Disease Markers

Disease Markers is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to the identification of disease markers, the elucidation of their role and mechanism, as well as their application in the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

List of Papers (Total 2,149)

Increased LEF1 Expression and Decreased Notch2 Expression Are Strong Predictors of Poor Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Background/Objective. We aimed to examine the expression of lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF1) and Notch2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their association with clinicopathologic variables and CRC patients’ prognosis. Methods. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and Western blot analysis were performed to assess the expression of LEF1...

Asymmetric and Symmetric Dimethylarginine in Adolescents with Hyperuricemia

The purpose of this work was to investigate if in adolescents with hyperuricemia serum levels of asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA, SDMA) are increased and if their levels correlate with serum uric acid (UA). Patients and Methods. The study group consisted of 58 hyperuricemic patients aged median 16.15 (14–17). The reference group contained 27 healthy individuals...

Diagnostic Significance of Serum Eotaxin-1 Level in Gastric Cancer Patients

Introduction. Gastric cancer is the second cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Delayed diagnosis leads to high mortality rates. Eotaxin-1 was originally discovered as an eosinophil-selective chemoattractant and may play a role in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer, and other gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to analyse diagnostic and...

Polymorphisms of the Homologous Recombination Gene RAD51 in Keratoconus and Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy

Purpose. We investigated the association between genotypes and haplotypes of the c.-61G>T (rs 1801320) and c.-98G>C (rs 1801321) polymorphisms of the RAD51 gene and the occurrence of keratoconus (KC) and Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) in dependence on some environmental factors. Methods. The polymorphisms were genotyped in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 100 KC and...

Detection of Urinary Metabolomics before and after Pringle Maneuver-Induced Liver Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rats Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Background. Metabolomics studies can quantitatively detect the dynamic metabolic response of living systems. Objective. To detect urinary metabolomics after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induced by the Pringle maneuver using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats () were randomly divided into 4 groups (/group): sham operation...

Nuclear Expression of Snail Is an Independent Negative Prognostic Factor in Human Breast Cancer

Background. Snail is a key regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells. Several studies have shown nuclear Snail expression to be a negative prognostic factor in human cancer, where it is generally associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and worse survival. Objectives and Methods. To further explore the role of Snail expression in breast cancer, we...

Brain Hypothermic Therapy Dramatically Decreases Elevated Blood Concentrations of High Mobility Group Box 1 in Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Background. According to the Consensus 2010 of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR), children with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) should receive brain hypothermic therapy (BHT) after successful resuscitation. Elevated high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the blood at the early stage of brain ischemia-reperfusion injury has been...

Is CA72-4 a Useful Biomarker in Differential Diagnosis between Ovarian Endometrioma and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer?

Background. Surgical excision of ovarian endometriomas in patients desiring pregnancy has recently been criticized because of the risk of damage to healthy ovarian tissue and consequent reduction of ovarian reserve. A correct diagnosis in cases not scheduled for surgery is therefore mandatory in order to avoid unexpected ovarian cancer misdiagnosis. Endometriosis is often...

Serum Anti-CCNY Autoantibody Is an Independent Prognosis Indicator for Postoperative Patients with Early-Stage Nonsmall-Cell Lung Carcinoma

Cyclin Y (CCNY) is a novel cyclin and almost nothing is known about its role in human cancers. To investigate the clinical significance of serum anti-CCNY autoantibodies in nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), the serum levels of CCNY protein in 264 patients with NSCLC, 103 patients with tuberculosis, and 89 healthy controls were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The result...

Fecal S100A12 in Healthy Infants and Children

Background and Aims. Fecal S100A12 is shown to be a useful noninvasive marker of gut inflammation. However, the studies to date have not characterised the patterns of expression in healthy young children. This study aimed to determine S100A12 levels in infants and children without symptoms of underlying gut disease. Methods. Stool samples were collected from healthy infants (<12...

Levels of Circulating Microparticles in Lung Cancer Patients and Possible Prognostic Value

Background. Endothelial-derived microparticles (EDMPs) and platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs) have been reported to be increasing in various diseases including malignant diseases. Here, we investigated whether these MPs may be useful biomarkers for predicting lung cancer (LC) disease status, cell type, or metastasis. Methods and Results. One hundred and thirty LC patients...

Mycobacterial Dormancy Regulon Protein Rv2623 as a Novel Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Latent and Active Tuberculous Meningitis

The present study was designed to investigate Rv2623 antigen, a major dormancy regulon protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in CSF of suspected latent and active tuberculous meningitis (TBM) patients. A total of 100 CSF samples from TBM (), suspected latent TBM (), and suitable noninfectious control subjects () were collected and evaluated for Rv2623 antigen level using...

Serum Paraoxonase 1 Activity Is Associated with Fatty Acid Composition of High Density Lipoprotein

Introduction. Cardioprotective effect of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is, in part, dependent on its related enzyme, paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Fatty acid composition of HDL could affect its size and structure. On the other hand, PON1 activity is directly related to the structure of HDL. This study was designed to investigate the association between serum PON1 activity and fatty acid...

Increased Glutamate and Homocysteine and Decreased Glutamine Levels in Autism: A Review and Strategies for Future Studies of Amino Acids in Autism

There are many reports about the significant roles of some amino acids in neurobiology and treatment of autism. This is a critical review of amino acids levels in autism. No published review article about the level of amino acids in autism was found. The levels of glutamate and homocystein are increased in autism while the levels of glutamine and tryptophan are decreased...

Association between Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Polymorphism and Sudden Cardiac Death in Myocardial Infarction

Objective. The renin-angiotensin system is involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction (MI). Angiotensin II (Ang II) has many adverse effects such as vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, and these actions are mediated by the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Patients and Methods. A total of 1376 patients were recruited from January...

Association of Obesity-Mediated Insulin Resistance and Hypothalamic Volumes: Possible Sex Differences

The hypothalamus is important in hunger and metabolism. Although a lot is known about the basic role of the human hypothalamus, less is known about how the in vivo volume is affected in obesity, particularly among adolescents. Based on pediatric body mass index percentiles, 95 participants were assigned to lean or obese groups. All subjects had medical evaluations, including...

Pituitary Tumor-Transforming Gene 1 Is Expressed in Primary Ductal Breast Carcinoma, Lymph Node Infiltration, and Distant Metastases

Despite the advances that have been made in the fields of molecular and cell biology, there is still considerable debate explaining how the breast cancer cells progress through carcinogenesis and acquire their metastatic ability. The lack of preventive methods and effective therapies underlines the pressing need to identify new biomarkers that can aid early diagnosis and may be...

Combination of Strong MMP-2 and Weak TIMP-2 Immunostainings Is a Significant Prognostic Factor in Endometrial Carcinoma

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 protein immunoreactivities on the prognosis in endometrial carcinoma. Methods. Paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 225 primary endometrioid adenocarcinomas and 13 histologies other than endometrioid adenocarcinoma were immunohistochemically stained for MMP-2 and TIMP-2. Results. In Kaplan...

Inflammatory Cytokines and the Risk of Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes

This study evaluates peripheral blood T lymphocyte expression of inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines as well as T regulatory (Treg) (FOXP3

Association of IL-4-590 C>T and IL-13-1112 C>T Gene Polymorphisms with the Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background. The goal of the study is to investigate the association of IL-4-590 and IL-13-1112 genetic polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Egyptian patients. Subjects and Methods. The study included 135 cases with T2DM and 75 healthy unrelated age-matched controls from the same locality of Egypt. DNA was extracted and processed by the ARMS-PCR technique for...

CagA-Positive Helicobacter pylori Infection and Reduced Sperm Motility, Vitality, and Normal Morphology

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, particularly when caused by strains expressing CagA, may be considered a concomitant cause of male and female reduced fertility. This study explored, in 87 HP-infected males, the relationship between infection by CagA-positive HP strains and sperm parameters. HP infection and CagA status were determined by ELISA and Western blotting; semen...

Immune Activation and Viral Replication after Vaccination with an Influenza A H1N1 2009 Vaccine in HIV-Infected Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy

Immunization with a pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 was recommended for HIV-infected patients. However, there is limited information concerning the impact of immunization with this vaccine on immune activation and HIV viral replication. In this study, 45 HIV-infected children and adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy were immunized with a 2-dose series of nonadjuvated...

Increased RCAS1 Expression Is Associated with Advanced Histopathological Stage and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Background. The receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells (RCAS1) is a human tumor-associated antigen that has been considered to play a crucial role in tumor progression by enabling cancer cells to evade immune surveillance. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of the RCAS1 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma. Material and Methods. RCAS1...

AGR2 Predicts Tamoxifen Resistance in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Patients

Endocrine resistance is a significant problem in breast cancer treatment. Thus identification and validation of novel resistance determinants is important to improve treatment efficacy and patient outcome. In our work, AGR2 expression was determined by qRT-PCR in Tru-Cut needle biopsies from tamoxifen-treated postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Our results showed inversed...

Serum Interleukin-15 Levels Are Associated with Severity of Pain in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Background. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a well-known proinflammatory cytokine. Objective. We aimed at evaluating the relationship between serum IL-15 levels and the severity of pain as well as radiographic progression in patients with knee OA. Methods. Two hundred and twenty-six OA patients...