Los roedores de Jalisco, México: clave de determinación

Therya, Jan 2014

Introduction: The state of Jalisco with only 4.0 % of the national area holds about 27.0 % (64 spp) of all rodent species described for Mexico. This knowledge of the richness of rodents from Jalisco is clearly known and refers only to the publications cited the presence of a taxon inside the state border. Therefore, this paper aims to propose an illustrated key to facilitate any interested person a tool that allows them to easily recognize rodent species inhabiting the state of Jalisco. It also represents an effort that seeks to contribute to a better understanding of morphological variation that is so difficult to appreciate in this group of vertebrates. Methods: The key to the identification of rodents of Jalisco was integrated based on the compilation and analysis of bibliographic information, and review of museum specimens deposited in the mammal collection of the Centro de Estudios en Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara (CZUG). We consider first the original literature where these taxa are described, and ensure the correct identification of the members of the rodents were considered diagnostic characters allowing species easily recognize. With the purpose of facilitating the understanding and accessibility of the key to any interested and not just specialists, have been included illustrations that accompany the text in almost all expressions of character states. Results: The diversity of rodents of Jalisco consists of 64 species, which fall under 30 genera and five families. As a result they, the rodents are the second most diverse group of mammals in the state, behind only the order Chiroptera (73 spp.). Of all species, 18 (28.0 %) are monotypic and 46 (72.0 %) polytypic. In relation to the endemic species, six genera and 29 species are endemic to Mexico. The family that had the greatest number of species was Cricetidae (40 spp) that contains about 62.5 % of all rodent species considered for the state. The families Sciuridae and Heteromyidae have eight species each (25.0 %), Geomyidae five (8%) and Muridae have only three species (4.5 %). In relation to protected species by the Mexican government, four and one subspecies are subject to special protection, and emphasizes Xenomys nelsoni which is within the category of threatened. Discussion and conclusions: The state of Jalisco has considerable richness and concentration of endemic species of rodents; this is basically due to its geographical location in the transition zone between the Nearctic and Neotropical region, and a series of topographic and climatic factors. Comparing the total number of species (64) recorded in Jalisco with other regions such as Chiapas (48 spp.) and Oaxaca (56 spp.) suggests that diversity of rodents Jalisco is high. It should be considered an important Jalisco western Mexico area, not only for biodiversity and many endemic species which houses, but also to promote the conservation of its biological richness.Keywords : illustrated key; Jalisco; mammals; Mexico; morphology; rodents.

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Los roedores de Jalisco, México: clave de determinación

The rodents from Jalisco, Mexico: identification key THERYA, agosto, 2014 Vol.5(2): 633-678 DOI: 10.12933/therya-14-212 Los roedores de Jalisco, México: clave de determinación Edgar G. Godinez1, 2* y Sergio Guerrero2 Introduction: The state of Jalisco with only 4.0 % of the national area holds about 27.0 % (64 spp) of all rodent species described for Mexico. This knowledge of the richness of rodents from Jalisco is clearly known and refers only to the publications cited the presence of a taxon inside the state border. Therefore, this paper aims to propose an illustrated key to facilitate any interested person a tool that allows them to easily recognize rodent species inhabiting the state of Jalisco. It also represents an effort that seeks to contribute to a better understanding of morphological variation that is so difficult to appreciate in this group of vertebrates. Methods: The key to the identification of rodents of Jalisco was integrated based on the compilation and analysis of bibliographic information, and review of museum specimens deposited in the mammal collection of the Centro de Estudios en Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara (CZUG). We consider first the original literature where these taxa are described, and ensure the correct identification of the members of the rodents were considered diagnostic characters allowing species easily recognize. With the purpose of facilitating the understanding and accessibility of the key to any interested and not just specialists, have been included illustrations that accompany the text in almost all expressions of character states. Results: The diversity of rodents of Jalisco consists of 64 species, which fall under 30 genera and five families. As a result they, the rodents are the second most diverse group of mammals in the state, behind only the order Chiroptera (73 spp.). Of all species, 18 (28.0 %) are monotypic and 46 (72.0 %) polytypic. In relation to the endemic species, six genera and 29 species are endemic to Mexico. The family that had the greatest number of species was Cricetidae (40 spp) that contains about 62.5 % of all rodent species considered for the state. The families Sciuridae and Heteromyidae have eight species each (25.0 %), Geomyidae five (8%) and Muridae have only three species (4.5 %). In relation to protected species by the Mexican government, four and one subspecies are subject to special protection, and emphasizes Xenomys nelsoni which is within the category of threatened. Discussion and conclusions: The state of Jalisco has considerable richness and concentration of endemic species of rodents; this is basically due to its geographical location in the transition zone between the Nearctic and Neotropical region, and a series of topographic and climatic factors. Comparing the total number of species (64) recorded in Jalisco with other regions such as Chiapas (48 spp.) and Oaxaca (56 spp.) suggests that diversity of rodents Jalisco is high. It should be considered an important Jalisco western Mexico area, not only for biodiversity and many endemic species which houses, but also to promote the conservation of its biological richness. Key words: illustrated key, Jalisco, mammals, Mexico, morphology, rodents. Resumen El estado de Jalisco con solo el 4.0 % (78,588 km²) de la superficie nacional, sostiene cerca del 28.0 % (64 spp) de todas las especies de roedores registradas para México (232 spp). Esta riqueza de roedores es claramente conocida y se remite solo a las Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Distrito Federal, México E-mail: (EGG). 2 Centro de Estudios en Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México, CP 44101. E-mail: (SG). * Corresponding author 1 LOS ROEDORES DE JALISCO, MÉXICO publicaciones donde citan la presencia de los taxa dentro del límite estatal. Por ende, el presente documento tiene como objetivo proponer una clave ilustrada para facilitar a los especialistas o cualquier interesado, una herramienta que les permita reconocer de manera fiable y precisa las especies de roedores que habitan el estado de Jalisco. Así también, representa un esfuerzo que busca coadyuvar al mejor entendimiento de la variación morfológica que es tan complicado de apreciar en este grupo de vertebrados. La clave para la determinación de los roedores del estado de Jalisco se integró con base en la compilación y análisis de la información bibliográfica, y de la observación puntual de los ejemplares depositados en la colección de mamíferos del Centro de Estudios en Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara (CZUG). Para esto se consideró en primer término la literatura original de descripción de estos taxa, y en su caso para asegurar la determinación correcta de los integrantes de este grupo, se tomaron en cuenta los caracteres diagnósticos que permiten reconocer fácilmente las especies. Con intención de facilitar la comprensión y accesibilidad de la clave a cualquier interesado y no solo a especialistas, ha sido ilustrada con dibujos originales que acompañan al texto en casi todas las expresiones de los estados del carácter. Un total de 64 especies componen la fauna de roedores del estado de Jalisco, las cuales quedan comprendidas en 30 géneros y cinco familias. Como resultado de ello, los roedores son el segundo grupo de mamíferos más diverso en el estado, solo detrás del orden Chiroptera que está representado por 73 especies. Del total de las especies, 18 (28.0 %) son monotípicas y 46 (72.0 %) politípicas. En relación a los endemismos, seis géneros y 29 especies son endémicos a México. La familia mejor representada fue Cricetidae con 40 especies, que representa cerca del 62.5 % del total de especies de roedores consideradas para el estado, seguida de Heteromyidae y Sciuridae con ocho especias cada una. La familia Goemyidae tiene cinco especies y Muridae solo está conformada por tres especies. En relación a la protección por parte del Gobierno Mexicano, cuatro y una subespecie están sujetas a protección especial, y resalta Xenomys nelsoni que se encuentra dentro de la categoría de amenazada. El estado de Jalisco tiene una riqueza y concentración de especies endémicas de roedores considerable; esto se debe básicamente a su ubicación geográfica en la zona de transición entre la región Neártica y la Neotropical, y por una serie de factores topográficos y climáticos. Comparando el número total de especies (64) registradas en Jalisco con las de otras regiones del país como Chiapas (48 spp) y Oaxaca (56 spp), sugiere que la diversidad de los roedores de esta entidad es alta. Se trata de una zona importante para el occidente de México, no solo para la biodiversidad y el gran número de especies endémicas que resguarda, sino también para promover la conservación de su riqueza biológica. Palabras clave: clave ilustrada, Jalisco, mamíferos, México, morfología, roedores. Introducción Los roedores son mamíferos que se han adaptado con éxito a (...truncated)


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Edgar G. Godinez, Sergio Guerrero. Los roedores de Jalisco, México: clave de determinación, Therya, 2014, pp. 633-678, Volume 5, Issue 2, DOI: 10.12933/therya-14-212