Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities reports on the scholarly progress of work to understand, address, and ultimately eliminate health disparities ...

List of Papers (Total 791)

Depressive Symptoms Affect Cognitive Functioning from Middle to Late Adulthood: Ethnoracial Minorities Experience Greater Repercussions

Cognitive deficits, a diagnostic criterion for depressive disorders, may precede or follow the development of depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder. However, an individual can report an increase in depressive symptoms without any change in cognitive functioning. While ethnoracial minority group differences exist, little is known to date about how the relationship...

Adverse Birth Outcomes and Maternal Morbidity Among Afro-Latinas and Their Infants: A Systematic Literature Review

To evaluate and synthesize research findings on adverse birth outcomes and maternal morbidity among Afro-Latinas and their infants. A systematic review was conducted within PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases. Four thousand five hundred twenty-six published peer-reviewed articles from 1970 to 2023 that reported outcomes related to maternal morbidity and/or birth outcomes...

Structural Racism and HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Use in the Nationwide US: A County-Level Analysis

Structural racism contributes to geographical inequalities in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) coverage in the United States (US). This study aims to investigate county-level variability in PrEP utilization across diverse dimensions of structural racism. The 2013–2021 nationwide county-level PrEP rate and PrEP-to-need ratio (PNR) data were retrieved from AIDSVu. PrEP rate was...

Neighborhood Diversity Is Good for Your Health: An Example of Racial/Ethnic Integration and Preterm Birth in Texas

Racial concentration of neighborhoods is often associated with the risk of preterm birth (PTB) for women. This study examined differences between racially diverse and racially concentrated neighborhoods when examining preterm birth. Individual-level data were obtained from Texas natality files for 2009–2011, and neighborhood-level (i.e., census tract) data were obtained from the...

Movement- and Posture-based Measures of Sedentary Patterns and Associations with Metabolic Syndrome in Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic Adults

Sedentary behavior has been identified as a significant risk factor for Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). However, it is unclear if the sedentary pattern measurement approach (posture vs. movement) impacts observed associations or if associations differ for Hispanic/Latino communities, who have higher risk of MetS. Participants from the Community of Mine (CoM) study (N = 602) wore hip...

Testing for Measurement Invariance (MI): Do the Structures of Microaggression, Discrimination, and Resilience Among Black Women Living with HIV Remain the Same Across Time?

Assessing measurement invariance and the interplay of discrimination, microaggressions, and resilience among Black women living with HIV (BWLWH) across time utilizing latent class and repeated measure analysis may provide novel insights. A total of 151 BWLWH in a southeastern U.S. city completed surveys focused on multiple forms of microaggressions and discrimination (race...

Motivators and Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions Across U.S. County-Level Barriers in the COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage Index

County-level barriers (sociodemographic barriers, limited healthcare system resources, healthcare accessibility barriers, irregular healthcare seeking behaviors, low vaccination history) may impact individuals’ reasons for receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. This study linked data from REACH-US (Race-Related Experiences Associated with COVID-19 and Health in the United States), a...

Hindrances and Enablers of Healthy Eating Behavior Among College Students in an HBCU: A Qualitative Study

Research indicates widespread unhealthy eating habits among college students, posing long-term health risks. This study at a Historically Black College and University (HBCU) aimed to explore the perceived obstacles and facilitators to healthy eating among college students, using the social ecological model (SEM). Through focus group discussions and key informant interviews, the...

Racial Disparities in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of ALS Patients in the United States

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal disease with largely unknown etiology. This study compares racial differences in clinical characteristics of ALS patients enrolled in the National ALS Registry (Registry). Data from ALS patients who completed the Registry’s online clinical survey during 2013–2022 were analyzed to determine characteristics such as site of...

Ethnic Density and Mental Health: Does it Matter Whether the Ethnic Density is Co-ethnic or Multi-ethnic and How Important is Change in Ethnic Density?

The ethnic density thesis suggests a protective health benefit for ethnic minorities living in places with higher concentration of co-ethnic residents. This paper aims to make a step change in the examination of this thesis by proposing ethnic diversity rather than co-ethnic density will be more protective for mental health. The paper proposes ethnic diversity could be a...

Impact of Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities on Access to Interspinous Spacer for Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Nationwide Medicare Analysis

In mild to moderate lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) where conservative care treatments fail, minimally invasive treatments, such as interspinous spacers without decompression or fusion (ISD), may be appropriate. While previous studies have demonstrated racial and socioeconomic disparities in the surgical treatment of LSS, there are limited data on how those factors impact...

Health Equity and Access to COVID-19 Treatments Available through Emergency Use Authorizations

Understanding and evaluating equity in access to care is a critical component to ensuring health equity for all individuals. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration made unprecedented use of its regulatory authority by authorizing the use of unapproved products through Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs). We use data from the U.S. National COVID Cohort...

Immigrant and Racialized Populations’ Cumulative Exposure to Discrimination and Associations with Long-Term Conditions During COVID-19: A Nationwide Large-Scale Study in Canada

This cross-sectional study examines associations between the race-migration nexus, cumulative exposure to intersectional discrimination (2 years before and during the COVID-19 pandemic), and long-term conditions. A nationwide self-selected sample (n = 32,605) was obtained from a Statistics Canada’s Crowdsourcing online survey from August 4 to 24, 2020. Binary and multinomial...

Sleep Disturbance Mediates the Associations Between HIV Stigma and Mental and Physical Health Among Black Adults with HIV

Black Americans have been disproportionally affected by the HIV epidemic, and experience significant disparities in sleep health, mental health, and physical health domains. Using longitudinal data from a sample of Black adults with HIV, the current study examined the associations between stigma and mental and physical health outcomes and how sleep disturbance may play a...

Evidence-based Prostate Cancer Screening Interventions for Black Men: A Systematic Review

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death for men in the U.S. and Black men are twice as likely to die from the disease. However, prostate cancer, if diagnosed at an earlier stage, is curable. The purpose of this review is to identify prostate cancer screening clinical trials that evaluate screening decision-making processes of Black men. The databases PubMed, Ovid...

A Scoping Review of Stigma Related to Prostate Cancer in Black Men

Prostate cancer (CaP) disproportionately affects 1-in-4 Black men and is a stigmatised disease within their communities. Yet, Black men are underrepresented in CaP research concerning stigma, which necessitates a scoping review to map available evidence on this topic to inform future research. To map published literature on stigma related to CaP in Black men to understand their...

An Examination of John Henryism in Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease

John Henryism (JH) is a behavioral predisposition for high-effort coping with adversity. JH has been associated with hypertension in Black Americans with low socioeconomic status (SES) and is also found to be associated with psychological well-being. Sickle cell disease (SCD), a rare genetic disease largely affecting Black Americans in the United States, presents as a chronic...

Comparison of Demographics: National Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Registry and Clinical Trials Data

To characterize the participant demographics in the Pooled Resource Open-Access ALS Clinical Trials (PRO-ACT) database compared with the web-portal National Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Registry (the Registry). Demographics and ALS symptom information were compared between the self-reported registrant data in the Registry web portal (2010–2021) and the latest available PRO...

Contextualizing Help-Seeking Attitudes and Help-Seeking Intention: The Role of Superwoman Schema among Black College Women

Black women are less likely to seek psychological help and underutilize mental health services. Although help-seeking attitudes and intentions are associated in the general population, less is known about this relationship among Black women in college. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the relationship between help-seeking attitudes and intention among 167 self...

Beyond the First Trimester: Social Determinants of Delayed Prenatal Care at a Community Health Center Using the PRAPARE Tool

Social determinants of health have been used to explore associations with pregnancy outcomes and the birth weight of infants; however, research employing individually based social risk measures has not examined associations among underserved populations, including pregnant persons at community health centers. Data were collected from a sample (n = 345) of pregnant persons who...

‘People Like Us Would Have No Clue If the Information Is Online’: Exploring Understanding and Sources of Hepatitis B Information Among Vietnamese Australians

Socio-cultural and behavioural factors are often not adequately considered in designing health promotion programs for culturally and linguistically diverse communities in Australia. Given that people of Vietnamese background are disproportionately impacted by hepatitis B, the aim of this research was to better understand these factors to inform hepatitis B health promotion...

Disparities in Cancer Mortality among Disaggregated Asian American Subpopulations, 2018–2021

Federal, state, and institutional data collection practices and analyses involving Asian Americans as a single, aggregated group obscure critical health disparities among the vast diversity of Asian American subpopulations. Using from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Underlying Causes of Death database...