Research in high speed switching systems is in greater demand as the internet traffic gets rapid increase. Designing an efficient scheduling algorithm with high throughput and low delay is an open challenge. Most of the algorithms achieve 100% throughput in uniform traffics but failed to attain the same performance under non-uniform traffics. Moreover these algorithms are also...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of a number of sensor nodes for monitoring the environment. Scenario like floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, avalanches, hailstorms and blizzards causes the sensor nodes to be damaged. In such worst case scenario, the deployed nodes in the monitoring area may split up into several segments. As a result sensor nodes in the...
The IEEE 802.21 standard was developed for communication of devices in a heterogeneous environment which included greater support for handoffs. This paper focuses on the denial of service (DoS) vulnerabilities faced by such Media Independent Handover (MIH) networks & various effective countermeasures that can be deployed to prevent their impact on such heterogeneous networks. The...
The prominence of the wireless communication has been urging the monotonically increasing demand of security and privacy. In wireless systems, the notion of perfect secrecy of information with respect to illegitimate nodes can be ensured via physical layer security (PLS) techniques. Unfortunately, they can be made less effective if source- eavesdropper wiretap channel is better...
Vehicle parking is the act of temporarily maneuvering a vehicle in to a certain location. To deal with parking monitoring system issue such as traffic, this paper proposes a vision of improvements in monitoring the vehicles in parking lots based on sensor networks. Most of the existing paper deals with that of the automated parking which is of cluster based and each has its own...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of intelligent sensors that communicate and coordinate in an energy constrained environment. Due to the limited energy supply of the sensors, lifetime problems arise in static WSN. One of the potential solutions to this problem is a mobility-assisted WSN. Mobility can be introduced by adding extra entities like mobile sinks, mobile...
This paper presents a dual band Compact double E shaped Microstrip Patch antenna with enhanced gain for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WI-MAX), Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTS) and Satellite applications. The modified E shaped patch antenna is designed using CADFEKO and the results of return loss, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), gain of the...
Most of the e-commerce and m-commerce applications in the current e-business world, has adopted asymmetric key cryptography technique in their authentication protocol to provide an efficient authentication of the involved parties. This paper exhibits the performance analysis of distinct authentication protocol which implements the public key cryptography like RSA, ECC and HECC...
Data Security is that the most crucial think about a communication network. Data security is achieved by cryptography and data concealing. Steganography is one of the info concealing technique; here any form of signal is concealing by exploitation a picture, audio or video. In an exceedingly spatial domain steganography, most typically the info is embedded into a LSB’s of the...
The influence of evolutionary algorithms enhanced its scope of getting its existence in almost every complex optimization problems. In this paper, cuckoo search algorithm, an algorithm based on the brood parasite behavior along with Levy weights has been proposed for the radiation pattern correction of a linear array of isotropic antennas with uniform spacing when failed with...
In this paper, main focus is on the experimental characteristic of optical communication link and of their components. We give an introduction to optical fiber systems and various phenomenons related to it. The phenomena of attenuation and dispersion are discussed elaborately and details are provided through experimental observation and verification. A laser diode and...
IEEE 802.16e has received wide attention as it supports high data rates and incredible pervasive connectivity with high Quality of Service (QoS) capabilities. To support QoS, many Bandwidth REQuest (BW-REQ) mechanisms are suggested in the literature for resource reservation in mobile WiMAX networks. There are chances for performance degradation with increase in the number of...
Android is an operating system based on the Linux kernel. It is the most widely used and popular operating system among Smartphones and portable devices. Its programmable and open nature attracts attackers to take undue advantage. Android platform allows developers to freely access and modify source code. But at the same time it increases the security issue. A user is likely to...
A wireless sensor network is a self-organized multi hop network that consists of a large number of sensor nodes. The efficiency of the sensor networks depends upon the routing protocol used. There are different routing protocols exists to extend the network lifetime by efficiently consuming the energy of the nodes. The nodes have limited energy resources and are battery powered...
In mobile ad hoc network, nodes co-operatively form a network independent of any fixed base station infrastructure. Every node in a mobile ad-hoc network can function as a router and forwards the data packets to the other nodes. Multicasting plays an important role whenever group communications are required. Most of the existing multicast routing protocols in mobile ad hoc...
The Security of data on internet has become a prior thing. Though any message is encrypted using a stronger cryptography algorithm, it cannot avoid the suspicion of intruder. This paper proposes an approach in such way that, data is encrypted using Extended Substitution Algorithm and then this cipher text is concealed at two or three LSB positions of the carrier image. This...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of intelligent sensors that can communicate to form a self-organizing network and can function without human intervention for a long amount of time. Traditionally, WSN was static, but due to the necessity of today’s applications, there has been a paradigm shift from a static WSN to dynamic WSN. This dynamism can be realized by adding...
This work presents a theoretical study of harmonic generation of microwave signals after detection of a modulated optical carrier in cascaded two electro-optic modulators. Dispersion is one of the major limiting factors for microwave generation in microwave photonics. In this paper, we analyze influence of chromatic dispersion, dispersion slope, dispersion curvature on microwave...
The area of microstrip antennas has seen some inventive work in recent years and is one of the most dynamic fields of antenna theory. The ever increasing need for mobile communication and the emergence of newer technologies require an efficient design of antenna of smaller size for wider frequency range applications such as Wi-Max. The main aim of this paper is increase the...
In this paper, we have achieved a compact multiband fractal antenna based on Sierpinski carpet geometry. The simulation of the proposed antenna is done by CST Microwave Studio EM simulation software. The Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna proves that it is capable to create multiband frequencies. There are four resonant frequencies appeared at 0.85 GHz, 1.83 GHz, 2.13 GHz and 2.68...
The next generation wireless communication system aims at supporting multimedia services with different Quality of Services (QoS) and bandwidth requirements. Therefore effective management of limited resources is important to enhance network performance. Access Service Network Gateway (ASN GW) relocation is the process of changing the traffic’s Anchor Point (AP) from one GW to...
Most common works for rendezvous in cognitive radio networks deal only with two user scenarios involving two secondary users and variable primary users and aim at reducing the time-to-rendezvous. A common control channel for the establishment of communication is not considered and hence the work comes under the category of ‘Blind Rendezvous’. Our work deal with multi-user...
MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network) is an infra structure less wireless ad-hoc network that does not require any basic central control. The topology of the network changes drastically due to very fast mobility of nodes. So an adaptive routing protocol is needed for routing in MANET. AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector) routing is the effective and prominent on-demand Ad-hoc routing...
As the feature size is continuously decreasing and integration density is increasing, interconnections have become a dominating factor in determining the overall quality of a chip. Due to the limited scalability of system bus, it cannot meet the requirement of current System-on-Chip (SoC) implementations where only a limited number of functional units can be supported. Long...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been vastly developed due to the advances in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) using WSN to study and monitor the environments towards climates changes. In environmental monitoring, sensors are randomly deployed over the interest area to periodically sense the physical environments for a few months or even a year. Therefore, to prolong the...