imaging/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (DWI/FLAIR...
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) prevalence in the general population can be as high as 3%. Most IAs are asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. However, IAs can cause subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), which is responsible for high mortality and morbidity. No effective medical therapy is currently available to control the IA and reduce the SAH risk. Understanding IA pathophysiology to...
Delirium is a common complication of ischemic stroke (IS). Previous quantitative EEG (qEEG) studies have linked delirium to increased delta and theta power and reduced alpha band functional connectivity. Most excluded patients with structural brain lesions, limiting extrapolation to post-stroke delirium (PSD). This study aims to compare qEEG measures in IS patients with and...
This study investigated the variation characteristics of static fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (sfALFF) and dynamic fALFF (dfALFF) in Middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion(MCA-S) patients, and explored these two indicators alterations with cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) correction. A total of 41 MCA-S patients and 50 matched controls underwent resting...
Despite advances in reperfusion therapies following cerebral ischemic stroke, effective treatment options remain limited, and achieving optimal outcomes post-revascularization continues to be a significant challenge. Increasing evidences have highlighted the crucial role of DNA damage and its associated downstream inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in the pathophysiology of...
To assess the association of anticoagulation in patients with cardioembolic acute ischemic stroke (CES) who develop hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and its impact on neuroimaging and functional outcomes. This retrospective study enrolled patients presenting with CES within 48 h at a tertiary stroke center between January 2011 and August 2023. Patients who developed HT during...
Mendelian randomization studies have identified that apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is the primary genetic determinant of ischemic stroke, rather than other lipid markers. However, its association with recurrent non-cardioembolic acute ischemic stroke (NCAIS) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate this association. This study recruited 578 patients with acute ischemic stroke...
Introduction: Neuroinflammation may contribute to outcomes following subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine data is limited and its relationship with systemic inflammation is unknown. This study compares the inflammatory responses in CSF and plasma compartments, and their associations with outcome. Methods: Ten cytokines were measured in CSF and...
In patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS), recent evidence has suggested an association between artery-to-artery embolism (AAE) and cortical borderzone (CBZ) infarcts. We recruited patients with 50–99% anterior-circulation sICAS in this cohort. Stroke mechanisms were categorized as isolated parent artery atherosclerosis occluding penetrating...
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a global brain disorder that is characterized by a series of clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological manifestations. However, the molecular pathophysiological mechanisms of CSVD have not been thoroughly investigated. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomics has broad application prospects in biomedicine. It is...
The translation of the highly effective Environmental Enrichment (EE) paradigm from preclinical animal models to human clinical settings has been slow and showed inconsistent results. The primary translational challenge lies in defining what constitutes an EE for humans. To tackle this challenge, this study conducted a scoping review of preclinical EE protocols to explore what...
This study compares the clinical efficacy and outcomes of three surgical techniques—robot-assisted stereotactic assistance (ROSA), neuroendoscopy, and craniotomy—in the removal of intracranial hematomas in patients with cerebral hemorrhage affecting the basal ganglia. This retrospective study included 110 patients, who were grouped based on the surgical method used: 40 patients...
Electroencephalogram (EEG) during pinprick stimulation has the potential to unveil neural mechanisms underlying sensorimotor impairments post-stroke. A proof-of-concept study explored event-related peak pinprick amplitude and oscillatory responses in healthy controls and in people with acute and subuacute motor and sensorimotor stroke, their relationship, and to what extent EEG...
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) polymorphisms are known risk factors for vascular diseases due to the impact on folate metabolism dysfunction and homocysteine (Hcy) accumulation. This study aimed to investigate the association between folate metabolism risk and hemorrhagic risk in moyamoya disease (MMD). In this prospective...
Perihematomal edema (PHE) significantly aggravates secondary brain injury in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), yet its detailed mechanisms remain elusive. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are known to exacerbate neurological deficits and worsen outcomes after stroke. This study explores the potential role of NETs in the pathogenesis of brain edema following ICH...
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) along with aggravating factors, such as edema, can raise intracranial pressure (ICP) to pathological levels. Diversion of some cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and venous blood out of the cranium can limit ICP rises while maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure. Brain tissue itself is widely considered immutable in volume but prone to distortion (e.g...
To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of SAC compared to non-SAC in the treatment of RIA, integrating evidence from high-quality studies to guide clinical practice. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare SAC with coiling alone and BAC in the treatment of RIA. Primary outcomes were immediate and follow-up aneurysm occlusion rates, along with perioperative...
Stroke, the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide, is characterized by high morbidity and disability. The lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LOX-1) is a scavenger receptor that promotes endothelial dysfunction by recognizing and internalizing oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) to induce the formation, development...
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a major cause of stroke globally, with mechanisms presumed to be shared with atherosclerosis in other vascular regions. Due to the scarcity of relevant animal models, testing biological hypotheses specific to ICAD is challenging. We developed a workflow to create patient-specific models of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) from...
Intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) is a significant contributor to ischemic stroke, with the RNF213 p.Arg4810Lys variant identified as a related genetic factor. We explored the clinical outcomes of the RNF213 genotype in patients with asymptomatic ICAS. Between November 2011 and March 2019, 139 patients with asymptomatic ICAS were enrolled in this study. Genotyping for RNF213 p...
COVID-19 increases the risk for acute ischemic stroke, yet the molecular mechanisms are unclear and remain unresolved medical challenges. We hypothesize that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exacerbates stroke and cerebrovascular complications by increasing coagulation and decreasing fibrinolysis by disrupting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). A thromboembolic model...
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular disorder that can lead to stroke and neurological dysfunctions. Given the largely sporadic nature and the role of gene-environment interactions in various diseases, we examined epigenetic modifications in MMD. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation using Illumina 850 K Methylation EPIC BeadChip, in two racially distinct adult...