BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer correlates with poor prognosis and limited response to standard treatments. Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with BRAF/MEK inhibitors shows promise against BRAF-mutant melanoma in both preclinical and clinical trials. Therefore, we hypothesized that the treatment would be effective against BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer. In this study, we...
Lymph nodes are the most common metastasis sites for tumor cells, which are intimately linked to patient prognosis. It has been reported that cancer cells can upregulate CC Chemokine Receptor 7 (CCR7) expression and hijack its normal functions, enabling them to migrate along the gradient of CCL19 and CCL21 toward the lymph nodes and colonies as the initial stage of distant...
In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise as neoadjuvant therapies in the treatment of locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the factors affecting the tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the impact of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NACI) on the tumor microenvironment of...
Appropriate local therapy may provide survival benefits in oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving chemotherapy or targeted therapy. However, its roles in immunotherapy-treated patients have not been fully understood. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-treated metastatic NSCLC patients were enrolled in a prospective multi-center observational study (NCT04766515...
The histone deacetylase inhibitor MS275 (Entinostat) demonstrates anti-tumor effects against various types of solid tumors in vitro. But its effectiveness in clinical trials is limited. The underlying reasons remain to be determined. The purpose of this study was to explore how to enhance the anti-tumor effects of MS275 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Our data showed that MS275...
The CLL1-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy offers a novel therapeutic approach for refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).The targeted elimination of tumor cells by CLL1 CAR-T therapy also induces cytotoxic effects on neutrophils, leading to a severe granulocytopenia, thereby significantly increasing the risk of infectious complications during...
The TAM receptor family is getting more and more attention in the field of tumour immunity. Activation of TAM receptors not only aids in the survival and multiplication of tumour cells but also increases their likelihood of invading other cells and spreading. In addition, activation of TAM receptors helps to inhibit the anti-tumour immune response, allowing tumour cells to evade...
Improving pathological complete response (pCR) rate is currently the main goal of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC). However, improved pCR rates do not consistently translate into better prognosis, likely due to regimen-specific pCR heterogeneity. We investigated this heterogeneity and potential biomarkers between two common...
Factors associated with outcomes of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have not been fully elucidated. We explored the impact of the prelymphodepletion (pre-LD) lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and its ratio to lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (LMR/LDH) on the efficacy and prognosis of 60...
Neoantigen vaccines hold great promise in cancer immunotherapy, but the comparative efficacy of different vaccine platforms, particularly in the context of tumor burden (TB), remains insufficiently studied. In this research, we evaluated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of synthetic long peptide and mRNA-based vaccines, both designed to target identical neoantigens across...
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a significant therapeutic challenge because of the limited effectiveness of current treatments including immunotherapy and chemotherapy. This study investigated the potential of a novel combination therapy using allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells and cetuximab, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody...
Immunotherapy holds significant promise for treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), yet responses are limited to a subset of patients. This research investigates whether analyzing the peripheral T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire could help identify patients who are more likely to benefit from a combination treatment of cetuximab and nivolumab. We report here...
To investigate the relationships between changes in the phenotype of natural killer cells (NK cells) in the microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and the expression of important immune checkpoints. To assess the expression level of CD16 bright CD56 negative (CD16 + CD56-) NK cell-associated immune checkpoints, including protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and T...
Despite an initial response to platinum-based chemotherapy, most patients with extensive stage of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) have a poor prognosis due to recurrence. Additionally, the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors is more modest than non-small cell lung cancer. Natural killer (NK) cells can directly eliminate cancer cells without prior sensitization; this is largely...
Tumor cells can evade antitumor immune response by expressing the PD-L1 ligand, leading to the inhibition of PD-1-expressing T lymphocytes. The mechanisms that regulate PD-L1 expression in cancer cells are imperfectly characterized. The transcription factor ZEB1, a major regulator of phenotype switching in melanoma cells, was shown to promote immune escape in melanoma by...
This individual patient data pooled analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and patterns of use of camrelizumab in a large cohort of advanced esophageal cancer (AEC) patients. Adult patients (≥ 18 years) who had received camrelizumab as part of AEC treatment were pooled from three independent, prospective observational cohort studies (NCT04616040, ChiCTR1900027275...
Lower respiratory tract microbiome constitutes a unique immune microenvironment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer as one of dominant localized microbial components. However, there exists little knowledge on the associations between this regional microbiome and clinical responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy from clinical perspectives. Here, we equivalently collected...
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor with limitedtreatment options due to its resistance to conventional therapies and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this study, we investigated whether clofazimine, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, could enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in GBM. Our in...
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy targeting novel glioblastoma (GBM)-specific cell surface antigens is a promising approach. However, transcriptome analyses have revealed few GBM-specific target antigens. A library of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against tumor cell lines derived from patients with GBM was generated. mAbs reacting with tumor cells in resected tissues...
LPIN3 has emerged as a key factor in a variety of malignancies, although its precise role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. By analyzing the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we discovered that the expression pattern of LPIN3 and the relevant makeup of the immune microenvironment were immensely diverse among tumors. LPIN3 is abundantly expressed in CRC and may enhance...
The development of effective immunotherapies for solid tumors remains a significant challenge. In previous studies, we identified PVT1, a long non-coding RNA, with the peptide HF10 derived from PVT1, presented by HLA-A24. This study aims to develop a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) that specifically recognizes the HLA-A24/HF10 complex (HF10 scFv) and to evaluate its...
T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) is a novel immune checkpoint playing a crucial role in immunosuppression and immune evasion. This study aims to elucidate the expression patterns, characteristics, and possible mechanisms of TIGIT in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). TIGIT expression was analyzed across...
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a highly prevalent form of malignancy. 5-methylcytosine (m5C) methylation functions as a key post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism linked to cancer progression. The persistent expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells plays a pivotal role in facilitating immune evasion and promoting T-cell exhaustion. However, the involvement of m5C in...
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with significant clinical heterogeneity. Recent studies suggest that the intratumoral microbiome may influence the tumor microenvironment, affecting patient prognosis and therapeutic responses. This study aims to identify microbiome-related subtypes in DLBCL and assess their impact on...
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) bring cancer patients tumor control and survival benefits, yet they also trigger immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), notably checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP), affecting about 5% of patients among whom 1–2% experiencing severe grade 3 or higher pneumonitis. Current research points to potential links with T cell subset...