La experiencia de ocio en familia de jóvenes estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria postobligatoria (Family leisure-time experiences of post-compulsory secondary education students)

OBETS. Revista de Ciencias Sociales Vol. 12, Extra 1, 2017, pp. 81-102 ISSN-e: 1989-1385 | ISSN: 2529-9727 DOI: 10.14198/OBETS2017.12.1.13 LA EXPERIENCIA DE OCIO EN FAMILIA DE JÓVENES ESTUDIANTES DE ENSEÑANZA SECUNDARIA POSTOBLIGATORIA FAMILY LEISURE-TIME EXPERIENCES OF POST-COMPULSORY SECONDARY EDUCATION STUDENTS Joseba Doistua Nebreda Universidad de Deusto, España Yolanda Lázaro Fernández Universidad de Deusto, España Concepción Bru Ronda Universidad de Alicante, España Cómo citar / Citation Doistua Nebreda, Joseba; Lázaro Fernando, Yolanda y Bru Ronda, Concepción (2017) “La experiencia de ocio en familia de jóvenes estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria postobligatoria”. OBETS. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 12(Extra 1): pp-pp. 81-102. doi:10.14198/OBETS2017.12.1.13 Resumen Este artículo pretende resaltar la importancia de las experiencias de ocio compartidas con la familia, entre otros, como ámbito de desarrollo juvenil, tomando en consideración la principal actividad de ocio de la juventud. Se analiza de manera comparada el grupo que realiza dicha actividad en familia, frente a aquellos que la realizan con otras personas, en relación al tipo de prácticas, beneficios percibidos, su vida familiar y la importancia que estas dan al ocio de sus hijos e hijas. Se realiza a través de la explotación de un cuestionario, con una muestra de jóvenes que cursan enseñanzas secundarias postobligatorias. Palabras clave: Ocio, Juventud, Familia, Beneficios del ocio. 82 Joseba Doistua Nebreda, Yolanda Lázaro Fernández y Concepción Bru Ronda Abstract: The aim of the present article is to emphasise the importance of leisure-time experiences shared with the family, among others, as an area of youth development, considering the principal leisure-time activity of the youth. A group doing the previously mentioned activity with the family and others doing it with other people are analysed in a comparative manner. Regarding the type of the activities, the benefits, their family life and the significance all these have in the leisure time of their children. This information is obtained using a survey with a sample taken from Post-compulsory Secondary Education youth. Key words: Leisure time, Youth, Family, Benefits of leisure. Extended abstract: Family is the first place of socialization and construction of identity. According to Espada, González and Campos (2009), the family environment together with the school is where healthy habits are conformed and acquired in our youth. We are currently experiencing profound and convulsive changes in this institution that makes these new models and forms of articulation lead to an openness to family heterogeneity in composition, size (Valdemoros et al., 2014), and in relationships with others institutions. The contemporary family evolves according to the new realities, since it is a plural and dynamic institution. Several authors affirm that family influences in a very decisive way in the construction of the youth leisure, noting that the family’s internal functioning is one of the most relevant determinants and equally young people mention the family as an important reference in their vital life. In this article we understand the leisure experience as a free, satisfying human experience with an end in itself; that is, voluntary and separate from necessity. The Youth 2010 Report points out that the importance of leisure was quite or very important for 90% of young people, showing an upward trend in the value of free time or leisure. Therefore, leisure has become one of the aspects that gives value and meaning to the youth’s life, where they develop skills, aptitudes and values that bring them closer to the feeling of self-fulfillment. It is essential to emphasize that at this stage the peer group or friendships determine to a great extent their leisure practice, beyond the determinations resulting of their family or school practices. Therefore, overall, this article aims to analyse the importance of leisure-time experiences shared with the family, among others, as an area of youth development. To do so, the principal leisure-time activity of the youth (males and females) is considered, analysing in a comparative manner a group doing the previously mentioned activity with the family and others doing it with other people. The universe of the subject of study consisted of all the Post-compulsory Secondary Education students in Spain. For the definition of the sample a stratified probability sampling was made (by means of proportional allocation) to the students of Post-compulsory Secondary Education of the General Education System of public, Public Private Partnership and private educational centres OBETS. Revista de Ciencias Sociales. Vol. 12, Extra 1, 2017, pp. 81-102. DOI: 10.14198/OBETS2017.12.1.13 La experiencia de ocio en familia de jóvenes estudiantes... 83 of Spain (Bachillerato, middle-grade and basic Vocational Trainings). The final sample consists of 2694 surveys (34 more than the expected), that allows a sampling error of 1,9% and a confidence level of 95%. Furthermore, the opinion of the families of the students regarding similar matters was taken into account. The students themselves gathered the surveys and were subsequently brought to the educational centres. 637 surveys were recovered from the families, a 23,6% of the student body, although it resulted in an unequal distribution on the territorial level. Keeping the objectives and hypothesis of the study in mind, two surveys were created ad hoc in order to know the distribution of academic and leisure time. One of the surveys was student oriented and the other was directed to their families. Since the subject and its family was clearly identified, both surveys were gathered in the same data base, considering the student body with the main subject as the subject of study. First of all, with the purpose of identifying the sample subject of study, as well as the most common leisure time activities done with the family, a frequency analysis was made the using Chi-square test to check the relations between both items. Subsequently, the medians were compared using the Student’s t test for independent samples and the effect size was determined based on the d coefficient of Cohen (Lakens, 2013). This was calculated for the purpose of describing the implications that participating in leisure time activities with the family has on the level of satisfaction of the youth and the importance families confer to the leisure time activities of their children, comparing the ones thinking leisure time should be spent with the family and those who differ. As well as to compare which benefits are obtained from the previously mentioned activities and the opinion they have about their family life. The youths doing their principal leisure time activity with their families represent a 13,8% of the total sample. Concerning their age, although the 1618 year-olds form the biggest group, the percentage o (...truncated)