Dactylogyrids (Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea) from the gills of Hassar gabiru and Hassar orestis (Siluriformes: Doradidae) from the Xingu Basin, Brazil

ZOOLOGIA 35: e23917 ISSN 1984-4689 (online) zoologia.pensoft.net RESEARCH ARTICLE Dactylogyrids (Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea) from the gills of Hassar gabiru and Hassar orestis (Siluriformes: Doradidae) from the Xingu Basin, Brazil Geusivam Barbosa Soares , João Flor dos Santos Neto 1,3 , Marcus Vinicius Domingues 1,2 1,2,3 Laboratório de Sistemática e Coevolução, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará. Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, 68600-000 Bragança, PA, Brazil. 2 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Pará. Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, 68600-000 Bragança, PA, Brazil. 3 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Pará. Rua Coronel José Porfírio 2515, 68372-040 Altamira, PA, Brazil. Corresponding author: Marcus Vinicius Domingues () 1 http://zoobank.org/D9131C5F-DEF6-49DF-9876-CFA578CFAA9A ABSTRACT. Four species of Cosmetocleithrum (three new) and one new species of Vancleaveus are described or reported parasitizing the gills of doradid catfishes (Siluriformes) from Xingu River and related tributaries: Cosmetocleithrum phryctophallus sp. nov. and Cosmetocleithrum bifurcum Mendoza-Franco, Mendoza-Palmero & Scholz, 2016 from Hassar orestis; Cosmetocleithrum leandroi sp. nov. from Hassar gabiru; Cosmetocleithrum akuanduba sp. nov. and Vancleaveus klasseni sp. nov. from Hassar orestis and H. gabiru. Cosmetocleithrum phryctophallus sp. nov. differs from its congeners by possessing a male copulatory organ (MCO) with 2 ½ counterclockwise rings, and an accessory piece with an elongate torch-shaped blade. Cosmetocleithrum leandroi sp. nov. has a MCO comprising a coil of about 3 ½ rings, a sigmoid accessory piece with a cup-shaped distal portion, a single type of hooks, and anchors with poorly differentiated roots. Cosmetocleithrum akuanduba sp. nov. is characterized mainly by having a J-shaped MCO, an elongate accessory piece with sharp distal region, distal portion with a small gutter, and a heavily sclerotized vagina with short “S”-shaped vaginal canal. Vancleaveus klasseni sp. nov. differs from the other species of the genus occurring in doradids by possessing anchors with triangular to subtriangular superficial root, developed deep root, and a coiled MCO with 2 ½ counterclockwise rings. Cosmetocleithrum bifurcum was reported for the first time parasitizing doradids from Brazilian Amazon. KEY WORDS. Amazon, Cosmetocleithrum, Vancleaveus. INTRODUCTION Freshwater catfish belonging to the Doradidae Bleeker, 1858 (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes) are endemic to the Neotropics, being reported in all basins of South America, mainly in Brazil, Peru, and Guianas (Birindelli 2014, Nelson et al. 2016). There are currently 65 species of Doradidae occurring in Brazilian inland waters, of which ~70% are reported from the Amazon Basin (Buckup et al. 2007, Birindelli 2014, Sabaj-Pérez and Hernández 2017). Within the Amazon Basin, 15 species of the following genera are reported to occur in the Xingu River: Anadoras Eigenmann, 1925 (1 species), Doras Lacepède, 1803 (1 species), Hassar Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888 (2 species), Leptodoras Boulenger, 1898 (2 species), Megalodoras Eigenmann, 1925 (1 species), Nemadoras Eigenmann, 1925 (1 species), Ossancora Sabaj-Pérez & Birindelli, 2011 (1 species), Oxydoras Kner, 1855 (1 species), Platydoras Bleeker, 1862 (2 species), Rhinodoras Bleeker, 1862 (1 species), Rhynchodoras Klausewitz & Rössel, 1961 ZOOLOGIA 35: e23917 | DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.35.e23917 | June 29, 2018 1 / 16 G.B. Soares et al. Table 1. List of parasite species of Vancleaveus and Cosmetocleithrum, hosts species, host family, locality and references. AR = Argentina, BR = Brazil, PE = Peru. Parasite Host Vancleaveus janauacaensis Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Pterodoras granulosus Vancleaveus cicinnus Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Vancleaveus fungulus Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Vancleaveus platyrhynchi Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Cosmetocleithrum bulbocirrus Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Cosmetocleithrum confusus Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Family Locality References Doradidae BR 1 AR 3 PE 8, 10 Hoplias malabaricus Erythrynidae BR 9 Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum Pimelodidae BR 12 Pseudoplatystoma. corrucans Pimelodidae BR 12 Phractocephalus hemiliopterus Pimelodidae BR 1 Fransciscodoras marmoratus Doradidae BR 4 Pimelodus albicans Pimelodidae AR 3 Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum Pimelodidae BR 12 Pseudoplatystoma. corrucans Pimelodidae BR 12 Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum Pimelodidae BR 1 Pseudoplatystoma fasciatus Pimelodidae BR 5 PE 8 Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum Pimelodidae BR 12 Pseudoplatystoma. corrucans Pimelodidae BR 12 Pseudoplatystoma. corrucans Pimelodidae PE 5 Hemisorubim platyrhynchos Pimelodidae BR 1 PE 8 Pterodoras granulosus Doradidae BR 1 Ageneiosus ucayalensis Auchenipteridae BR 11 Hoplias malabaricus Erythrinidae BR 9 PE 8 BR 1 Oxydoras niger Doradidae PE 2 Cosmetocleithrum gussevi Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Oxydoras niger Doradidae BR 1, 6 PE 2 Cosmetocleithrum parvum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Oxydoras niger Doradidae BR 1 Cosmetocleithrum rarum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Oxydoras niger Doradidae BR 1 Cosmetocleithrum sobrinus Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1986 Oxydoras niger Doradidae BR 1 PE 2 Pimelodidae AR 3 Cosmetocleithrum longivaginatum Suriano & Incorvaia, 1995 Pimelodus albicans Cosmetocleithrum striatuli Abdallah, Azevedo & Luque, 2012 Trachelyopterus striatulus Auchenipteridae BR 7 Auchenipterus nuchalis Auchenipteridae BR 15 Trachelyopterus coriaceus Auchenipteridae BR 14 Trachelyopterus galeatus Auchenipteridae BR 14 Cosmetocleithrum tortum Mendoza-Franco, Mendoza-Palmero & Scholz, 2016 Nemadoras hemipeltis Doradidae PE 13 Cosmetocleithrum bifurcum Mendoza-Franco, Mendoza-Palmero & Scholz, 2016 Hassar orestis Doradidae PE 13 Cosmetocleithrum laciniatum Yamada, Yamada, Silva & Anjos, 2017 Trachelyopterus galeatus Auchenipteridae BR 16 Paracosmetocleithrum trachydorasi Acosta, Scholz, Blasco-Costa, Alves & da Silva, 2018 Trachydoras paraguayensis Doradidae BR 17 1. Kritsky et al. (1986); 2. Iannacone and Luque (1991); 3. Suriano and Incorvaia (1995); 4. Santos and Brasil-Sato (2006); 5. Takemoto et al. (2009); 6. Silva et al. (2011); 7. Abdallah et al. (2012); 8. Mendoza-Palmero et al. (2012); 9. Graça et al. (2013); 10. Mendoza-Palmero et al. (2015); 11. Ferreira and Tavares-Dias (2016); 12. Jeronimo et al. (2016); 13. Mendoza-Franco et al. (2016); 14. Pantoja et al. (2016); 15. Tavares-Dias (2017); 16. Yamada et al. (2017); 17. Acosta et al. (2018). (1 species) and Trachydoras Eigenmann, 1925 (1 species) (Eler et al. 2007, Buckup et al. 2007, Birindelli et al. 2011). Thirty-five species of metazoan parasites have been reported to infect doradids (i.e., 2 Aca (...truncated)