Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L., Asteraceae) is one of the most important medicinal plants with antiphlogistic, spasmolytic, carminative, antibacterial and antimycotic properties. Thirty-one chloroplast markers were developed, optimised for high-resolution melting analysis. Subsequently, 23 M. chamomilla accessions (247 individuals) complemented with 2 individuals of the...
The study was conducted with the aim of inventorying and assessing the level of sorghum landraces richness, estimating the extent and patterns of phenotypic diversity, identifying race type, and predicting suitable areas of production using future climate scenarios in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Overall, 358 landraces from 125 independent farmers’ fields in 20 districts belonging...
Landraces can be defined as locally adapted cultivated forms of domesticated plant species that have distinctive traits resulting from both environmental adaptation and farmer selection. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), they are important for preserving genetic diversity and as a potential source of adaptive traits that are not found in contemporary commercial varieties. In...
Oaks (Quercus sp.) are among the most ecologically and economically important woody Angiosperms of the northern hemisphere. Nowadays, the reduction of Quercus biodiversity is becoming a matter of global concern, and several oak species have been included in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Consequently, characterization and preservation strategies for the oak germplasm...
The Horny gourd or Horn gourd (Cucumis metuliferus L.) is an under utilized vegetable crop, which is neither grown commercially on large scale nor traded widely. It has drawn less attention due to their poor agronomical traits like thorns and high seed content. However, it has good sources of vitamins, minerals, trace elements, dietary fibre and proteins and serve to be genetic...
Coix (Coix lacryma-jobi) comes under underutilized crops as it is neither cultivated commercially on a large scale nor widely traded. The Northeastern region of India harbours a rich diversity of Coix. This crop has diverse varieties from food to ethnic ornaments worn by the Mizo people. The soft-shelled type (var ma-yuen), locally called ‘Mim’ has been an important cereal crop...
This study presents the plant material of A. cepa L. Aggregatum-Group introduced and spread in Sweden between 1830 and 1860. The plant material exemplifies different principles regarding the denominations and shows the range of cultons available in the north of Europe by the time, but also examples of domestic local cultivars. It is essential to deepen the knowledge of the plant...
Lebanon is a part of the Fertile Crescent recognized for its agrobiodiversity wealth in terms of both cultivated plants and crop wild relatives (CWR) diversity. Within the context of climate change and its adverse effect on agrobiodiversity, conservation of CWRs in Lebanon is essential to prevent the loss of potentially useful genetic diversity and to facilitate their use in crop...
Medicago L. (Fabaceae; Papillionoidae) has high nutritive value, palatability, and ability to improve the soil fertility which puts it as one of the world’s most important forages. Medicago genetic resources are suffering from anthropogenic destructions, overgrazing, climate change and drought. Using the results of a previous gap analysis, which prioritized the species and sites...
Biodiversity and identification facilitate a prioritization of determination basis for plant evolutionary, phytogeography, biodiversity and conservation of plant genetic resources. High-throughput phenotyping platforms (HTPP) provide more attractive for genotyping for biodiversity evaluation. Descriptor lists include 51 attributes applied on all growth-stages of 53 C. olitorius...
The genus Astragalus L. with about 3000 species is the largest genus of flowering plants. It is also the largest genus in the flora of Iran with more than 850 taxa. Astragalus cyclophyllon Beck is an endemic taxon belonging to Astragalus sect. Incani DC. It occurs scattered in the steppe and semi-steppe areas of the western and central parts of Iran. This species is one of the...
In Tunisia, lentil (Lens culinaris subsp. culinaris Medik.) is cultivated in arid and semi-arid areas. Terminal drought and heat stresses during the end of cycle causes significant yield losses. Selection of short cycle varieties could be the best option to escape the effect of pre cited abiotic factors. ‘krib’ was developed using both modified pedigree and bulk methods by INRAT...
Although there exist over 7000 crop species, only a few are commercially valuable and grown on a large scale in monocultures worldwide. However, underutilised crops (also called orphan crops) have significant potential for food security and Telfairia occidentalis Hook. F. (Cucurbitaceae) is one such orphan crop grown in West Africa for its nutritious leaves, oil and protein-rich...
Caigua (Cyclanthera pedata (L.) Schrad.) is a native species of the Andes. Its fruits are recently gaining attention as herbal and healthy product. A landrace of Caigua traditionally cultivated in Camonica Valley (Italian Alps), called “Ciuenlai” (or “Milione/Milioncino”), is almost unknown. For this reason, the phytochemical, nutritional and ecological (functional strategy...
Fresh pods are harvestable and marketable economic product in dolichos bean. Fresh pod fragrance is one of the ‘farmers’ and ‘consumers’ preferred traits in dolichos bean varieties. The pods with high fragrance fetch a premium price in the market. In breeding programmes, pod fragrance is routinely assessed by organoleptic (sensory) means, which is highly relative and subjective...
Iberian populations of Arnica montana L. (Asteraceae) represent a valuable resource both for conservation and pharmaceutical industry. Previous genetic analyses pointed out the presence of different genetic groups, but a wide region is still genetically unexplored. In order to fill this scientific gap, the present study analysed a wider sampling area along the northern Iberian...
The Uganda National GeneBank is a key reservoir of genetic diversity for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), with over 3333 accessions which are predominantly landraces (96.48%), but also includes the weedy accessions (0.63%), breeding lines (2.5%) and released varieties (0.39%). This genetic resource from the primary center of sorghum diversity and domestication is important...
1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) has certain medicinal value in lowering blood sugar, lowering blood fat, antiviral and anti-tumor, and Mulberry is one of known species with the highest DNJ content. To take full advantage of medicinal benefits of mulberry, the internal relationships of the genetic diversity of SSR markers and DNJ content was assessed in this study, so as to provide the...
Crop wild relatives are genetically related wild taxa of crops with unique resources for crop improvement through the transfer of novel and profitable genes. The in situ and ex situ conservation gap analyses for priority crop wild relatives from West Africa were evaluated using species distribution modelling, ecogeographic diversity, and complementary analyses. A total of 20, 125...
Grain size and weight are two of the most important determinants of crop yield. Key genes associated with the grain size and weight have been identified in major crops. However, studies on the genetic basis of the grain size and weight related genes in wild Sorghum are limited. In this study, we analysed the variation of grain size related genes using variant analysis of 15...
A collection of 46 pea (Pisum sativum L.) accessions, mostly from Europe, were analysed for genetic diversity using the GenoPea 13.2 K SNP Array chip. Of these accessions were 24 nomal-leaved and 22 semi-leafless. Principal components analysis (PCA) separated the peas into two groups characterized by the two different leaf types, although some genotypes were exceptions and...