The Compliance of Ship's Crew Toward International Convention Implementation for Controlling of Ballast Water and Sediment from Ships In Offshore Port of Taboneo

Omni-Akuatika, 14 (1): 62–68, 2018 ISSN: 1858-3873 print / 2476-9347 online Research Article journal homepage: http://ojs.omniakuatika.net The Compliance of Ship's Crew Toward the International Convention Implementation for the Control and Management of Ship’s Ballast Water and Sediment In Offshore Port of Taboneo 1* 1 1 A. Sulaiman , A. Syamsu Hidayat , Mijani Rahman , Noor Arida Fauzana 1 1 Post Graduate Program of Natural Resource Management and Environment Study Program University of Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarbaru, Indonesia * Corresponding author: Received 5 March 2018; Accepted 18 May 2018; Available online 31 May 2018 ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the level of compliance of the ship’s crew toward The BWM Convention (Ballast Water Management Convention). This research is kind of qualitative using a research design that relates the independent variables and the dependent variable at the same time. The study was conducted in the Offshore Port of Taboneo with a total sample of 54 respondents. The research data is primary data from interview by using questionnaire and secondary data obtained from interview and literature study. The results showed that the compliance of the crew on the ship that has been equipped with Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) is 66.67 % of respondents belong to the category approach to compliance and 33.33 % of respondents belong to the category approach to non-compliance. So are the compliance of crew on ship that has not been equipped with BWTS, 60.61 % of respondents belong to the category approach to compliance and 39.39 % of respondents belong to the category approach to non-compliance. Keywords: ballast water management, perception, ship’s crew, ballast water 1. Introduction Water transport has an essential role in world trade. According to the UNCTAD (2016), in 2015 the volume of trade by sea (seaborne trade) amounted to 10.047 million tons or more than 80% of the total world trade. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) as an international organization under the United Nations (UN) has a central role in the maritime transportation by issuing internationally enforceable regulations for safe and ecofriendly shipping (IMO, 2017). One of the remarkable achievements of IMO in its efforts to protect the marine environment due to damage caused by shipping activities of a ship is by the International Convention of Control and Management of Ballast Water and Sediments from Ship in 2004 that better known as BWM Convention (Ballast Water Management Convention) hereinafter referred to as the BWM Convention. The BWM Convention consists of 22 Articles covering obligations agreed by all parties and 1 appendix (Annex) containing technical regulations. Legal certainty in protecting the maritime environment of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) or Hazardous Organisms and Aquatic Pathogens (HAOP) caused by ballast water from ships that disposed of without processing first, whether from Indonesian-flagged ships sailing abroad or from foreign flagged ships in Indonesian waters, will be realized by ratifying this Convention (Directorate General of Sea Transportation, 2015). Research about the compliance of ship’s crew on the implementation of this BWM Convention may provide an overview of the compliance of the crew in implementing the rules of the BWM Convention on the ships, especially on trade ships of bulk carriers in the Offshore Port of Taboneo. The results of this research are expected to provide information so that it can be an input and consideration to the relevant parts either government, ship owners, or port managers. Sulaiman et al., 2018, The Compliance of Ship's Crew Toward 2. Materials and Methods Time and location This research was conducted for 5 months from October 2017 - February 2018 and has been implemented in the Offshore Port of Taboneo or commonly referred as the Floating Terminal of Taboneo, managed by the Badan Usaha Pelabuhan (BUP) of PT. Indonesia Multi Purpose Terminal (IMPT). The Floating Terminal of Taboneo is a place to Ship to Ship Transfer (STS), that included in the Region of Work Environment (Daerah Lingkungan Kerja/DLKr) and Regional of Interests Environment (Daerah Lingkungan Kepentingan/DLKp) Port of Banjarmasin, Province of South Kalimantan. Taboneo Floating Terminal is located 25 Nm to the South from Trisakti Port, Banjarmasin. Watershed area used for cargoes loading activities of 36 2 Nm area with a capacity of 61 loading point, which consists of Handysize, Handymax, Panamax and Capesize type of ships (IMPT, 2018). Population and sample Based on data from Port Authority (Kantor Kesyahbandaran dan Otoritas Pelabuhan/KSOP) Class I Banjarmasin (2017) in the period of January to September 2017, the amount of ship arrivals on average per month as many as 100 ships with varying deadweight and flags. The minimum number of bulk carrier ships with size above 400 GT is 74 ships, ie in February 2017. While the maximum arrival in April 2017 that is as many as 115 ships. Determination of the number of samples from the population of bulk carriers in Offshore Port of Taboneo can be determined by using Slovin equation (Umar, 2003), namely: (1) Annotation: n = Number of Samples N = The total population of coal carriers e = Precision (10%) If the population of a bulk carrier vessel is 115 ships, then the number of ship samples taken is as follows: ships (2) This research uses purposive sampling method. According to Sugiyono (2013), purposive sampling is one way or method of 63 sampling which concern to the purpose and consideration of the researcher. Therefore in this research, respondents selected are those with the position of ship officers. This is done with the consideration of ship officers have to know, understand, apply, and take responsibility for the implementation of this BWM Convention. Data analysis This research is divided into 2 kinds, ie the level of compliance for ships that have been installed Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) and the level of compliance on the ships that have not been installed Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). The indicator of crew compliance for ships that have been installed ballast water treatment equipment is as follows: a. The ship has an International Ballast Water Management Certificate b. The ship has The Book of Ballast Water Management Plant c. The ship has a Ballast Water Record Book d. Perform ballast water treatment in each voyage e. Inspection results by port authorities f. Utilization of reception facility of ballast water and sediment in port facilities. While the indicators for the ship that has not been installed Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) is as follows: a. Ballast water exchanging (BWE) in accordance with BWM Convention rules b. The ship has The Book of Ballast Water Management Plant c. The ship has a Ballast Water Record Book d. Inspection results by port authorities e. Utilization of reception facility of ballast water and sed (...truncated)