Biological activities of biogenically synthesized fluorescent silver nanoparticles using Acanthospermum hispidum leaves extract

Research Article Biological activities of biogenically synthesized fluorescent silver nanoparticles using Acanthospermum hispidum leaves extract Suresh Ghotekar1 · Shreyas Pansambal2 · Sharad P. Pawar3,4 · Trupti Pagar5 · Rajeshwari Oza2 · Sachin Bangale6 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 Abstract Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by an implicitly environmentally gracious route using Acanthospermum hispidum aqueous leaves extract at room temperature reported. This approach is facile, swift, cost-effective and stable for a long time, reproducible at room temperature and in an eco-friendly manner to obtain a self-assembly of AgNPs. These fabricated AgNPs were investigated by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscope with selected area electron diffraction, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy, particle size, zeta potential, photoluminescence with fluorescence life-time spectroscopy and surface area with porosity studies of synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed by Brunauer– Emmett–Teller and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda curve. Besides, these AgNPs displayed antibacterial, antifungal antimycobacterial and antimalarial activity against some bacterial pathogens. From the outcomes obtained it is suggested that AgNPs could be used effectively in future nanobiotechnology and medical concerns. Keywords Green chemistry · AgNPs · Phytochemicals · Biological activities · Nanotechnology 1 Introduction Proliferation of nanotechnology has grabbed attention from all fields of science and technology due to the significant and innumerable applications of nanoparticles. Nowadays, the outstanding application of nanomaterials in nanocomputers, nanofertilizers, energy science, cosmetics, food technology, space industry, mechanics, electronic and optical displays, sensors, catalysis and biomedical devices is being explored [1–10]. Over the past some decades, fabrication of several metal nanoparticles such as antimony, copper, gold, palladium, selenium, platinum and silver using fungi, bacteria, and plant extracts is already reported in literature [11–14]. Amongst them silver has been used as coinage metal and many traditional medicines of Ayurveda in ancient time. Therewithal, AgNPs has attracted considerable attention owing to their various fabulous properties like photyocatalysis [15], sensors [16], catalysis [17], antibacterial [18], antiangiogenesis [19], antiviral [20], anti-inflammatory [21], antiseptic sprays, fabrics, topical creams, wound dressing and successfully implemented in the cancer diagnosis and treatment [4, 22, 23]. Heretofore, several notable synthetic routes were employed for the fabrication of AgNPs in the past, such as including laser ablation technique [24], thermal decomposition [25], radiation assisted [26], microwave assisted [27], electrochemical [28] and chemical reduction method [29]. Nevertheless, these conventional chemical and physical * Suresh Ghotekar, | 1Department of Chemistry, Sanjivani Arts, Commerce and Science College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Kopargaon, Maharashtra 423603, India. 2Department of Chemistry, S.N. Arts, D.J.M. Commerce and B.N.S. Science College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Sangamner, Maharashtra 422605, India. 3Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India. 4PFIC, Grasim Industries, Aditya Birla Group, Taloja MIDC, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 410208, India. 5Department of Chemistry, G.M.D Arts, B.W Commerce and Science College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Sinnar, Maharashtra 422103, India. 6Department of Chemistry, GMV Science College, University of Mumbai, Tala, Maharashtra 402111, India. SN Applied Sciences (2019) 1:1342 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1389-0 Received: 11 June 2019 / Accepted: 28 September 2019 / Published online: 5 October 2019 Vol.:(0123456789) Research Article SN Applied Sciences (2019) 1:1342 | https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1389-0 routes are not only energy spendthrift, but also costly and environmentally unfriendly, due to the use of mephitic and perilous chemical [3, 4]. Compared with the conventional routes based on plants or microorganisms have been exhibited in recent years to be cost-effective, swift synthesis, lack of venomous chemicals and environmentally benign and yet produces highly vigorous and stable nanoparticles [3, 4]. Therefore, the biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles represents a linkage among nanotechnology and biotechnology, has gained increasing consideration due to the growing need to develop environmentally benign methodologies for nanomaterial syntheses. Also, biosynthetic method using plant extracts has received more significant attention than chemical and physical methods and even than the utilization of microbes. The method is ideal for nanomaterial fabrication due to the absence of any necessity to maintain an aseptic environment [30]. These developing impetuses of green chemistry, considerable endeavor have been directed toward the biosynthesis of inorganic nanoparticles. Since ancient times, both primary and secondary metabolites of plants (phytochemicals) have demonstrated their importance in Ayurveda, however the use of phytochemicals for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles still remains unexplored and is an area of great research potential. The scrutiny of the literature revealed some notable plant extract used for facile synthesis of AgNPs. For example, Nervalia zeylanica [31], Beutia monosperma [32], Leucaena leucocephala L. [18], Ipomoea digitata [33], Caesalpinia pulcherrima [34], Buddleja globosa [35], Sacha inchi [36], Peganum harmala [37], unripe fruit of Annona reticulata [38], Ziziphora tenuior [39], Caralluma fimbriata [40], root of Acanthospermum hispidum [41], Pistacia atlantica [42] and Rosa Chinensis L. [43] has been already reported. Acanthospermum hispidum (AH) belongs family Asteraceae is an annual plant (Fig. 1) which is native to tropical America. This plant is also used for many medicinal purposes. Amongst them, leaves and flowering tops of the plant have antimicrobial activity, crushed herb is used in the form of the paste to treat the skin ailments and leaf juice is used to relieve the fever. A scrutiny of the literature revealed some notable pharmacological activities of the drug like antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antiviral, antiplasmodial, antitumor, antibacterial and antidiarrheal activity [44–50]. In the present study, AgNPs have been easily and rapidly fabricated using leaves extract of AH. Biological activities of these nanoparticles were evaluated using disc diffusion method, Lowenstein–Jensen (L. J.) method and JSB stain method. Vol:.(1234567890) Fig. 1  Leaves of Acanthospermum hispidum L. plant 2 Materials and methods 2.1 Materials AH fresh leaves were sourced from Chandwad college campus, Nashik, Maharashtra, Ind (...truncated)