Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is serious health problem with a prevalence of 9% in the population older than 18 years. The World Health Organization provided information that global mortality rate caused by diabetes in 2012 was 2.7%, while in Serbia this figure was 3.4%. Most patients with diabetes comply in adequately or not at all with the prescribeddiet. Previous studies...
Introduction. Neonatal nosocomial infection (NIs) is defined as the occurrence of infection 48 hours after birth, which is caused by a nosocomial pathogen. Newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) are at increased risk for developing Nis. The aim of our study was to describe risk factors for NIs at mechanically ventilated (MV) neonates in a NICU. Materials and...
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is now a well-known form of the secondary osteoporosis, which increases the fracture risk in the patients and consequently the mortality and morbidity. Literature data show that more than 1% of the world's population is on continuous, oral therapy with these drugs. However, a large percentage of the patients (66%) who start the therapy have...
Infection caused by Clostridium difficile (CDI) occurs as a result of imbalance of bacteria in intestinal tract mainly due to previous exposure to wide-spectrum systemic antibiotics. Nowadays, it is recognized as one of the most frequent infections acquired in hospitals. Contemporary clinicians often face an increased incidence of fulminant and recurrent CDIs that are accompanied...
Introduction: Medical staff working with patients suffering from mental disorders is faced with high demands of the medical profession as well as withnumerous stress factors in everyday work. Symptoms of depression and anxiety can negatively affect quality of life of the medical staff, which may lead to a reduction in the quality of nursing care. The aim: The aim of this paper...
Cervical cancer takes an alarming 4th place among tumors in women and is a serious global problem of modern society. The gold standard in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer is based on concurrent chemoradiotherapy (external beam in combination with brachytherapy). However, during the treatment of cervical cancer, various forms of acute toxicity can occur, with the...
Introduction: Nowadays number of newly approved OTC medicines continuously increases, which can make certain difficulties in drug dispensing process. This fact particularly relates to drug-drug interactions-problems due to lack of data and insufficient of knowledge about the interactions. Aim: To identify the problems pharmacists face when dispensing OTC drugs and to recommend...
Schizophrenia is one of the most serious psychiatric illnesses belonging to the group of non-affective psychoses. It is characterized by distortions of thought, perception, emotions and behavior. Twenty-four million people around the world suffer from schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a chronic illness connected to significant expenses which are imposed on both the health system...
Introduction: Diabetes as a chronic metabolic disease is serious health problem with a prevalence of 9% in the population older than 18 years. Mortality caused by diabetes in 2012 globally was 2.7%, and in Serbia 3.4%. A patient with his behavior might influence the outcome of the disease itself, and therefore adequate training of diabetics is important for prevention of...
There is a number of drugs which produce responses that are clinically visible according to the principle 'all-or-nothing', i.e. the effect on certain dose either happens, or not. In order to calculate the dose of such drug that would cause response in 50% of exposed patients (effective dose 50 or abbreviated ED50), probit analysis is necessary. The essence of this application of...
Multivariable linear regression is a procedure of building mathematical model of straight line with several independent variables which are added one to another and to a constant to give value of dependent variable, i.e. of outcome. Dependent variable has to be continuous and numeric, while independent variables may be of both numeric and categorical type. Multivariable linear...
Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of other regional tissues or other organ systems. The severe form of the disease occurs in 10-20% of cases, and usually requires prolonged hospitalization due to a frequent local and systemic complications. Additionally, considerable mortality despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances...
Acute pancreatitis represents an acute inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs as a result of failure of protective physiological mechanisms and premature activation of proteolytic proenzymes. The occurrence, severity and outcome of this disease are, to a certain extent, affected by genetic variations. The most important polymorphic proteins, with a potential of impact on the...
Background: After completion of formal education, physicians and pharmacists have to be trained to become independent practitioners. During the internship they are mentored by experienced practitioners. The aim: To discover factors associated with prescribing and dispensing errors during internship. Materials and methods: This study was of qualitative design, using grounded...
Background: Patients with psoriasis show physical discomfort, stigma, loss of productivity, low self-esteem, and are often limited in everyday activities, social contacts and at work. Objective: The aim of this study was to reveal factors which may influence quality of life in patients with psoriasis, using qualitative research methodology. Methods: This study used grounded...
Certain authors describe some professions in the healthcare industry as the more susceptible ones to developing a burnout syndrome, while others suggest psychosocial aspects of the workplace as the primary cause in its creation, but not the aspects of the job itself. The main objective of the research was to investigate which specific factors were associated with the burnout...
Takrolimus is a cornerstone immunosuppressant in the prevention of solid organ rejection following transplantation. After long-term use of twice daily tacrolimus, a new era of application of extended release tacrolimus for once-daily dosing ensued. The aim of this short communication was to compare pharmacokinetic characteristics of tacrolimus following its application as twice...
Introduction: Combined homicide is a combination of two or more different modes of killing. These homicides occur when multiple perpetrators have different mode of killing, to hide the true manner of death, or when an initially unsuccessful attack with one weapon is abandoned and changed by another mode which is more successful, or due to availability of weapons at the scene of...
Liver cirrhosis is complex pathological condition which may arise due to different etiological factors. Due to improper functioning of the liver all other processes in the organism are compromised; besides, complications of cirrhosis are multiple and life threatening. When caring for patients with liver cirrhosis, especially for patients with complicated diseases, well-trained...
The aim of the study was to reveal pattern of physical activity among students and to investigate which types of physical activity are dominantly present among the students. Also, the aim was to investigate the attitudes of students towards the importance of physical activity as well as to determine the reasons for the possible lack of physical activity. The research was...
Presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) in drinking and surface water indicates fecal contamination of human or animal origin. K. pneumoniae has the ability to acquire and transfer resistance genes. Isolates found in the environment may represent a reservoir of these genes, which can be transmitted among different bacterial species. The aim of the study was...
Prescribing of drugs could be considered inappropriate if a drug and dose selected bear unbeneficial benefit/harm ratio to the patient (PIP - Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing), as well as if a drug that the patient needed was not prescribed (PPO- Potential Prescribing Omissions). This is a major public health problem, since it carries risk to the patient due to adverse drug...
Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation in the gene MECP2 on the X chromosome. The main clinical characteristics are breathing disorders, epileptic seizures, scoliosis, walking disability and constipation with frequent growth failure and malnutrition. Our transversal study included 29 female patients with Rett syndrome treated in the Institute for Mother...
Soft contact lenses have an important place in ophthalmology, both for the correction of refractive anomalies and tor the treatment of some eye diseases. From the moment when adequately biocompatible materials were found, for a very sensitive environment such as the human eye, from early 60s of the 20th century, starts irrepressible expansion of soft contact lenses. The reason...
Proteasome inhibitors (PI) represent the class of medicaments which lead to inhibition of catalytic chymotrypsin-like proteolytic proteasome subunits. Blockade of this specific structure drives to complete ubiquitin-proteasome machinery withdrawal. Total intracellular protein flow is regulated by the proteasome activity which acts through basal and signal activated proteolysis as...