A comparative study of retention of complete denture base with different types of posterior palatal seals – an in vivo study

Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry Dovepress open access to scientific and medical research Original Research Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry downloaded from https://www.dovepress.com/ by 51.254.16.214 on 12-Jul-2018 For personal use only. Open Access Full Text Article A comparative study of retention of complete denture base with different types of posterior palatal seals – an in vivo study This article was published in the following Dove Press journal: Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry 26 November 2014 Number of times this article has been viewed GS Chandu 1 BS Hema 2 Harsh Mahajan 1 Antriksh Azad 2 Ipsita Sharma 3 Anurag Azad 4 Department of Prosthodontics, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; 2Department of Conservative Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; 3Department of Oral Pathology, RKDF Dental college and Research centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bhabha College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India 1 Aim: To evaluate retention of complete denture base with different types of posterior palatal seals. Material and methods: Ten male patients between the age group of 50 years to 60 years were selected for the study. After the primary and secondary impressions were taken, five casts were made including a cast without posterior palatal seal, a cast with single bead posterior palatal seal, a cast with double bead posterior palatal seal, a cast with butterfly shaped posterior palatal seal, and a cast with posterior palatal seal with low fusing compound by functional method. Results: It was observed that retention increased up to 108% in the posterior palatal seal with low fusing compound with functional method and the posterior palatal seal that was obtained by using functional method provided greater retention than a denture base without posterior palatal seal. Conclusion: It was concluded that the incorporation of a posterior palatal seal is important for obtaining optimum retention of the maxillary complete denture. Keywords: posterior palatal seal, denture base, complete denture, functional method Introduction The rationale for the posterior palatal seal lies in completing peripheral seal along the posterior denture border. It provides an effective barrier against the ingress of air or fluid during the functional movement of the soft palate or slight movement of denture during function.1 The available literature states that addition of posterior palatal seal markedly increases the retention of the denture. To test the retention of maxillary complete denture base both caudally directed intra-oral and cranially directed extra-oral forces have been applied. The following study was carried out for comparative evaluation of retention of complete maxillary denture bases with different posterior palatal seals. Material and methods Correspondence: GS Chandu Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Gandhi nagar, Bhopal, 462036, Madhya Pradesh, India Email 95 submit your manuscript | www.dovepress.com Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry 2014:6 95–100 Dovepress © 2014 Chandu et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress.com/permissions.php http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CCIDE.S73446 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) The study was carried out in the Department of Prosthodontics Crown and Bridge of PMNM Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, ethical committee reference number 2847. Ten male patients with an average age of 60 years were selected for the study. The selection was based on the clinical examination and evaluation of the diagnostic cast. Subjects who had been edentulous for varying periods of 6 months to 2 years were selected. The subjects were without any systemic diseases and with good Dovepress Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry downloaded from https://www.dovepress.com/ by 51.254.16.214 on 12-Jul-2018 For personal use only. Chandu et al neuromuscular control for better cooperation. The ridges were well-healed, round, smooth, and oral mucosa covering the ridges was firmly attached with average resiliency and thickness. Patients with ridges without bilateral or anterior undercuts were selected. All the subjects had normal salivary flow. The nature of study to be carried out was explained to all subjects. The primary impression was made with an impression compound (Y-dent, Delhi, India) and was border-molded to get the acceptable extension and border thickness (Figure 1). The uniform thickness of a 2 mm spacer was adapted over the cast and keeping it short by 2 mm all over the periphery and a tray was prepared with self-activated acrylic resin (Figure 2). A secondary impression was made with free-flowing zinc oxide eugenol paste (DPI impression paste, DPI, Mumbai, India) with light pressure and border-molding (Figure 3). The posterior palatal seal area was marked by first locating the pterygomaxillary (hamular) notch with the T burnisher or Moons probe and then marking the line 1.5 mm distal to hamular notches. The posterior palatal seal area marking over the cast was slightly scraped with a sharp instrument to represent the posterior palatal seal area of subsequent casts. The master cast was marked “M”. Dental stone (Dutt stone, 30:100) was poured into the molds over a vibrator to avoid the entrapment of air bubbles. The casts were recovered after 1 hour and marked “A”, “B”, and “C” respectively (Figure 4). On cast “A” a V-shaped groove 1 to 1.5 mm deep and 1.5 mm at its base was carved 2 mm anterior to vibrating linejunction of hard and soft palate. On cast “B” a groove of 1 to 1.5 mm deep and 1.5 mm wide was carved 1 mm anterior to the vibrating line, passing through the hamular notch. An additional groove 1 mm deep and 1 mm wide at its base was Figure 1 Primary impression. 96 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) submit your manuscript | www.dovepress.com Dovepress Figure 2 Primary cast with special tray. carved just distal to anterior limit of posterior palatal seal area. On cast “C” a butterfly shaped design was carved as suggested by Hardy and Kapur1 with a groove of 1 mm deep and 1.5 mm wide at the base in the center of the posterior palatal seal area, passing through the hamular notch. The denture base was prepared by using double thickness (...truncated)