Sugarcane yeast inclusion for broilers at post-hatch
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
Brazilian Journal of Animal Science
© 2017 Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia
ISSN 1806-9290
www.sbz.org.br
R. Bras. Zootec., 46(12):924-928, 2017
Short Communication
Sugarcane yeast inclusion for broilers at post-hatch
Cláudia da Costa Lopes1*, Carlos Bôa-Viagem Rabello2, Jaqueline de Cássia Ramos da Silva3,
Emmanuele Maria Florêncio de Arruda3, Maria do Carmo Mohaupt Marques Ludke2, Wilson
Moreira Dutra Junior2
1
2
3
Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Educação e Zootecnia, Departamento de Zootecnia, Parintins, AM, Brazil.
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Zootecnia, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, Recife, PE, Brazil.
ABSTRACT - A total of 450 one-day-old male broiler chicks were used to evaluate the effect of the sugarcane yeast on
performance, body composition, and development of the intestinal mucosa. The experiment was carried out in a completely
randomized design with five treatments and six replicates of 15 birds. Sugarcane yeast was included in the experimental diets at
the levels of 0, 12.5, 25.0, 37.5, and 50.0 g kg−1. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion were determined.
At the end of the experiment, four broiler chicks were slaughtered per experimental unit: two were used for evaluation of
moisture content, crude protein, fat, and body ash and the other two were used in the collection of small-intestine segments
for evaluation of villus height and crypt depth. The increasing yeast levels resulted in a linear increase in feed intake and feed
conversion. Inclusion of more than 14.4 g kg−1 yeast resulted in a reduction of body ash content. Villus height and crypt depth
in the jejunum showed maximum values at the sugarcane yeast levels of 20.9 and 20.6 g kg−1, respectively. In the ileum, the
crypt depth reduction at the level of 25.6 g kg−1 also resulted in an increase in villus:crypt ratio. Yeast inclusion increases feed
intake and feed conversion, improves body mineral absorption, and increases villus height in the jejunum and the villus:crypt
ratio in the ileum of broiler chicks.
Key Words: body composition, broiler, intestinal morphology, performance, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Introduction
In virtue of the seasonality of production and the price
variation of corn and soybean meal, many researchers
have evaluated agroindustrial byproducts that can be used
as alternative ingredients to feed broilers. Among these
ingredients, sugarcane yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
takes a prominent position for being a protein source of high
biological value with components that act on the intestinal
mucosa, improving nutrient absorption and, consequently,
the performance of broilers.
In the small intestine, the villus, an intestinal mucous
membrane, increases the nutrient absorption area. The
Received: December 27, 2016
Accepted: April 12, 2017
cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has mannanoligosaccharides (MOS), which block the fixation of certain
pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal walls, favoring the
growth of beneficial bacteria and preserving the intestinal
mucous membrane integrity. Additionally, the extract of
yeast has nucleotides and inositol, which help the cell
synthesis process in the villus by increasing its size.
Lopes et al. (2011) worked with whole yeast cell and
observed greater villus heights in the segments of the small
intestine on the 7th day of age, without any effects on
performance.
Based on the above-described considerations, this study
was conducted to evaluate the effect of addition of sugarcane
yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, intestinal
morphometry, and body composition of broilers from one
to eight days of age.
*Corresponding author:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-92902017001200008
How to cite: Lopes, C. C.; Rabello, C. B. V.; Silva, J. C. R.; Arruda, E. M. F.;
Lüdke, M. C. M. M. and Dutra Junior, W. M. 2017. Sugarcane yeast inclusion
for broilers at post-hatch. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 46(12):924-928.
Copyright © 2017 Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia. This is an Open Access
article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Material and Methods
This experiment was conducted according to the
recommendations of the local Committee of Ethics in
Animal Use (License no. 078/2014), in Recife, PE, Brazil.
The experimental period was eight days.
Lopes et al.
Four hundred and fifty one-day-old Cobb 500 male
chicks were used. Birds were placed in masonry boxes with
wood shavings covering the concrete floors equipped with
an automatic drinker, a semi-automatic feeder, and a heating
system. The photoperiod was 24 h of light. Temperature
and relative humidity were maintained within the comfort
of the birds.
Chicks were distributed in a completely randomized
design with five treatments and six replicates, each replicate
with 15 birds. Treatments (diets) consisted of inclusion of
0, 12.5, 25.0, 37.5, and 50.0 g sugarcane yeast per kilogram
of diet. The sugarcane yeast had the following chemical
composition: 868.4 g kg−1 dry matter, 171.3 g kg−1 crude
protein, 9.4 g kg−1 ether extract, 75.1 g kg−1 mineral matter,
128.5 g kg−1 crude fiber, 6.61 MJ/kg apparent metabolizable
energy, 2.8 g kg−1 methionine, 1.3 g kg−1 cysteine, 4.1 g kg−1
methionine + cysteine, 12.9 g kg−1 lysine, 11.0 g kg−1
threonine, 7.9 g kg−1 arginine, 8.9 g kg−1 isoleucine, 13.2 g kg−1
925
leucine, 10.2 g kg−1 valine, 3.9 g kg−1 histidine, and 8.1 g kg−1
phenylalanine. Amino acids were analyzed by the company
Evonik Brazil - Degussa Hulls.
Diets were formulated to meet the nutritional
requirements recommended by the Cobb 500 guidelines, to
be isoenergetic and isonutritive (Table 1). Feed and water
were supplied ad libitum.
Feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion were
calculated at the end of the experiment. Two chicks with
the average weight of each experimental unit were fasted for
8 h and slaughtered by cervical dislocation for evaluation
of body composition, in which the dry matter, ether extract,
crude protein, and mineral matter contents were analyzed
(AOAC, 2005).
Two chicks per experimental unit were slaughtered
by cervical dislocation for the collection of duodenum,
jejunum, and ileum segments to be examined with a light
microscope. Histological sections were photographed and
Table 1 - Composition and nutritional values of experimental diets
Sugarcane yeast inclusion level (g kg−1)
0
12.5
25.0
37.5
50.0
515.00
00.00
394.00
9.80
12.51
31.90
20.95
0.50
1.00
5.18
0.14
2.39
0.63
1.00
5.00
1000.00
508.41
12.50
390.03
9.61
9.38
33.18
20.83
0.50
1.00
5.12
0.17
2.43
0.65
1.00
5.00
1000.00
501.81
25.00
386.05
9.83
6.26
34.45
20.72
0.50
1.00
5.07
0.19
2.47
0.67
1.00
5.00
(...truncated)
